Anatomy Chapter 7: Axial Skeleton

44. Which curves of the vertebral column are present at birth?

7, 12, 5

3. The thoracic cage includes

24 ribs, sternum

43. The vertebral column includes ______ cervical, ______ thoracic, and ______ lumbar vertebrae.

7, 12, 5

. The skull consists of ____________ cranial bones and _________________ facial bones.

8, 14

48. Transverse foramina are found in ____ vertebrae.

cervical

40. The membranous sheets that connect developing cranial bones are called

fontanelles

29. Which facial bone is shaped like the letter "L"?

palatine

31. A perpendicular plate is a feature of the _____ and ___________ bones.

palatine, ethmoid

96. Collectively, the hollow cavities in the maxillae, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal bones are called the _______ sinuses.

paranasal

60. How many pairs of ribs articulate (directly or indirectly) with the sternum?

10

28. The ________ process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone.

condylar

6. Which bone is not paired?

mandible

58. The superior portion of the sternum is called the

manubrium

21. Which is not a correct pairing of bone and feature?

parietal bone: mental foramen

57. The clavicles articulate with the sternum at the ______ notches.

clavicular

53. Which features are found only on thoracic vertebrae?

costal facets and demi facets

54. Which feature is unique to the axis?

dens

7. Which of these skull bones cannot be palpated?

ethmoid

19. Which is not a feature of the ethmoid bone?

inferior nasal conchae

46. The __________ provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body.

intervertebral foramina

8. The _____________ suture is the articulation between the occipital bone and both parietal bones.

lambdoid

99. Each vertebral arch is composed of two pedicles and two ________.

laminae

95. The auditory ossicles are the _______, the _________, and the __________

malleus, incus, stapes

34. Which of these is not a paranasal sinus?

mastoid sinus

20. Which bone bears the infraorbital foramen?

maxilla

33. The incisive foramen and palatine process are features of the ________

maxilla

47. The inner, gelatinous region of each intervertebral disc is called the

nucleus pulposus

9. Which of these bones does not contribute to the region known as the pterion?

occipital

11. Which bones form the calvaria?

occipital, parietal, frontal

41. Which is not a function of the vertebral column?

passageway for cranial nerves

25. Which cranial fossa supports the cerebellum?

posterior

100. Developmentally, the vertebrae and ribs are formed by portions called __________ that separate from the somites, surround the neural tube, and become cartilaginous.

sclerotomes

18. The portion of the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland is the ________

sella turcica

24. The pterygoid spines and optic canals are features of the ______ bone.

sphenoid

93. The immovable joints that form boundaries between skull bones are called ______

sutures

10. The zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the _________ process of the zygomatic bone form the zygomatic arch.

temporal

26. Which bone is not part of the facial complex?

temporal

32. Which bone bears the mandibular fossa?

temporal

56. Each auricular surface of the sacrum is located on a(n)

ala

52. Which of these features is found in a lumbar vertebra? _-all are correct: - pedicles -vertebral foramen -spinous process - vertebral arch

all are correct

38. Which is characteristic of a female skull, as compared to a male skull? -all of these are correct: -chin pointed and triangular mandibular angle greater than 125 degrees - little or no prominence in superciliary arches -external surface of occipital bone relatively smooth

all of these are correct

50. The occipital condyles articulate with the

atlas, c1

17. What is the function of the nuchal lines?

attachment for muscles and ligaments

97. As a person ages, the teeth wear down from use in a process called dental ________.

attrition

65. Which bone count is not correct for a normal adult human?

7 lumbar vertebrae

81. Sutural (Wormian) bones are most commonly found in the squamous suture. T/F

F

2. Which bone is not part of the axial skeleton?

axial: head, neck, trunk

39. Developmentally, the most significant growth in the skull occurs

before age 5

63. Which is not true about aging of the skeleton?

bone mass INCREASES with age

12. Foramina in the skull serve as passageways for blood vessels, nerves, and other structures. Which of these foramina is covered by connective tissue in adults, and therefore does not serve as a passageway?

foramen lacerum

30. Which bones articulate with the zygomatic bone?

frontal, temporal, maxilla

14. Which of the cranial bones feature a squamous part?

frontal, temporal, occipital

36. Which bone bears the greater and lesser cornua?

hyoid

22. The jugular foramen is located between the ______________ and ___________ bones.

occipital, temporal

49. The vertebral processes that are most easily palpated along the midline of the back are the _______ processes.

spinous

13. Of the four largest types of sutures in the skull, which are paired?

squamous

62. Rib 1 articulates with vertebra ____and the _________

t1, manubrium

4. What is the approximate volume of the adult cranial cavity?

1300-1500cc

45. Which of the spinal curves form when a child is about 12 months of age?

thoracic and sacral

27. Which bone is unpaired?

vomer

5. Which is not a cranial bone?

vomer

94. The _____ forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.

vomer

61. How many pairs of ribs are "floating ribs" that do not articulate with the sternum?

2

91. Although the number can vary slightly, the number of bones in a typical adult skeleton is (use digits) _______.

206

51. Which cervical vertebra is also known as the vertebra prominins?

c7

92. The roof of the cranium is called the _______, or skullcap

calvaria

42. What is the correct order for the vertebral regions, from superior to inferior?

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

98. The primary curves of the vertebral column are also called accommodation curves, while the secondary curves are also called ______ curves.

compensation

35. Which bones form the inferior margin of the orbit?

maxilla and zygomatic

16. Which bone bears the superior and inferior temporal lines?

parietal

23. What is the function of the cribriform plate?

permits passage of olfactory nerves

15. Which part of the temporal bone includes the internal acoustic meatus?

petrous

37. What is the location of the auditory ossicles?

petrous part of temporal bone

64. Which is not true about development of the axial skeleton?

ribs and clavicles form from schlerotomes

55. The spinal cord terminates at an opening in the sacrum called the

sacral hiatus

59. The sternal angle can be used as an anatomical landmark to identify the position of the

second rib