AP Biology Unit 1: Chemistry of Life - Nucleic Acids (Practice Quiz)

If pyrimidines could bind to other pyrimidines, and purines could bind to other purines, what would be the impact on the DNA double helix? A. The width of the double helix would vary rather than having a fixed width. B. The phosphodiester bonds would be unable to form C. There would be a reduced requirement for phosphates in nucleotides. D. The DNA backbone would be made of nucleosides. E. The sugar would need to be ribose instead of deoxyribose.

A

In DNA, A pairs with T, and C pairs with G; these are examples of a specific type of reaction called A. complementary base pairing. B. a dehydration reaction. C. a reduction reaction. D. a hydrophobic reaction. E. a purine-purine reaction.

A

Ribose and deoxyribose are both found in nucleic acids. One difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that A. deoxyribose has one less oxygen molecule than ribose. B. ribose has one less oxygen molecule than deoxyribose. C. ribose is a pentose sugar, whereas deoxyribose is a hexose sugar. D. deoxyribose is found in RNA, whereas ribose is found in DNA. E. ribose binds a phosphate at the 3′ position, whereas deoxyribose binds a phosphate at the 2′ position.

A

Single-stranded RNA can fold in on itself, creating three-dimensional structures for the bonding and recognition of other molecules. The folds are stabilized by _______ bonds. A. hydrogen B. ionic C. phosphodiester D. peptide E. glycosidic

A

Two complementary nucleotides are connected by _______ bonds. A. hydrogen B. ionic C. peptide D. phosphodiester E. covalent

A

DNA carries genetic information in its A. helical form. B. sequence of bases. C. tertiary sequence. D. sequence of amino acids. E. phosphate groups.

B

The 5′-carbon of deoxyribose in DNA is attached to A. adenine. B. a phosphate group. C. guanine. D. a pyrimidine. E. hydrogen.

B

The phenomenon of complementary base pairing is based on A. the alternation of sugar-phosphate groups B. the relative sizes of purines and pyrimidines. C. evolutionary relationships. D. the differences found in RNA and DNA. E. All of the above

B

The sides of the "ladder" that makes up a nucleic acid molecule are made of A. nitrogenous bases. B. pentose sugars and phosphate groups. C. purines. D. pyrimidines. E. nucleosides.

B

A nucleotide consists of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a(n) A. lipid. B. acid. C. nitrogen-containing base. D. amino acid. E. glycerol.

C

A nucleotide in DNA is made up of A. four bases. B. a base plus a ribose sugar. C. a base plus a deoxyribose sugar plus phosphate. D. a sugar plus a phosphate. E. a sugar and a base.

C

According to the principle of complementary base pairing, purines always pair with A. deoxyribose sugars. B. uracil. C. pyrimidines. D. adenine. E. guanine.

C

DNA molecules can differ from one another in their A. physical shape. B. function. C. base sequences. D. hydrogen bonds. E. complementary base pairing.

C

If there is an exposed purine during DNA replication, what will be joined to it? A. Any purine B. One specific purine C. One specific pyrimidine D. Any pyramidine E. A phosphate group

C

Nucleotides in RNA are connected to one another in the polynucleotide chain by A. covalent bonds between bases. B. covalent bonds between sugars. C. covalent bonds between sugar and phosphate. D. hydrogen bonds between purines. E. hydrogen bonds between any bases.

C

Which base is not found in DNA? A. Thymine B. Adenine C. Uracil D. Guanine E. Cytosine

C

Cytosine is a pyrimidine that forms three hydrogen bonds. Uracil is also a pyrimidine. Based on this information, one can conclude that uracil forms _______ hydrogen bonds and pairs with _______. A. three; guanine (a two-bond pyrimidine) B. three; adenine (a three-bond purine) C. three; guanine (a three-bond purine) D. two; adenine (a two-bond purine) E. two; thymine (a two-bond pyrimidine)

D

RNA differs from DNA in that RNA A. contains uracil instead of thymine. B. is single-stranded, whereas DNA is double-stranded. C. is an intermediate in information transfer, whereas DNA encodes hereditary information. D. contains ribose, whereas DNA contains deoxyribose E. All of the above

D

The double-helix structure of DNA is the overall result of A. covalent base pairings. B. the covalent bonding of purines and pyrimidines. C. the phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose and phosphate. D. hydrogen bonding of the two complementary polynucleotide strands. E. ionic bonding of base pairs.

D

What is the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand of the DNA molecule 5′-AATGCGA-3′? A. 3′-CCGTTAT-5′ B. 3′-AATGCGA-5′ C. 3′-GGCATAG-5′ D. 3′-TTACGCT-5′ E. 5′-AGCGTAA-3′

D

Which statement about the differences between DNA and RNA is false? A. DNA has thymine, whereas RNA has uracil. B. DNA usually has two polynucleotide strands, whereas RNA usually has one strand. C. DNA has deoxyribose sugar, whereas RNA has ribose sugar. D. DNA is a polymer, whereas RNA is a monomer. E. In DNA, A pairs with T, whereas in RNA, A pairs with U.

D

The four nitrogenous bases of RNA are abbreviated as A. A, G, C, and T. B. A, G, T, and N. C. G, C, U, and N. D. A, G, U, and T. E. A, G, C, and U.

E

Which statement about purines and pyrimidines is true? A. Purines include the bases of cytosine and thymine; pyrimidines include the bases of adenine and guanine. B. Pyrimidines are found in RNA, whereas purines are found in DNA. C. Purines consist of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, whereas pyrimidines have phosphorus, hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. D. Purines have only single bonds in their structure, whereas pyrimidines have both single and double bonds. E. Purines are double-ring structures, whereas pyrimidines are single-ring structures.

E