Animal Science 101L Exam Questions

nutritionally, what is the biggest difference between beef and beans

beef has more protein

which two animal products were more expensive compared to non animal counter part

beef vs beans and wool vs synthetic

which compartment of the ruminant stomach is the largest a. reticulum b. rumen c. omasum d. abomasum

b. rumen

a steer of 1300 lbs will have about how much ribeye area

14 square inches

F/G is another way of recording or showing what?

Feed efficiency

a rule of thumb to determine amount of feed needed for a mature animal is approximately ___ of body weight in dry matter a. 1% b. 2% c. 3% d. 4%

b. 2%

pork sausage like we will make in lab is an example of which type of sausage a. fresh b. cooked and smoked c. dry or semi dry d. speciality product

a. fresh

in the example rations given for the ruminant nutrition center, approximately what percent of diet is silage? a. less than 10% b. 10-15% c. 15-20%

a. less than 10%

explain how fat thickness is important in determining yield grade

fat thickness at the 12th rib determines Preliminary yield grade. This is the final and most important factor in determining final yield grade

docking tail in pigs prevents what

tail biting

what is used to determine if a ewe is pregnant or not

ultrasound

true or false, lamb yield grades are 1,2,3,4,5

true

average market hog today has 10th rib backfat thickness is closest to how many inches

.7 in

what has the biggest effect on calculating percent lean or percent muscle of a pork carcass

10th rib fat

average lamb dressing percentage is

54%

which food products had cholesterol

all the animal products

explain how weight and muscling work together to affect yield grade

as an animal increases in weight, it is expected to have more muscling (1.1 sq in of ribeye area per 100 lbs). if a steer is lighter muscled than we expect it to have a high yield grade and lower percent of retail cuts.

what factor will affect the yield of lean meat the most

backfat thickness

describe the locations you would look to evaluate fat thickness on steers

brisket, top, tailhead, behind the shoulder, flank, and cod. as these areas get bigger, the fatter the steer is getting. the smoother the steer gets the fatter it becomes

the ideal BCS for cows in terms of efficiency and fertility is closet to a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6

c. 5

which of the following is NOT a term that will be discussed during the dairy tour a. hutch b. mattress c. ADG d. free stall

c. ADG

tilting head, sudden onset of head shyness, quidding and selective eating are all signs of what in horses a. age b. poor feed quality c. a sore mouth

c. a sore mouth

castration of male pigs helps with what? a. poor weight gains b. decrease muscling c. off odors in meat

c. off odors in the meat

which type of milking parlor does the dairy unit have? a. carousel b. herringbone c. parallel d. stanchion and pipeline

c. parallel

which of the following steers would likely have the highest price/cwt a. choice YG 3 b. Choice YG 4 c. prime YG 2 d. select YG 2

c. prime YG 2

the size and the shape of the _____ differ greatly between the cow and the sow, primarily because the sow has litters of pigs a. cervix b. ovaries c. uterine horn d. vagina

c. uterine horn

which of the following are production factors that are important to the profitability of a feedlot a. rate of gain b. carcass comp c. feed efficiency d. all of the above

d. all of the above

which of the following factors are used to calculate a "% muscle" and estimate the yield of lean meat from a market hog a. weight b. backfat thickness c. loin eye area d. all of the above

d. all of the above

which of the following types of microorganisms are involved in the fermentation of feeds a. bacteria b. fungi c. protozoa d. all of the above

d. all of the above

care practices for newborn lambs include a. dip naval in iodine b. evaluate colostrum intake c. move ewe and lamb(s) to jug d. all the above

d. all the above

which livestock industry is AI is used the most

dairy

2 advantages of wool blanket over synthetic blanket

durable, wicks moisture, fire resistant, warmer

what is the most common form of identification in pigs

ear notching

which non animal products was more expensive compared to animal product

egg vs tofu

true or false the impact of various medications on long term health is being researched at RNC currently?

false

true or false, calves are housed in individual huts from birth to approximately 4 month of age]

false

true or false, very few lambs will have a quality grade of choice or higher

false

body condition scoring for cattle range is a. 1-5 b. 1-9 c. 1-10 d. 1-12

b. 1-9

the range of condition score is horses is a. 1-5 b. 1-9 c. 1-10 d. 1-12

b. 1-9

what is the range for body condition score in pigs

1-5

a beef steer has a carcass weight of 850 lbs and a live weight of 1370 lbs. What is its dressing percentage?

62%

Average dressing percentage for market ready steers

64%

which of the following is NOT likely to be apart of a lactating dairy cow ration a. blood meal b. corn silage c. haylage d. cottonseed

a. blood meal

what practice is used to judge interior egg quality

candling

which of the following factors is NOT considered in determining broiler carcass grades

carcass weight

what are the 2 breeds at the SDSU dairy

holstein and brown swiss

factors in grading exterior quality of eggs are designed top reduce the number of eggs with an undesirable exterior appearance and ____

reduce the number of eggs that are likely to crack or break during normal handling

grades for broiler carcasses are

A, B, C

what is not a pork wholesale cut a. American leg b. ham c. loin

American leg

normal range for fat thickness of lamb is closet is a. 0.1 to 0.35 inches b. 0.1 to 0.8 inches c. 0.5 to 1.0 inches

a. 0.1 to 0.35 inches

which of the following is NOT a quality grade for beef a. 3 b. choice c. prime d. select

a. 3

what is the appropriate range for the respiration rate of an adult horse at rest a. 8-15 beats/min b. 15-25 beats/min c. 30-40 beats/min

a. 8-15 beats/min

which type of casings are inedible and removed after smoking, which produces skinless products a. cellulose b. plastic c. natural

a. cellulose

during which phase of production are energy needs the highest a. early lactation b. mid gestation c. post birth

a. early lactation

which of the following structures transports the egg to the uterus a. oviduct b. ovary c. vagina d. urethra

a. oviduct

this is a comparison with a contemporary group (group that has been raised inder the same conditions). it is expressed as. a percent of the average of the entire group a. ratio b. EPD c. index d. reliability

a. ratio

when walking around behind a horse, which of the following is safer a. safer as close to the horse's hind legs as possible, possibly keeping your hand on its rump b. walk 1-2 ft around their quarters and hind legs

a. safer as close to the horse's hind legs as possible, possibly keeping your hand on its rump

which ingredient extracts proteins, thus allowing the meat batter to trap fat and moisture a. salt b. water c. phosphates d. nitrite

a. salt

an ____ is a prediction of how an animals offspring are expected to perform relative to the progeny or offspring of other animals in the same database, which is typically a breed registry a. accuracy b. expected progeny difference c. edited proof of differences d. value index

b. expected progeny difference

which of the following factor is used to determine yield grade in lambs? a. weight b. fat thickness c. rib eye area d. all of the above

b. fat thickness

increasing surface area and providing uniform particle size are two of the function of which processing step a. formulation b. grinding c. mixing d. stuffing

b. grinding

this number is a combination of EPDs and economics, blended to provide an overall impact in profitability a. accuracy b. index c. ratio

b. index

two key aspects that should be observed when evaluating semen are a. motility and movement b. motility and morphology c. size and shape d. shape and % dead

b. motility and morphology

what is the most common way that pork carcasses are priced/valued in today's market a. carcass weight price b. live cash market c. lean value or grid pricing

lean value or grid pricing

what is a major advantage of manure over synthetic fertilizer

manure can be applied whenever whereas fertilizer tends to have set dates for applying

where do you give a pig an injection?

neck muscle

what are the best visuals evaluations of the level of egg production of a hen

pigment loss and molting

the abbreviations PSE, RFN and DFD describe

pork quality

what used the least in determining the value of market hogs

quality grade

USDA quality grade is used to predict what? When evaluating live cattle what factors are used to estimate quality grade

quality grade predicts eating quality or taste of the meat. one of the main factors used to estimate quality grade on live animals is how much external fat they have. if we know about how they have been fed and their genetics background, we can be more accurate in the quality grade estimates

sheep age can be determined by looking at what

size of front teeth

true or false, carcass information is collected on all or nearly all of the cattle fed at the SDSU ruminant nutrition center

true

true or false, ewes carrying multiple fetuses will require a higher level of nutrition during late gestation than ewes carrying singles

true

true or false, on a percentage basis, younger growing animals have higher dietary protein needs than mature animals

true

true or false, percent muscle, percent lean and percent fat free lean are terms that can usually be used interchangeably

true

true or false, sheep have a strong flocking instinct and one individual animal will not want to be separated from the group

true

true or false, using AI is to increase the use of superior genetics

true

true or false, when listening to a horse's gut sounds, the absense of sounds is usually more indicative of a problem than a lot of gurgling sounds

true

the percent yield of boneless, closely trimmed retail cuts is predicted by what

yield grade