Anatomy final exam
After the process of meiosis, men produce ____ sperm for each primary spermatocyte and women produce _____ egg for each primary oocyte. 4; 1 1; 1 4; 4 1; 4
4; 1
The cervical section of the spinal column has how many vertebrae? 12 7 5 10
7
Down syndrome results when an extra copy of chromosome ____ is present. 18 21 13 X
21
What physiological change does the body make when the body temperature rises above normal? Blood vessels dilate Blood vessels constrict Muscles contract involuntarily Sweat glands remain inactive
Blood vessels dilate
Which region includes the area where the thigh meets the trunk of the body? Hypogastric region Umbilical region Inguinal region Lumbar region
Inguinal region
What role does prostatic fluid play in the semen? It adds sugar and chemicals to the semen. It adds enzymes to the semen. It adds mucus to the semen. It adds an alkaline substance to the semen.
It adds an alkaline substance to the semen
What effect does benign prostatic hyperplasia have on the urinary system? It doesn't allow the bladder to expand. It causes urinary tract infection. It causes semen to backflow into the bladder. It narrows the urethra.
It narrows the urethra.
Which body position is commonly used for childbirth in Western nations? Dorsal recumbent Lithotomy Semi-Fowler's Knee-chest
Lithotomy
Physiology is the study of what aspect of the human body? functions of structures location of structures microscopic structures visible structures
functions and structures
Using the knee as a reference point, which body part is the most distal? Shoulder Hips Ankle Toes
shoulder
Which layer of the uterus is responsible for regenerating the uterine lining each month? Functional layer Myometrium Perimetrium Basal layer
Basal layer
What structure contains sperm stem cells in the male? Seminiferous tubules Tunica vaginalis Epididymis Vas deferens
Seminiferous tubules
What is one duty of a surgical technologist? Marking a limb for amputation Providing patient teaching to patients undergoing surgery Setting up a sterile field for operations Meeting with the patient's family after surgery
Setting up a sterile field for operations
Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in a male? Testosterone Follicle-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Testosterone
Pain in the left upper quadrant could be due to problems with which organ? Stomach Gallbladder Small intestine Bladder
stomach
A patient has been admitted to the hospital for amputation of the right great toe. In this situation, "right" refers to __________. your right the side that is distal the patient's right the side that is proximal
the patient's right
The buccal cavity refers to ________. the space within the mouth the space behind the nose the space that houses the eyes the space that contains the ear canal
the space within the mouth
What is the meaning of the suffix -oma? disease or condition of pain pertaining to tumor
tumor
After fertilization, the fertilized egg is known as a _________ and contains _____ chromosomes. zygote; 46 zygote; 23 fetus; 23 fetus; 46
zygote; 46
What is the suffix in the term gastritis? -itis gastr/o gas/o -tritis
-itis
Which patient would benefit most from being placed in Fowler's position? A patient with difficulty breathing A patient with bleeding A patient who is resting A patient who is recovering from back surgery
A patient with difficulty breathing
In which phase of meiosis are homologous chromosomes pulled apart? Anaphase of meiosis I Metaphase of meiosis I Metaphase of meiosis II Anaphase of meiosis II
Anaphase of meiosis I
What is an example of a necessary and good positive feedback loop? Contraction of the uterus during childbirth Sweating in hot temperatures Itching induced by an allergen Hiccups
Contraction of the uterus during childbirth.
The eggs are contained in which part of the ovary? Cortex Mesovarium Medulla Tunica albuginea
Cortex
Which imaging procedure produces a two-dimensional view of inside of the body? X-ray CT scan MRI PET scan
X-ray
What is the meaning of the prefix hyper? above normal below normal large difficult
above normal
What type of bond results when electrons are shared by the atoms in the bond? chemical electric covalent ionic
covalent
A patient who needs to have a brain tumor removed will require surgery within the __________ cavity. cranial spinal buccal thoracic
cranial
The failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac before birth is called _________. impotency benign prostatic hyperplasia hydrocele cryptorchidism
cryptorchidism
Which term has a word root that means "red"? erythrocyte hepatomegaly dermatology cyanosis
erythrocyte
If a patient has breath that smells like fruit-flavored chewing gum or nail polish remover, they may have which disease? Hodgkin's disease Yeast infection Diabetes Melanoma
diabetes
What term is used to describe a condition in which the body fails to function normally? disease pathology signs and symptoms remission
disease
The vas deferens joins the seminal vesicle to form the _________. prostate gland epididymis bulbourethral glands ejaculatory duct
ejaculatory duct
Which term has a suffix that means "a recording"? gastrostomy leukopenia electrocardiogram mammography
electrocardiogram
What is the smallest unit that retains the unique chemical properties of that specific type of matter? compound atom element molecule
element
The substances sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), and iron (Fe) are all examples of what? molecules compounds atoms elements
elements
From fertilization until the eighth week of gestation, the developing infant is called a(n) _________. placenta fetus embryo amnion
embryo
What term is used to describe signs and symptoms of a disease that suddenly "flare up"? remission exacerbation relapse syndrome
exacerbation
All of the following elements or compounds are called hydrophilic, or water loving, except: phosphorus oxygen nitrogen fat
fat
Peripheral cyanosis will present as bluish discoloration to which body part? Fingers Mouth Torso Eyes
fingers
When a patient is standing in anatomical position, which directions are the palms of the hands facing? Forward Backward Toward the body Away from the body
foward
The coronal plane divides the body into which sections? Left and right Top and bottom Front and back Medial and lateral
front and back
Which word root means "stomach"? hepat/o gastr/o hemat/o abdomin/o
gastr/o
A patient comes into the emergency department complaining of pubic pain. What body area needs to be assessed? Genitals Wrist Eyes Foot
genitals
The tip of the penis is called the _________. root shaft prepuce glans penis
glans penis
Two or more atoms joined together form a(n) ___________________. molecule ion compound element
molecule
What condition results when endometrial tissue escapes from the uterus and implants within the abdominal and pelvic cavities? Abruptio placentae Dysmenorrhea Vaginitis Endometriosis
Endometriosis
Which body part is the most superficial? Stomach Heart Fingernails Skull
Fingernails
In medical terminology, most of the medical terms are derived from which two languages? Greek and Latin Greek and Hebrew Latin and German German and French
Greek and latin
Which cavity contains the organs of the urinary system? Thoracic cavity Spinal cavity Pelvic cavity Posterior cavity
Pelvic cavity
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections? Transverse plane Median plane Midsagittal plane Coronal plane
Transverse plane
What are the smallest complete particles of elements called? molecules ions compounds atoms
atoms
What is the abbreviation for "give twice a day"? t.i.d. b.i.d. TD npo
b.i.d
What is the word root in the term bradycardia? cardi/o brady -ia car/o
cardi/o
A patient who fell from a second story window and landed on a wrist likely has injuries in the _________ region. axillary patellar carpal cervical
carpal
The lumbar region is located directly superior to the __________ region. hypochondriac iliac umbilical hypogastric
iliac
At what point does a primary follicle become a secondary follicle in a female? After puberty After fertilization Before birth Before puberty
After puberty
What process occurs in the third stage of labor? Dilation of the cervix Delivery of the baby Delivery of the placenta Crowning of the baby's head
Delivery of the placenta
What is the first step in diagnosing a disease? Determining the patient's chief complaint Taking the patient's vital signs Identifying signs and symptoms of a syndrome Having knowledge of a local epidemic
Determining the patient's chief complaint.
What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? Pericardium Intestines Diaphragm Spinal cord
Diaphragm
What is the process of monitoring and maintaining a stable internal environment? Feedback Homeostasis Set point Metabolism
Homeostasis
Which hormone is secreted if pregnancy results from an implanted fertilized egg? Oxytocin Estrogen Human chorionic gonadotropin Prolactin
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Where is milk made in the female breast? In the ampulla In the areola In the alveoli In the lactiferous ducts
In the alveoli
What does mastitis refer to? Tenderness of the breasts during menstruation The inability of the breast to produce milk Breast cancer Inflammation of the breast
Inflammation of the breast
What effect does benign prostatic hyperplasia have on the urinary system? It doesn't allow the bladder to It narrows the urethra. It causes urinary tract infections. It causes semen to backflow into the bladder.
It narrows the urethra.
How does estrogen's feedback to the hypothalamus change when progesterone levels increase? term-26 It stimulates an increase in hormone secretion rather than a decrease. It stimulates release of LH rather than FSH. It stimulates release of FSH rather than LH. It stimulates a decrease in hormone secretion rather than an increase.
It stimulates a decrease in hormone secretion rather than an increase.
Which sequence of sperm development is correct? Primary spermatocytes → secondary spermatocytes → spermatogonia → spermatids → sperm Spermatids → primary spermatocytes → secondary spermatocytes → spermatogonia → sperm Spermatogonia → primary spermatocytes → secondary spermatocytes → spermatids → sperm Primary spermatocytes → secondary spermatocytes → spermatids → spermatogonia → sperm
Spermatogonia → primary spermatocytes → secondary spermatocytes → spermatids → sperm
What hormonal changes occur that signal the beginning of sexual maturity in a male? Testosterone inhibits GnRH secretion. FSH and LH decrease testosterone secretion. Testosterone secretion increases. FSH and LH secretion decreases.
Testosterone secretion increases.
A patient with cystic fibrosis needs respiratory therapy that requires draining excess secretions from the lungs. What position would be most beneficial for this process? Trendelenburg position Prone position Fowler's position Sims' position
Trendelenburg position
Which of the following is defined as a chemical substance that can release hydrogen ions? dissociation electrolyte base acid
acid
Which term has a prefix that means "extremities"? acromegaly macrophage endocarditis hypoglycemic
acromegaly
A condition that exhibits a rapid onset of signs and symptoms is referred to as what? an acute condition a chronic condition a remission a relapse
an acute condition
A disease that occurs suddenly in large numbers in a specific region is called __________. an epidemic endemic a pandemic a prognosis
an epidemic
The study of the internal and external structures of the human body is called __________. anatomy physiology pathophysiology medical terminology
anatomy
A phlebotomist who is trying to draw blood from a patient will likely draw blood from which region? Cervical Antecubital Femoral Plantar
antecubital
A patient needs to have his temperature taken in the axillary region. Where would you place the thermometer? Armpit Mouth Buttocks Knee
armpit
What is the meaning of the prefix in the term pericarditis? around heart inflammation of within
around
The term used to refer to the prevention of pregnancy is _________. contraception amenorrhea tubal ligation impotency
contraception
After a routine exam, the physician tells a patient that the patient has hypertension, abdominal obesity, and low HDL. This patient is at high risk for which condition? heart attack Alzheimer's disease multiple sclerosis tuberculosis
heart attack
Which of the following is a common base that can accept hydrogen ions? sodium hydrochloric acid carbonic acid hydroxide
hydroxide
A hernia in the inguinal region involves protrusion of the __________. liver intestines heart stomach
intestines
What type of bond results when one atom donates electrons to another atom? chemical ionic polar covalent covalent
ionic
Sagittal sections of an organ run parallel to which plane? Horizontal plane Median plane Coronal plane Frontal plane
median plane
All the energy and material transformations that occur within living cells is called __________. metabolism anabolism catabolism growth
metabolism
What is the major system of measurement used in health care? metric system U.S. Customary System English system British Imperial System
metric system
The process of asexual reproduction in the human is called _________ and results in cells with _____ chromosomes. meiosis; 46 mitosis; 23 meiosis; 23 mitosis; 46
mitosis; 46
What term refers to the measure of the number of deaths attributed to a specific disease in a given population over a period of time? mortality morbidity prognosis pandemic
mortality
The term "medial" refers to body parts located where? Near the middle of the body Away from the middle of the body Toward the front of the body Toward the back of the body
near the middle of the body
If a feedback loop opposes the stimulus, it is called a __________ feedback loop. negative positive homeostatic metabolic
negative
What scale is used to measure the concentration or amount of hydrogen and hydroxides? acidic scale Kelvin scale alkaline scale pH scale
pH scale
What type of bond creates a molecule in which one atom has a slightly negative charge while the other has a slightly positive charge? polar covalent ionic chemical electric
polar covalent
Objective, measurable indicators of an illness are called _________. signs symptoms syndromes relapses
signs
Pulse, blood pressure, body temperature, and respiratory rate are referred to as __________. vital symptoms acute signs chronic symptoms vital signs
vital signs
The external genitalia of the female is collectively known as the _________. vulva vestibule mons pubis perineum
vulva
During which stage of the menstrual cycle does the pituitary gland start producing luteinizing hormone? Menstruation Ovulation stage Corpus luteum stage Follicular stage
Ovulation stage
The normal heart rate for an adult is __________ beats per minute. 60-100 70-120 90-170 greater than 165
60-100
Pain caused by appendicitis would most likely be felt in which quadrant? Left lower quadrant Right lower quadrant Right upper quadrant Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulates the secretion of which hormone from the pituitary gland, which then triggers ovulation? Progesterone Follicle-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Estrogen
Luteinizing hormone
What process occurs in the time between ovulation and menses? The endometrium begins to degenerate. The mature egg is released from the ovary. Follicles mature in the ovary. The endometrium begins proliferating
The endometrium begins to degenerate.
Which directional term is used CORRECTLY? The patient had internal injuries to the skin. The patient had a cut so superficial that the bone was exposed. The patient had scratch marks on the posterior side of her leg. The patient had stomach pain in the peripheral part of the body.
The patient had scratch marks on the posterior side of her leg.