Anatomy Digestive Matching

List the six digestive processes discussed in notes and their function, starting with ingestion.

Ingestion - Food enters digestive system. Mechanical Digestion - The physical action that breaks food down into smaller pieces. Also mixing, churning, and segmentation of food. Propulsion - Movement of food through the G.I. track. Includes swallowing and peristalsis. Chemical Digestion - Using enzymes to break down food into basic units. Absorption - Products of digestion enter bloodstream and lymphatic vessels. Defecation - Elimination of indigestible substances from the G.I. track.

List the organs (in order) that make up the GI tract the digestive system and their function.

Mouth - Opening to G.I. track. Pharynx - Back of throat, common passageway for air and food. and participates in swallowing. Esophagus - Leads to stomach, assist in passage and movement of food to stomach. Stomach - storage, digestion of proteins, and regulation of the delivery of food to the small intestine. Small Intestine - Digestion of carbohydrates and lipids, movement of food, neutralize acidic food, and absorption of digested food. Large Intestine - Absorption of water, nutrients, and eliminates indigestible wastes.

List the four tissue layers of the digestive track and their function.

Mucosa - Secretion of mucus, digestive enzymes, and hormones. Also absorption of digestion products and protection against infections. Submucosa - Contains blood and lymph vessels that transport nutrients and the products of digestion. Muscularis externa - Muscles that move food

List the four serous membranes and their function.

Parietal peritoneum - lines internal surface of abdominopelvic cavity. Visceral peritoneum - covers surface of digestive organs. Peritoneal cavity - Cavity located between parietal and visceral peritoneum. Mesentery - Double layer of peritoneum that holds organs in place, stores fat, supports blood vessels and nerves.

List the accessory organs of the digestive system and their function.

Salivary Glands - Secretes enzymes that start carbohydrate digestion. Pancreas - Secretes digestive enzymes and sodium bicarbonate buffer. Liver - Produces bile, which is added to G.I. track where it emulsifies lipids. Gall Bladder - Stores bile from liver and delivers it to the G.I. track.