Anatomy Exam 3
After activation, differentiates to become plasma cell or memory B cell
B cell
Destroys cells by lysis or by production of cytokines
Cytotoxic T cell
Cell that increases in number during parasitic infection
Eosinophil
Activates B and effector T cells
Helper T cell
Which of the following minerals is part of the hemoglobin molecule?
Iron
Quick and responsive to antigen, remembers previous exposure
Memory cell
Lyses tumor and virus-infected cells
Natural killer cell
First cell to enter infected tissues
Neutrophil
Trypsin, carboxypeptidase
Pancreas
A patient's blood analysis indicated an increase in the number of eosinophils. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Parasitic worm infection
Produces antibodies
Plasma cell
Salivary amylase
Salivary glands
Lactase, peptidases, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), dissacharridase
Small intestine
Gastric lipase, pepsinogen
Stomach
Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?
The jejunum and duodenum
Volume of air inspired during normal inspiration
Tidal volume
Sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes
Total lung capacity
Sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes
Vital capacity
What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?
a mucus-cilia escalator
Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in
absorption of food
Beta oxidation results in the formation of
acetyl CoA
Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in the
alveoli
Most O2 is carried in the blood ______; but most CO2 is _____
bound to hemoglobin; associated with bicarbonate ions in the plasma
Cholesterol
can be manufactured by most tissues
Complement proteins
can form holes in the plasma membrane of target cells
The major regulator of respiration is the plasma concentration of
carbon dioxide
Lymph movement is assisted by
contraction of skeletal muscle, contraction of smooth muscle in lymph vessel, pressure changes in the thorax during respiration, compression of lymphatic vessels
Bile
emulsifies fats in the small intestine
Which areas of an antigen are recognized by lymphocytes so that the cells can respond?
epitopes
The chloride shift refers to the
exchange of Cl- for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane
The spleen
filters damaged red blood cells from the blood
Which of the following is the correct sequence?
glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
During expiration, the alveolar pressure must be
greater than the atmospheric pressure
The Hering-Breuer reflex
helps prevent over inflation of the lungs
Nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract comes to the liver by way of the
hepatic portal vein
The portion of the brain regulates body temperature is the
hypothalamus
Saliva
moistens food and begins starch digestion in the mouth
What are the two major neurotransmitters of the enteric nervous system?
norepinephrine and acetylcholine
An MHC class II/antigen complex on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) binds to a T-cell receptor. What results from this interaction?
other immune cells are stimulated to respond to the antigen
The inflammatory response
prevents the spread of an infection
The lymphatic system plays a role in maintaining fluid balance within the body by
returning interstitial fluid to the blood
In systemic inflammation, pyrogens
stimulate fever production
Nutrition includes the study of
the nutrients in foods, the body's utilization of nutrients, how nutrients play a role in your body's health, digestion, absorption, and transportation of nutrients
When the inspiratory muscles contract
thoracic volume increases
Feces consist of
water, undigestible food, bacteria, sloughed-off epithelial cells
