Anatomy Exam 2
What part of the nasal cavity is formed by the nasal septum?
Forms the medial wall of the nasal cavity.
Identify the true statement about the head of the ulna.
Found at the distal end of the bone.
Identify the indentation that is inferiorolateral to the auricular surface.
Greater sciatic notch
Which of the following INCORRECTLY compares the thumb and big toe?
In anatomical position, they are both medial.
Where is the mandibular fossa located?
Inferior surface of the zygomatic process
Which landmark of the hip bone can be felt on a hard chair?
Ischial tuberosity
Which of the following describes spongy bone?
It contains struts and plates of bone with open spaces between them to house blood-producing cells or adipocytes.
The knee joint differs from other large, complex synovial joints of the body in which of the following features?
It is composed of two joints within a complex synovial capsule.
Which of the following landmarks is found on the distal end of the humerus?
Lateral epicondyle
Name the noticeable bump on the outside of the ankle.
Lateral malleolus
Identify the region of the mandible that forms part of the temporomandibular joint.
Mandibular condyle
Which region of the mandible articulates with the cranium?
Mandibular condyle
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the mandible.
Mandibular fossa
The flat surface of the tibia that articulates with the femur is the superior surface of which landmark?
Medial and lateral condyles
Identify the anatomical landmark resulting in a noticeable bump found on the medial surface of the ankle.
Medial malleolus
Identify the area of the occipital bone that articulates with the vertebral column.
Occipital condyles
Identify the region of the ulna that articulates with the humerus when the forearm is in full extension.
Olecranon process
How do the functions of the osteoclasts and osteoblasts differ?
Osteoclasts dissolve bone matrix, whereas osteoblasts deposit bone matrix into the bones.
identify the location of the occipital bone.
Posterior surface and base of the cranium
Which bony landmarks can be palpated on the anterior surface of the body, close to the midline?
Pubic tubercles
Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively?
Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar
Which of the following thoracic vertebrae is the largest?
T12
Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes the proximal articulation of these bones?
The femur articulates with the scapula.
Which of the following correctly compares the proximal articulations for the bones of the forearm and leg?
The heads of the fibula and radius are found at the proximal ends of the bones.
Which of the following correctly describes the hand?
The scaphoid bone articulates with the radius.
Which of the following statements describes the relationship between an articulation's strength and amount of allowed movement?
The shoulder permits a wide range of motion, but it is the most likely to become dislocated.
Comparing the distal articulation of the forearm and the leg, which of the following is INCORRECT?
The ulna is the only bone in the forearm that articulates with the carpal bones at the wrist.
By comparing the distal articulation of the humerus and the femur, what can be learned?
They both articulate with two bones.
Which region of the vertebral column is immediately superior to the lumbar region?
Thoracic
Identify the blunt elevation found on the anterior surface of the tibia between the lateral and medial condyles.
Tibial tuberosity
Identify the 2 bones that make up the zygomatic arch.
Zygomatic bone and temporal bone
Identify the articulation site for the femur.
acetabulum
Which of the following ligaments is partially or completely stretched or torn during a shoulder separation?
acromioclavicular ligament
Identify the region of the scapula that articulates with the clavicle.
acromion process
Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid?
acts as a shock absorber
Which of the following pieces of information about an individual can be discerned from the skeleton?
all
Both sets of bones have __________.
an interosseous membrane
The clavicle belongs to which of the following areas?
appendicular
Which region of the skeleton contains the humerus?
appendicular
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
atlas
Which vertebra lacks both a body and spinous process?
atlas
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no".
atlas -- axis
Identify the region of the sacrum that articulates with the hip bone.
auricular surface
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
axis
Identify the location of the ethmoid bone.
between the orbits
What kind of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
biaxial
Which part of a vertebra is known as the centrum?
body
Identify the anatomical term for the "heel bone".
calcaneous
Identify the bones that make up the wrist.
carpals
Identify the general location of the zygomatic arch.
cheek
__________ is the ability to move one end of a bone through a complete circle while the opposite end remains stationary. It is permitted only by ball-and-socket joints.
circumdation
Identify the tailbone.
coccyx
The inferior surface of the clavicle has a projection called the:
conoid process
Identify the process on the scapula that does not articulate with another bone.
coracoid process
The frontal bone attaches to the left and right parietal bones at the __________.
coronal suture
Identify the recessed area surrounding the crista galli.
cribiform plates
Identify the landmark that projects superiorly into the floor of the skull and serves as a site of attachment for the meninges.
crista galli
Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib.
demi-facet
The sella turcica is best described as:
depression
A joint that permits free movement is called ________.
diarthrosis
Which type of joint in the body allows the greatest range of motion?
diarthrosis
Where in the skeleton is the ulna located in reference to the humerus?
distal
The glenoid labrum _____.
enlarges and deepens the joint cavity
Both the humerus and femur have __________.
epicondyles
Which of the following bones is not a facial bone?
ethmoid
The bones that form the nasal septum are the _____.
ethmoid and vomer
Dale Earnhardt's skull fracture damaged his occipital and temporal bones. Which of the following bones may also be involved in a basilar skull fracture?
ethmoid, sphenoid, parietal
Identify the hole that marks the opening of the ear canal on the superficial surface of the skull.
external acoustic meatus
Of the following features, which is NOT visible on a sagittal view of the skull?
external auditory meatus
T/F The lumbar vertebrae are roughly the same size as vertebrae from the rest of the vertebral column.
false
T/F The palpable hip bone projections in the front of the body felt when you put your hands on your hips are the posterior inferior iliac spines.
false
T/F The ethmoid bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.
false
Name bone that articulates with the proximal end of the tibia.
femur
Identify the bone found lateral to the tibia.
fibula
Identify the bone of the lower limb that bears the least amount of weight.
fibula
Identify the location of the sphenoid bone.
floor of the skull
Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
foramen magnum
The spinal cord passes from the cranial cavity to the body through the __________.
foramen magnum
The distal tip of the fibula ________.
forms the lateral malleolus
Which of the following bones is unpaired?
frontal
Bones of the skull that articulate with the zygomatic bone include (the) ________.
frontal maxillary sphenoid temporal
Identify the socket of the shoulder joint.
glenoid cavity
A specialized form of fibrous synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket is a ________.
gomphosis
Identify the landmark found on the proximal end of the humerus.
greater tubercle
Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra.
head
Identify the region of the femur that forms part of the hip joint.
head
Identify the region of the radius that articulates with the ulna.
head
What part of the fibula is found near the knee joint?
head
What part of the humerus articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint?
head
Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum.
hyaline cartilage
Which bone is not in direct contact with any other bone of the skeleton?
hyoid
Which bone of the axial skeleton does NOT have a direct connection to any other bone?
hyoid
The ridge like superior edge of the ilium is known as the _____.
iliac crest
The superior ridge of the ilium, between the anterior superior and posterior superior iliac spines, is known as the _____.
iliac crest
Which of the following is the largest region of the hip bone?
ilium
The three bones that fuse to form the hip bone are the _____.
ilium, ischium, and pubis
Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it.
inferior articular processes
Identify the small hole on the maxillary bone located below the orbit.
infraorbital foramen
Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen?
intervertebral discs
The fibrous sheet that helps connect the radius and ulna __________.
is called the antebrachial interosseus membrane
Identify the small facial bones found in the medial wall of the orbit.
lacrimal
Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium?
lacrimal bone
Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone.
lambhoid
Which of these regions of the vertebral column would be most accessible from a posterior surgical approach?
lamina
Where is the radius located in reference to the ulna?
lateral
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.
lesser wings
Identify the landmark found on the diaphysis of the femur.
linea aspera
What type of bone is a phalanx?
long
What type of bone is the fibula?
long
What type of bones are the phalanges?
long
One section of the vertebrae tends to carry the most weight and strain, and accordingly those vertebrae have the largest vertebral bodies. Which section of vertebrae is this?
lumbar
Which landmark is not visible from an anterior view?
mandibular foramina
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw.
mandibular fossa
Name the U shaped border found between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process.
mandibular notch
The region of the mandible that anchors the coronoid process is the:
mandibular ramus
Which facial bones fuse to form the upper jaw?
maxillary
Which facial bones form the roof of the mouth?
maxillary palatine
Which of the following is NOT found in the orbits?
maxillary sinuses
Which surface of the maxillary bones fuse together?
medial
Identify the best description for the location of the head of the femur.
medial and proximal
Which part of the leg does the tibia form?
medial leg
Examples of rotational movement
medial/lateral, pronation/supination
Which landmark is composed of fused spinous processes?
median sacral crest
Nerves and blood vessels pass through the _____ to reach the chin.
mental foramina
Identify the bones that make up the palm of the hand.
metacarpals
The diaphysis is connected to the epiphysis by a narrow zone called the ________.
metaphysis
Identify the bones that make up the middle portion of the foot.
metatarsals
Which of theses projections of the ethmoid bone are most visible in the nasal cavity?
middle nasal conchae
Which facial bones makeup the central portion of the bridge of the nose?
nasal
Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus?
nasal
Which of the following locations is not formed by part of the maxillae?
nasal septum
The condition known as a "fractured hip" is most often a break in the femur. Where is the femur particularly susceptible to a fracture?
neck
Identify the large hole found in this bone.
obturator foramen
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes".
occipital bone-- atlas
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.
occipital condyles
Identify the depression found on the posterior surface of the distal humerus.
olecranon fossa
The tiny holes in the cribriform plate are:
olfactory foramina
The functional unit of mature compact bones is called the cylindrical ________.
osteons
Identify the posterior most region of the hard palate.
palatine bones
The anterior two-thirds of the bony palate is formed by the ________ of the maxillae.
palatine process
Which part of the maxillary bones form the roof of the mouth?
palatine processes
The lambdoid suture is found between which two bones?
parietal and occipital
Which landmark is found on the anterior surface of the femur?
patellar surface
Identify the part of the ethmoid bone that contributes to the nasal septum.
perpendicular plate
Which part of the ethmoid bone forms part of the nasal septum?
perpendicular plate
What type of joint is formed between the radius and ulna?
pivot
Which of the following is NOT part of, or formed by, the ischium?
posterior superior iliac spine
In a diarthrotic joint, which is NOT a function of the synovial fluid?
protect the surface of the articulating bones
The articulation between the two hip bones is the _____.
pubis symphysis
What region of the vertebral column does the hip bone articulate with?
sacral
Which region of the vertebral column is immediately inferior to the lumbar region?
sacral
Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis.
sacrum
Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones.
sagittal
The nasal septum occupies which anatomic plane?
sagittal
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.
sella turcica
The depression that cradles and protects the pituitary gland is called the ________.
sella turcica
Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?
sphenoid
Bones that form the middle cranial fossa include the _____.
sphenoid, temporal, and parietal
Which of the following landmarks is found on the posterior surface of the scapula?
spine
Name the vertebral projection oriented in a median plane.
spinous process
Which of the following structures can most easily be felt on the dorsum?
spinous process
Which of the following sutures marks the boundary between the temporal bone and the parietal bone of each side of the skull?
squamous
Identify the region of the temporal bone found superior to the external acoustic meatus that articulates with the parietal bone.
squamous part
Identify the landmark on the temporal bone that is a pointy spine.
styloid process
Identify the projection found on distal end of the ulna.
styloid process
Which of the following regions of the radius help form the wrist joint?
styloid process
Which region of the scapula is found on the anterior surface?
subscapular fossa
The suprascapular notch is found on:
superior border
Identify the type of movement enabled by the articulation between the radius and ulna at the elbow.
supination
Identify the tarsal that articulates with the tibia and fibula.
talus
Which of the following bones articulates with the tibia?
talus
Which of the following bones does NOT have a paranasal sinus?
temporal
If a fracture disrupted both the carotid artery (within a carotid canal) and the jugular vein (within a jugular foramen), which bone would be involved?
temporal bone
Identify the region on the zygomatic bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.
temporal process
Which part of the scapula articulates with the clavicle?
the acromion
Identify the cranial nerve that passes through the olfactory foramina.
the olfactory nerve (CN I)
Which of the following contributes the most to the stabilization of the shoulder joint?
the rotator cuff muscles
Comparing the hand and the foot, _____.
there are eight carpal bones but only seven tarsal bones
The adult hip bone consists of _____ regions.
three
Which digit is composed of only two phalanges?
thumb
Identify the 2 bones that the fibula articulates with in the skeleton.
tibia and foot
The major weight-bearing articulation of the ankle is the ________ joint.
tibiotalar
Which of the following is a special characteristic of spongy bone?
trabeculae
Identify the articulation site for a tubercle of a rib.
transverse costal facet
Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra.
transverse process
Which of the following associations describes the shoulder joint?
triaxial -- ball and socket
Identify the landmark that is unique to the femur.
trochanter
Identify the region of the humerus that articulates with the ulna, located between the medial epicondyle and capitulum.
trochlea
Which of the following do you notice when looking at the foot? The ____.
trochlea is found on the superior aspect of the talus
Identify the primary region of the ulna that forms the hinge joint with the humerus.
trochlear notch
T/F The ethmoid bone is part of the axial skeleton.
true
T/F The projection at the inferior end of the greater sciatic notch is the ischial spine.
true
T/F The shape of the spinous process can be used to help determine if a vertebra is from the lumbar region.
true
T/F The sphenoid bone contains a sinus.
true
t/f The lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back.
true
Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.
tubercle
What bone forms part of the nasal septum?
vomer
Which bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum?
vomer
The most inferior portion of the sternum to which the diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles attach is called the ________.
xiphoid process
What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR?
xiphoid process
What is the anatomical name for the facial bones known as "cheekbones"?
zygomatic
Identify the region of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.
zygomatic process
Identify the region on the temporal bone that forms much of the zygomatic arch.
zygomatic process
Which of the following digits contain only 2 phalanges?
1
Which digit is the radius closest to?
1. The radius runs parallel to the ulna on the same side as the thumb
How many vertebrae comprise the thoracic region of the spine?
12
How many phalanges are located in the hand?
14
How many bones make up the nasal septum?
2 The nasal septum is composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and the vomer.
How many ribs make up the rib cage?
24
Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx.
3-5
How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column?
5
Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.
5
How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?
5 ~ 5 pairs of ribs are false ribs. False ribs either attach to the sternum indirectly by articulating with the costal cartilage of the rib above it, or do not attach to the sternum at all.
how many phalanges
56
How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?
7
Name the number of tarsals.
7
How many carpals make up the wrist?
8
Which of the following correctly describes features on these bones?
A deltoid tuberosity is found on the lateral surface of the humerus.
Identify the best description of the mandibular condyle.
A projection on the mandible
Identify the best description of the mandibular fossa.
A shallow depression
Which of the following statements correctly describes the shoulder joint?
Articular cartilage covers the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity.
Which region of the hip bone articulates with the sacrum?
Auricular surface of the ilium
In what ways are the humerus and the femur similar?
Both contain neck areas. Both contain distal fossae used for articulation. Both have rounded heads for articulation in one of the body's girdles.
Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes features of these sets of bones?
Both sets of bones have a condyle at the proximal end.
What feature do the pollex and hallux have in common?
Each is made of only two phalangeal bones.
Which of the following characteristics do not belong to the lumbar region?
Elongated spinous process
