Anatomy Chapter 7: Axial Skeleton
44. Which curves of the vertebral column are present at birth?
7, 12, 5
3. The thoracic cage includes
24 ribs, sternum
43. The vertebral column includes ______ cervical, ______ thoracic, and ______ lumbar vertebrae.
7, 12, 5
. The skull consists of ____________ cranial bones and _________________ facial bones.
8, 14
48. Transverse foramina are found in ____ vertebrae.
cervical
40. The membranous sheets that connect developing cranial bones are called
fontanelles
29. Which facial bone is shaped like the letter "L"?
palatine
31. A perpendicular plate is a feature of the _____ and ___________ bones.
palatine, ethmoid
96. Collectively, the hollow cavities in the maxillae, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal bones are called the _______ sinuses.
paranasal
60. How many pairs of ribs articulate (directly or indirectly) with the sternum?
10
28. The ________ process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone.
condylar
6. Which bone is not paired?
mandible
58. The superior portion of the sternum is called the
manubrium
21. Which is not a correct pairing of bone and feature?
parietal bone: mental foramen
57. The clavicles articulate with the sternum at the ______ notches.
clavicular
53. Which features are found only on thoracic vertebrae?
costal facets and demi facets
54. Which feature is unique to the axis?
dens
7. Which of these skull bones cannot be palpated?
ethmoid
19. Which is not a feature of the ethmoid bone?
inferior nasal conchae
46. The __________ provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body.
intervertebral foramina
8. The _____________ suture is the articulation between the occipital bone and both parietal bones.
lambdoid
99. Each vertebral arch is composed of two pedicles and two ________.
laminae
95. The auditory ossicles are the _______, the _________, and the __________
malleus, incus, stapes
34. Which of these is not a paranasal sinus?
mastoid sinus
20. Which bone bears the infraorbital foramen?
maxilla
33. The incisive foramen and palatine process are features of the ________
maxilla
47. The inner, gelatinous region of each intervertebral disc is called the
nucleus pulposus
9. Which of these bones does not contribute to the region known as the pterion?
occipital
11. Which bones form the calvaria?
occipital, parietal, frontal
41. Which is not a function of the vertebral column?
passageway for cranial nerves
25. Which cranial fossa supports the cerebellum?
posterior
100. Developmentally, the vertebrae and ribs are formed by portions called __________ that separate from the somites, surround the neural tube, and become cartilaginous.
sclerotomes
18. The portion of the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland is the ________
sella turcica
24. The pterygoid spines and optic canals are features of the ______ bone.
sphenoid
93. The immovable joints that form boundaries between skull bones are called ______
sutures
10. The zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the _________ process of the zygomatic bone form the zygomatic arch.
temporal
26. Which bone is not part of the facial complex?
temporal
32. Which bone bears the mandibular fossa?
temporal
56. Each auricular surface of the sacrum is located on a(n)
ala
52. Which of these features is found in a lumbar vertebra? _-all are correct: - pedicles -vertebral foramen -spinous process - vertebral arch
all are correct
38. Which is characteristic of a female skull, as compared to a male skull? -all of these are correct: -chin pointed and triangular mandibular angle greater than 125 degrees - little or no prominence in superciliary arches -external surface of occipital bone relatively smooth
all of these are correct
50. The occipital condyles articulate with the
atlas, c1
17. What is the function of the nuchal lines?
attachment for muscles and ligaments
97. As a person ages, the teeth wear down from use in a process called dental ________.
attrition
65. Which bone count is not correct for a normal adult human?
7 lumbar vertebrae
81. Sutural (Wormian) bones are most commonly found in the squamous suture. T/F
F
2. Which bone is not part of the axial skeleton?
axial: head, neck, trunk
39. Developmentally, the most significant growth in the skull occurs
before age 5
63. Which is not true about aging of the skeleton?
bone mass INCREASES with age
12. Foramina in the skull serve as passageways for blood vessels, nerves, and other structures. Which of these foramina is covered by connective tissue in adults, and therefore does not serve as a passageway?
foramen lacerum
30. Which bones articulate with the zygomatic bone?
frontal, temporal, maxilla
14. Which of the cranial bones feature a squamous part?
frontal, temporal, occipital
36. Which bone bears the greater and lesser cornua?
hyoid
22. The jugular foramen is located between the ______________ and ___________ bones.
occipital, temporal
49. The vertebral processes that are most easily palpated along the midline of the back are the _______ processes.
spinous
13. Of the four largest types of sutures in the skull, which are paired?
squamous
62. Rib 1 articulates with vertebra ____and the _________
t1, manubrium
4. What is the approximate volume of the adult cranial cavity?
1300-1500cc
45. Which of the spinal curves form when a child is about 12 months of age?
thoracic and sacral
27. Which bone is unpaired?
vomer
5. Which is not a cranial bone?
vomer
94. The _____ forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.
vomer
61. How many pairs of ribs are "floating ribs" that do not articulate with the sternum?
2
91. Although the number can vary slightly, the number of bones in a typical adult skeleton is (use digits) _______.
206
51. Which cervical vertebra is also known as the vertebra prominins?
c7
92. The roof of the cranium is called the _______, or skullcap
calvaria
42. What is the correct order for the vertebral regions, from superior to inferior?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
98. The primary curves of the vertebral column are also called accommodation curves, while the secondary curves are also called ______ curves.
compensation
35. Which bones form the inferior margin of the orbit?
maxilla and zygomatic
16. Which bone bears the superior and inferior temporal lines?
parietal
23. What is the function of the cribriform plate?
permits passage of olfactory nerves
15. Which part of the temporal bone includes the internal acoustic meatus?
petrous
37. What is the location of the auditory ossicles?
petrous part of temporal bone
64. Which is not true about development of the axial skeleton?
ribs and clavicles form from schlerotomes
55. The spinal cord terminates at an opening in the sacrum called the
sacral hiatus
59. The sternal angle can be used as an anatomical landmark to identify the position of the
second rib