Anatomy Exam 2

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What part of the nasal cavity is formed by the nasal septum?

Forms the medial wall of the nasal cavity.

Identify the true statement about the head of the ulna.

Found at the distal end of the bone.

Identify the indentation that is inferiorolateral to the auricular surface.

Greater sciatic notch

Which of the following INCORRECTLY compares the thumb and big toe?

In anatomical position, they are both medial.

Where is the mandibular fossa located?

Inferior surface of the zygomatic process

Which landmark of the hip bone can be felt on a hard chair?

Ischial tuberosity

Which of the following describes spongy bone?

It contains struts and plates of bone with open spaces between them to house blood-producing cells or adipocytes.

The knee joint differs from other large, complex synovial joints of the body in which of the following features?

It is composed of two joints within a complex synovial capsule.

Which of the following landmarks is found on the distal end of the humerus?

Lateral epicondyle

Name the noticeable bump on the outside of the ankle.

Lateral malleolus

Identify the region of the mandible that forms part of the temporomandibular joint.

Mandibular condyle

Which region of the mandible articulates with the cranium?

Mandibular condyle

Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the mandible.

Mandibular fossa

The flat surface of the tibia that articulates with the femur is the superior surface of which landmark?

Medial and lateral condyles

Identify the anatomical landmark resulting in a noticeable bump found on the medial surface of the ankle.

Medial malleolus

Identify the area of the occipital bone that articulates with the vertebral column.

Occipital condyles

Identify the region of the ulna that articulates with the humerus when the forearm is in full extension.

Olecranon process

How do the functions of the osteoclasts and osteoblasts differ?

Osteoclasts dissolve bone matrix, whereas osteoblasts deposit bone matrix into the bones.

identify the location of the occipital bone.

Posterior surface and base of the cranium

Which bony landmarks can be palpated on the anterior surface of the body, close to the midline?

Pubic tubercles

Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively?

Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar

Which of the following thoracic vertebrae is the largest?

T12

Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes the proximal articulation of these bones?

The femur articulates with the scapula.

Which of the following correctly compares the proximal articulations for the bones of the forearm and leg?

The heads of the fibula and radius are found at the proximal ends of the bones.

Which of the following correctly describes the hand?

The scaphoid bone articulates with the radius.

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between an articulation's strength and amount of allowed movement?

The shoulder permits a wide range of motion, but it is the most likely to become dislocated.

Comparing the distal articulation of the forearm and the leg, which of the following is INCORRECT?

The ulna is the only bone in the forearm that articulates with the carpal bones at the wrist.

By comparing the distal articulation of the humerus and the femur, what can be learned?

They both articulate with two bones.

Which region of the vertebral column is immediately superior to the lumbar region?

Thoracic

Identify the blunt elevation found on the anterior surface of the tibia between the lateral and medial condyles.

Tibial tuberosity

Identify the 2 bones that make up the zygomatic arch.

Zygomatic bone and temporal bone

Identify the articulation site for the femur.

acetabulum

Which of the following ligaments is partially or completely stretched or torn during a shoulder separation?

acromioclavicular ligament

Identify the region of the scapula that articulates with the clavicle.

acromion process

Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid?

acts as a shock absorber

Which of the following pieces of information about an individual can be discerned from the skeleton?

all

Both sets of bones have __________.

an interosseous membrane

The clavicle belongs to which of the following areas?

appendicular

Which region of the skeleton contains the humerus?

appendicular

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?

atlas

Which vertebra lacks both a body and spinous process?

atlas

Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no".

atlas -- axis

Identify the region of the sacrum that articulates with the hip bone.

auricular surface

What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?

axis

Identify the location of the ethmoid bone.

between the orbits

What kind of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

biaxial

Which part of a vertebra is known as the centrum?

body

Identify the anatomical term for the "heel bone".

calcaneous

Identify the bones that make up the wrist.

carpals

Identify the general location of the zygomatic arch.

cheek

__________ is the ability to move one end of a bone through a complete circle while the opposite end remains stationary. It is permitted only by ball-and-socket joints.

circumdation

Identify the tailbone.

coccyx

The inferior surface of the clavicle has a projection called the:

conoid process

Identify the process on the scapula that does not articulate with another bone.

coracoid process

The frontal bone attaches to the left and right parietal bones at the __________.

coronal suture

Identify the recessed area surrounding the crista galli.

cribiform plates

Identify the landmark that projects superiorly into the floor of the skull and serves as a site of attachment for the meninges.

crista galli

Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib.

demi-facet

The sella turcica is best described as:

depression

A joint that permits free movement is called ________.

diarthrosis

Which type of joint in the body allows the greatest range of motion?

diarthrosis

Where in the skeleton is the ulna located in reference to the humerus?

distal

The glenoid labrum _____.

enlarges and deepens the joint cavity

Both the humerus and femur have __________.

epicondyles

Which of the following bones is not a facial bone?

ethmoid

The bones that form the nasal septum are the _____.

ethmoid and vomer

Dale Earnhardt's skull fracture damaged his occipital and temporal bones. Which of the following bones may also be involved in a basilar skull fracture?

ethmoid, sphenoid, parietal

Identify the hole that marks the opening of the ear canal on the superficial surface of the skull.

external acoustic meatus

Of the following features, which is NOT visible on a sagittal view of the skull?

external auditory meatus

T/F The lumbar vertebrae are roughly the same size as vertebrae from the rest of the vertebral column.

false

T/F The palpable hip bone projections in the front of the body felt when you put your hands on your hips are the posterior inferior iliac spines.

false

T/F The ethmoid bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.

false

Name bone that articulates with the proximal end of the tibia.

femur

Identify the bone found lateral to the tibia.

fibula

Identify the bone of the lower limb that bears the least amount of weight.

fibula

Identify the location of the sphenoid bone.

floor of the skull

Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

foramen magnum

The spinal cord passes from the cranial cavity to the body through the __________.

foramen magnum

The distal tip of the fibula ________.

forms the lateral malleolus

Which of the following bones is unpaired?

frontal

Bones of the skull that articulate with the zygomatic bone include (the) ________.

frontal maxillary sphenoid temporal

Identify the socket of the shoulder joint.

glenoid cavity

A specialized form of fibrous synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket is a ________.

gomphosis

Identify the landmark found on the proximal end of the humerus.

greater tubercle

Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra.

head

Identify the region of the femur that forms part of the hip joint.

head

Identify the region of the radius that articulates with the ulna.

head

What part of the fibula is found near the knee joint?

head

What part of the humerus articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint?

head

Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum.

hyaline cartilage

Which bone is not in direct contact with any other bone of the skeleton?

hyoid

Which bone of the axial skeleton does NOT have a direct connection to any other bone?

hyoid

The ridge like superior edge of the ilium is known as the _____.

iliac crest

The superior ridge of the ilium, between the anterior superior and posterior superior iliac spines, is known as the _____.

iliac crest

Which of the following is the largest region of the hip bone?

ilium

The three bones that fuse to form the hip bone are the _____.

ilium, ischium, and pubis

Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it.

inferior articular processes

Identify the small hole on the maxillary bone located below the orbit.

infraorbital foramen

Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen?

intervertebral discs

The fibrous sheet that helps connect the radius and ulna __________.

is called the antebrachial interosseus membrane

Identify the small facial bones found in the medial wall of the orbit.

lacrimal

Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium?

lacrimal bone

Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone.

lambhoid

Which of these regions of the vertebral column would be most accessible from a posterior surgical approach?

lamina

Where is the radius located in reference to the ulna?

lateral

Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.

lesser wings

Identify the landmark found on the diaphysis of the femur.

linea aspera

What type of bone is a phalanx?

long

What type of bone is the fibula?

long

What type of bones are the phalanges?

long

One section of the vertebrae tends to carry the most weight and strain, and accordingly those vertebrae have the largest vertebral bodies. Which section of vertebrae is this?

lumbar

Which landmark is not visible from an anterior view?

mandibular foramina

Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw.

mandibular fossa

Name the U shaped border found between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process.

mandibular notch

The region of the mandible that anchors the coronoid process is the:

mandibular ramus

Which facial bones fuse to form the upper jaw?

maxillary

Which facial bones form the roof of the mouth?

maxillary palatine

Which of the following is NOT found in the orbits?

maxillary sinuses

Which surface of the maxillary bones fuse together?

medial

Identify the best description for the location of the head of the femur.

medial and proximal

Which part of the leg does the tibia form?

medial leg

Examples of rotational movement

medial/lateral, pronation/supination

Which landmark is composed of fused spinous processes?

median sacral crest

Nerves and blood vessels pass through the _____ to reach the chin.

mental foramina

Identify the bones that make up the palm of the hand.

metacarpals

The diaphysis is connected to the epiphysis by a narrow zone called the ________.

metaphysis

Identify the bones that make up the middle portion of the foot.

metatarsals

Which of theses projections of the ethmoid bone are most visible in the nasal cavity?

middle nasal conchae

Which facial bones makeup the central portion of the bridge of the nose?

nasal

Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus?

nasal

Which of the following locations is not formed by part of the maxillae?

nasal septum

The condition known as a "fractured hip" is most often a break in the femur. Where is the femur particularly susceptible to a fracture?

neck

Identify the large hole found in this bone.

obturator foramen

Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes".

occipital bone-- atlas

Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.

occipital condyles

Identify the depression found on the posterior surface of the distal humerus.

olecranon fossa

The tiny holes in the cribriform plate are:

olfactory foramina

The functional unit of mature compact bones is called the cylindrical ________.

osteons

Identify the posterior most region of the hard palate.

palatine bones

The anterior two-thirds of the bony palate is formed by the ________ of the maxillae.

palatine process

Which part of the maxillary bones form the roof of the mouth?

palatine processes

The lambdoid suture is found between which two bones?

parietal and occipital

Which landmark is found on the anterior surface of the femur?

patellar surface

Identify the part of the ethmoid bone that contributes to the nasal septum.

perpendicular plate

Which part of the ethmoid bone forms part of the nasal septum?

perpendicular plate

What type of joint is formed between the radius and ulna?

pivot

Which of the following is NOT part of, or formed by, the ischium?

posterior superior iliac spine

In a diarthrotic joint, which is NOT a function of the synovial fluid?

protect the surface of the articulating bones

The articulation between the two hip bones is the _____.

pubis symphysis

What region of the vertebral column does the hip bone articulate with?

sacral

Which region of the vertebral column is immediately inferior to the lumbar region?

sacral

Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis.

sacrum

Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones.

sagittal

The nasal septum occupies which anatomic plane?

sagittal

Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.

sella turcica

The depression that cradles and protects the pituitary gland is called the ________.

sella turcica

Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?

sphenoid

Bones that form the middle cranial fossa include the _____.

sphenoid, temporal, and parietal

Which of the following landmarks is found on the posterior surface of the scapula?

spine

Name the vertebral projection oriented in a median plane.

spinous process

Which of the following structures can most easily be felt on the dorsum?

spinous process

Which of the following sutures marks the boundary between the temporal bone and the parietal bone of each side of the skull?

squamous

Identify the region of the temporal bone found superior to the external acoustic meatus that articulates with the parietal bone.

squamous part

Identify the landmark on the temporal bone that is a pointy spine.

styloid process

Identify the projection found on distal end of the ulna.

styloid process

Which of the following regions of the radius help form the wrist joint?

styloid process

Which region of the scapula is found on the anterior surface?

subscapular fossa

The suprascapular notch is found on:

superior border

Identify the type of movement enabled by the articulation between the radius and ulna at the elbow.

supination

Identify the tarsal that articulates with the tibia and fibula.

talus

Which of the following bones articulates with the tibia?

talus

Which of the following bones does NOT have a paranasal sinus?

temporal

If a fracture disrupted both the carotid artery (within a carotid canal) and the jugular vein (within a jugular foramen), which bone would be involved?

temporal bone

Identify the region on the zygomatic bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.

temporal process

Which part of the scapula articulates with the clavicle?

the acromion

Identify the cranial nerve that passes through the olfactory foramina.

the olfactory nerve (CN I)

Which of the following contributes the most to the stabilization of the shoulder joint?

the rotator cuff muscles

Comparing the hand and the foot, _____.

there are eight carpal bones but only seven tarsal bones

The adult hip bone consists of _____ regions.

three

Which digit is composed of only two phalanges?

thumb

Identify the 2 bones that the fibula articulates with in the skeleton.

tibia and foot

The major weight-bearing articulation of the ankle is the ________ joint.

tibiotalar

Which of the following is a special characteristic of spongy bone?

trabeculae

Identify the articulation site for a tubercle of a rib.

transverse costal facet

Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra.

transverse process

Which of the following associations describes the shoulder joint?

triaxial -- ball and socket

Identify the landmark that is unique to the femur.

trochanter

Identify the region of the humerus that articulates with the ulna, located between the medial epicondyle and capitulum.

trochlea

Which of the following do you notice when looking at the foot? The ____.

trochlea is found on the superior aspect of the talus

Identify the primary region of the ulna that forms the hinge joint with the humerus.

trochlear notch

T/F The ethmoid bone is part of the axial skeleton.

true

T/F The projection at the inferior end of the greater sciatic notch is the ischial spine.

true

T/F The shape of the spinous process can be used to help determine if a vertebra is from the lumbar region.

true

T/F The sphenoid bone contains a sinus.

true

t/f The lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back.

true

Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.

tubercle

What bone forms part of the nasal septum?

vomer

Which bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum?

vomer

The most inferior portion of the sternum to which the diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles attach is called the ________.

xiphoid process

What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR?

xiphoid process

What is the anatomical name for the facial bones known as "cheekbones"?

zygomatic

Identify the region of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.

zygomatic process

Identify the region on the temporal bone that forms much of the zygomatic arch.

zygomatic process

Which of the following digits contain only 2 phalanges?

1

Which digit is the radius closest to?

1. The radius runs parallel to the ulna on the same side as the thumb

How many vertebrae comprise the thoracic region of the spine?

12

How many phalanges are located in the hand?

14

How many bones make up the nasal septum?

2 The nasal septum is composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and the vomer.

How many ribs make up the rib cage?

24

Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx.

3-5

How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column?

5

Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.

5

How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?

5 ~ 5 pairs of ribs are false ribs. False ribs either attach to the sternum indirectly by articulating with the costal cartilage of the rib above it, or do not attach to the sternum at all.

how many phalanges

56

How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?

7

Name the number of tarsals.

7

How many carpals make up the wrist?

8

Which of the following correctly describes features on these bones?

A deltoid tuberosity is found on the lateral surface of the humerus.

Identify the best description of the mandibular condyle.

A projection on the mandible

Identify the best description of the mandibular fossa.

A shallow depression

Which of the following statements correctly describes the shoulder joint?

Articular cartilage covers the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity.

Which region of the hip bone articulates with the sacrum?

Auricular surface of the ilium

In what ways are the humerus and the femur similar?

Both contain neck areas. Both contain distal fossae used for articulation. Both have rounded heads for articulation in one of the body's girdles.

Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes features of these sets of bones?

Both sets of bones have a condyle at the proximal end.

What feature do the pollex and hallux have in common?

Each is made of only two phalangeal bones.

Which of the following characteristics do not belong to the lumbar region?

Elongated spinous process


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