AP Euro chapter 19
What did the National Assembly not do?
1. abolish private property 2. give women the right to vote
What did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy do?
1. confiscated the lands owned by the RCC 2. decreed that bishops and priests would be elected by the people and paid by the state 3. required the clergy to take a loyalty oath to support the new government
What did the National Assembly reform?
1. created a constitutional monarchy 2. Divided france into 83 departments governed by elected officials 3. established the metric system 4. abolished internal tarrifs 5. abolished guilds
What are the accomplishments of the National Assembly?
1. declaration of rights of man 2. civil constitution of clergy 3. abolish divine right monarchy 4. reform voting
What was different about the republican calendar?
1. removed all christian holidays 2. the month will now be 3, 10 day weeks
When did the French Revolution begin?
1789
What was the population of France during the Old Regime?
27 million
What was the social structure of the Old Regime?
3 estates
Peasants comprised how much of France's population?
4/5th
What was the Continental System?
A French blockade that disallowed any French lands from trading with Britain
What is Napoleon considered?
A child of the enlightenment and the revolution
Who was Olympe de Gouges?
A female journalist who demanded equal rights in her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Female citizen
What is the French Revolution?
A major political and social turning point
What happened at the Bastille?
A mob marched on Bastille looking for guns and prisoners
What was the main reason for Napoleon's quick rise to power?
A series of stunning military victories where he was the underdog, crushed enemies along the way
What was symbolic about the storming of the Bastille?
Act against royal despotism
What does the Declaration of the rights of man say?
All men were born and remain free and equal in rights
What did the French parliament do to Louis XVI?
Assumed the right to approve or disprove the king's decrees
What were Napoleon's 4 reasons for defeat?
Attempting to implement the continental system, naval defeat by British, Nationalism spread accross the countries within his empire, most of the independent states had formed allinaces against him
What was Napoleons final defeat?
Battle of Waterloo
What are the events of the third phase of the FR in order?
Beginning of uprising in Vendee, insurrection leading to arrest of Girondists, Robespierre named to committee on public safty, convention establishes General Maximum on prices/wages, execution of Marie Antoinette, Slavery abolished in french colonies, arrest trial and execution of ulturarevolutionaries, arrest trial and execution of Danton and followers (sans-coulats), Robespierre arrested and his supporters executed, Dircectory takes office
What is Napoleon's domestic policy?
Civil code reaffirmed ideals of the revolution and created a uniform legal system
What are the events of the 2nd phase of the FR in order?
Civil constitution off the clergy, Louis XVI attempt to flee paris, declare war on Austria, Insurrection in paris, massacres in paris, republic established, louis XVI executed
Who made up the first estate?
Clergy
Where was Napoleon born?
Corsica
What worsened the financial crisis in France?
Cost of fighting in the 7 years war and the American Independence war
What did the republic try to do in regards to religion?
De-christianize france
Analysis of these excerpts show that they most directly illustrate which of the following
Debates regarding gender issues during the FR
What are the events of the 1st phase of the FR in order?
Estates general, Third Estate calls itself the national assembly, tennis court oath, ball of the bastille, national assembly - abolishes feudalism, national assembly - decleration of rights of man, womens march to versailles
What is the Corvée?
Forced unpaid labor
Why was France's economy so good in the 50 years before the war?
Foreign trade and industry
What did the Declaration provide for?
Freedom of religion, freedom from arbitrary arrest, freedom of speech and the press, and the right to petition the government
Who was Abbe Sieyes?
French writer that talked about the 3rd Estate being more then just poor people but being citizens of France.
Who was outspoken against Napoleon?
Germaine de stael
What was Napoleon's first assignment?
Go to italy, gather an army, and defeat the Austrians
What lead to the increase in bread prices?
Grain shortage
What happens to Napoleon?
He becomes emperor of France
How did Louis XVI handle Frances debt?
He consumed half the nation's tax revenue
Why was Napoleon disliked?
He was short, spoke with an Italian accent and had little money
What harmed the France's funds?
Helping the Americans
What was the initial economic issue for the French Revolution
Inflation of bread (140%)
What did the Girondins want?
Involve France in a war that would discredit the monarchy
What philosopher is initially for the FR but then changes sides?
Kant
What is the Taille?
Land tax
Who was Tusant?
Liberate slaves
What was the slogan of the French Revolution?
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
What rights were addressed in the Declaration ... man?
Liberty, Property, Security, and resistance to oppression
What did the Cahiers de doleances do?
Made the church pay taxes
How does Napoleon make the bourgeois happy?
Makes it so by law everyone is equal
The image below best reflects which of the following ideas that occurred as a result of the Revolution?
Many people condemned the Revolution because of its disregard for traditional authority
What did the War with Austria do to the population?
Mobilized it, gave it a common enemy, and fueled nationalism
Who were the two groups in the radical phase?
Mountain and Girondins
Which of the two radical groups will win and is more radical?
Mountains
What is the Concordat of 1801?
Napoleon's agreement making peace with the church
Which of the following actions most directly undermines Napoleon's assertions?
Napoleon's curtailment of some rights throughout the continent
Who was the first killed by guillotine?
Nicolas Jacques Pelletier
Who made up the second estate?
Nobles
Who was exempt from paying taxes?
Nobles
What lead to the French Revolution?
Only the poor (3rd estate) pays taxes
What did the Jacobins want?
Overthrow the monarchy and create a republic
What caused peasants to loose Half their income?
Paying feudal dues to nobles, tithes to the church, royal taxes, taille, corvée
What is the second phase of the FR calles?
Radical phase
What was the third phase of the FR called?
Reign of Terror
What did the French Revolution now offer a model for?
Revolutions/political movements
Who was the leader of the Jacobins?
Robespierre
The exclusion of the female gender from the DecRigManC would have been most supported by which of the following thinkers if the Enlightenment?
Rousseau
Which of the following groups was excluded from the ideals set forth in the DecRigManC?
Slaves in Haiti
Where was Napoleon banished to?
St. Helena
What happened at the Tennis Court Oath?
The 3rd Estate was locked out of the National Assembly and went to an open room to write a new constitution.
What are the two main differences between the French and the American revolution?
The Americans would take advantage of not killing and sparing lives, and the French were bad economically while the Americans were fine
This image best represents which of the following events of the French revolutionary period?
The Jacobin response to opposition
Which of the following groups would have been most likely to support Napoleon's views expressed in the excerpt?
The Philosophies of the enlightenment period
What is established with the abolition of the monarchy?
The Republic
What does the Tennis Court Oath mark?
The beginning of the French Revolution
Based on the information in the graph, which of the following was a cause of the FR in 1789?
The economic crisis of the lower class
What was the Napoleonic Code?
The equality of all citizens, religious tolerance, and abolition of feudalism
The patterns shown on the graph above most directly resulted in which of the following?
The first or liberal phase of the FR
Why did Louis call the Estates General?
The imminent threat of bankruptcy
Who made up the 3rd estate?
The peasants
Which of the following actions during the period of the first French Republic best reflects the policies of the Jacobins?
The pursuit of a policy of De-christianization
What happened in Hati when France abolished slavery?
They contacted the British to come and take over so they could keep their slaves
Why did women march on Versailles?
They demanded cheaper bread and insisting that the royal family move back to paris
What happened during the Thermidorian Reaction?
Violence and beheading
What was the Thermidorian Reaction?
Was the end to the Committee of Public Safety and the end to the Terror
What did French laws exclude?
Women from voting and holding office