AP Gov Extreme Final Study Guide (1rst Semester) (Quizzes + Tests)

C. Twenty-Second Amendment

Term limits were placed on the president through the A. Tenth Amendment B. Thirteenth Amendment C. Twenty-Second Amendment D. Twenty-Fifth Amendment

D. Be a compromise between those who wanted a broad-based democracy and those who feared a tyranny of the majority

The Electoral College was adopted to A. Guarantee that the presidency would rotate between the north and the south on a regular basis B. Make the president subservient to the legislative branch C. Ensure that the president always enjoys the support of the majority of voters in the United States D. Be a compromise between those who wanted a broad-based democracy and those who feared a tyranny of the majority

B. Authorization for Use of Military Force Act

The President of the United States has the authority to use military force against terrorists and their associates under the A. Patriot Act B. Authorization for Use of Military Force Act C. War on Terror declaration D. Anwar al-Awlaki Act

C. Concurrent powers

The conflict depicted in the cartoon above is best explained as a result of which of the following political concepts? A. Enumerated powers B. Checks and balances C. Concurrent powers D. Limited government

C. Cooperative federalism

The infographic above best illustrates which of the following concepts? A. Checks and balances B. Separation of powers C. Cooperative federalism D. Dual federalism

C. Speaker of the House

The only leadership position in the House of Representatives is the A. House majority leader B. Majority whip C. Speaker of the House D. House minority leader

B. Nominating justices

The president can check the power of the judicial branch by A. Vetoing judicial decisions B. Nominating justices C. Impeaching justices D. Lowering justices' salaries

D. Executive branch

The president of the United States acts as head of the A. Judicial branch B. Legislative branch C. Congressional branch D. Executive branch

B. Elite democracy

The selection of U.S. senators by the state legislatures prior to the adoption of the Seventeenth Amendment is an example of A. Participatory democracy B. Elite democracy C. Pluralist democracy D. Socialist democracy

D. Using bargaining and persuasion

When the president is trying to get members of congress on both sides of the aisle to support his or her policies and programs through direct appeals like phone calls, the president is A. Going public B. Using the bully pulpit D. Issuing and executive order D. Using bargaining and persuasion

A. Civil law

Cases involving contract violations would fall under the classification of a. Civil law b. Criminal law c. Constitutional law d. Community law

A. Discretionary spending

Defense spending is considered A. Discretionary spending B. Mandatory spending C. An entitlement program D. Deficit spending

A. House minority leader

A Republican member of the House of Representatives who is responsible for the opposition strategy and coordinating party activity in a Democrat-controlled House would be known as the A. House minority leader B. Minority whip C. Speaker of the House D. House majority leader

C. There are many opportunities for citizens to give input and influence policy

A benefit of federalism is that A. There are clear lines of authority and decision making for citizens and institutions B. Policymaking is streamlined and easily accomplished C. There are many opportunities for citizens to give input and influence policy D. The influence of interest groups is limited by the competing levels of government

C. Appeal the case to an appellate court

A case has been heard at the state level, where the defendant was convicted and sentenced for a crime he maintains he did not commit. The defendant and his legal team have decided to continue fighting for justice and will to attempt to a. Get the case heard at a trial court b. Appeal the case to a court with original jurisdiction c. Appeal the case to an appellate court d. Sue the court with original jurisdiction for an unfair trial

B. Original jurisdiction

A court that has the authority to hear a case first has A. An appellate jurisdiction B. Original jurisdiction C. State jurisdiction D. Federal jurisdiction

C. Discharge petition

A motion that is filed by a member of Congress for a bill to be moved out of a committee and onto the floor for consideration is called a A. Veto B. Hold C. Discharge petition D. Filibuster

C. Agree with Alexander Hamilton in Federalist No. 78

A political scientist who believes that judges should be appointed and subject to a confirmation process at the state level instead of being elected would likely A. Disagree with the decision in caperton v. Massey coal co. B. Condemn the opinions of justice Sandra day O'Connor C. Agree with Alexander hamilton in federalist no. 78 D. Support the current processes of judge selection at the state level

A. Alexander Hamilton

A political scientist who believes that the key to a good executive branch leader is energy and the ability to take strong, swift action would likely agree with A. Alexander Hamilton B. Thomas Jefferson C. John Adams D. George Washington

A. Bargaining and persuasion in congress

A president may use the state of the union address as a tool for A. Bargaining and persuasion in congress b. Threatening congress with executive order initiatives c. Getting his proposed budget passed d. Winning re-election

A. Tax

A specific power denied to the national government under the Articles of Confederation was the power to A. Tax B. Declare war C. Create courts to prosecute piracy D. Enter into treaties with foreign nations

C. To uphold the checks and balances of the constitution

According to Alexander Hamilton, why was it necessary to have an independent judicial branch of the government? A. To approve legislation passed by congress B. To keep the actions of the president in line C. To uphold the checks and balances of the Constitution D. To prevent the people from influencing government too much

A. The British taxation of colonists without their representation in Parliament

According to the passage, which of the following actions taken by the British government are the source of contention? A. The British taxation of colonists without their representation in Parliament B. The quartering of British soldiers in colonial homes C. The limitation of colonial expansion in the Proclamation of 1763 D. The abolishment of the colonial courts

B. Intergovernmental grants

According to the pie chart, which of the following is the largest contributor to state revenue? A. Income taxes B. Intergovernmental grants C. Sales taxes D. Miscellaneous taxes

D. State revenue

According to the pie chart, which of the following is the single biggest source of revenue for public schools? A. Federal revenue B. Local revenue C. Property taxes D. State revenue

D. It will be referred to a committee

After a bill has been introduced in either the House of the Senate, what is the next step for the bill? A. It will be vetoed outright B. It will be presented to the president C. It will be sent to the floor to be voted on D. It will be referred to a committee

A. Pluralist democracy

After the 2018 shootings at Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, students started the #NeverAgain movement to address the issues of gun control and violence. Often their goals were contradictory to the goals of the National Rifle Association, a gun rights interest group. Any policy created as a result of the competition between these two groups and reflecting some of the policy goals of both groups would be an example of A. Pluralist democracy B. Elite democracy C. Hyperpluralist democracy D. Participatory democracy

B. Being appointed to serve for life terms

Alexander Hamilton believed that judges could remain independent and uphold liberty and the laws of the constitution by A. Serving short terms of three years B. being appointed to serve for life terms C. Receiving higher pay than the president D. Being held accountable to teh people through elections

D. Well, since the senator has the advantage of name recognition and experience

An incumbent candidate running for Senate, who has a generally positive track record with her constituents and loyal donors contributing to her campaign, has a challenger who is new to politics altogether. How would this incumbent candidate likely fare in the election? A. Poorly, since Americans are often looking for better candidates than career politicians B. Poorly, since the senator has not been in the Senate for that long C. Well, since the senator has more money to campaign than the new candidate D. Well, since the senator has the advantage of name recognition and experience

D. The president would be impeached and removed from office

An investigation by Congress uncovers clear evidence that a president promised donors that he would give them positions in his cabinet in exchange for contributions to his reelection campaign, which violates campaign finance laws. In this situation, the Framers of the Constitution would probably expect which of the following outcomes? A. The president's fate would depend on the party of the president and the majority party in Congress B. The president is immune from criminal prosecution while in office, although he could be prosecuted after leaving office C. The president would be imprisoned without a trial D. The president would be impeached and removed from office

D. A temporary web of influence between policy makers, policy advocates and interest groups to address a specific need

An issue network can be best described as a. The issues that come with the reduced oversight, favorable funding, and lobbying that happen under the iron triangle b. The interconnected policy issues that arise between members of Congress and interest groups wile lobbing for a different set of policies c. A long standing network of federal bureaucrats and interest groups for the purpose of addressing chronic economic and social problems D. A temporary web of influence between policy makers, policy advocates and interest groups to address a specific need

D. The citizens of New York to reject the Constitution

Brutus and all Antifederalists argued for A. The addition of a Bill of Rights to the Constitution B. A rebellion against national authority C. The creation of a theocracy rather than a republic D. The citizens of New York to reject the Constitution

D. A two-thirds vote in both the house and the senate

Congress may override a veto with a. Two-thirds vote in the senate a. A majority vote in both the house and senate c. A majority vote in the house d. A two-thirds vote in both the house and senate

B. Limited government

Critics of electronic surveillance by the government might argue that it violates which of the following aspects of American political culture? A. Popular sovereignty B. Limited government C. Republicanism D. Individualism

C. By threatening to veto a bill before it even comes across his desk

Despite not having the ability to formally introduce and write legislation, how his the president able to influence the legislative process? a. By negotiating treaties with foreign nations b. By issuing a presidential pardon for those who have violated the existing laws c. By threatening to veto a bill before it even comes across his desk d. By refusing to provide records or transcripts to congress

D. The amendment process requires supermajorities in both Congress and among the state legislatures

During a typical congressional session, approximately 200 amendments to the Constitution are proposed. However, the Constitution has been amended only twenty-seven times. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this? A. The Supreme Court has final say over any proposed amendment before it can be ratified B. The amendment process involves all three branches of the national government in order for a new amendment to be ratified C. Amendments must be approved by a national popular vote, with two-thirds in support of the new amendment D. The amendment process requires supermajorities in both Congress and among the state legislatures

B. The U.S. Congress

Federal district courts were established by a. A convention of the states b. The U.S. Congress c. the U.S. Constitution d. The executive branch

C.

Federalist No. 51 argues that "the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then the portion allotted to each is subdivided among distinct and separate departments." Which of the following pairs best summarizes these two points of the Federalists' argument? A. B. C. D.

D. An activist justice

Given teh decisions made by Chief Justice John Marshall during his time on the Supreme Court, he would be characterized as a. A tyrannical justice b. A lame duck justice c. Exercising judicial restraint d. An activist justice

D. By imprisoning him without notifying him of his crimes or due process.

How did President Bush violate the rights of Yaser Hamadi in 2001? A. By imprisoning him without just cause, violating his First Amendment rights. B. By arresting him without reading him his Miranda rights. C. By declaring that he was no longer a U.S. citizen before his imprisonment. d. By imprisoning him without notifying him of his crimes or due process.

C. By appealing to the looming threat of terrorism against Americans, the president implemented policies and measures without the approval of Congress to combat those threats.

How did the War on Terror expand the power of the executive branch? A. By establishing a prison on Guantanamo Bay, the president could use any method of torture against suspected terrorists. B. The advent of drone technology allowed the president to quickly and quietly kill American citizens who were suspected of aiding terrorists. C. By appealing to the looming threat of terrorism against Americans, the president implemented policies and measures without the approval of Congress to combat those threats. D. The Declaration of War on Terror by the president shifted the authority to declare war from Congress to the executive branch.

B. By setting the size of the summer court

How does congress check the power of the Supreme Court? a. By nominating justices to the supreme court b. By setting the size of the supreme court c. By overturning decisions made at the supreme court d. By determining if a decision made by the court is constitutional

A. The senate must approve the cabinet secretaries nominated by the president

How does congress check the power of the president when it comes to the federal bureaucracy? A. The senate must approve the cabinet secretaries nominated by the president B. The House of Representatives must agree on who to appoint as an advisor to the president C. The senate appoints and the house approves the embers of the president's cabinet d. The House of Representatives must confirm the cabinet members nominated by the president

A. The merit system ensures that only those who are qualified for a position are hired or promoted, whereas the political patronage system allows for hiring and promotion based on political support

How does the merit system established by the Pendleton act differ from the political patronage system used by Andrew Jackson? A. The merit system ensures that only those who are qualified for a position are hired or promoted, whereas the political patronage system allows for hiring and promotion based on political support The merit system encourages presidents to appoint those who supported them to cabinet positions, whereas the political patronage system incentivized hiring someone from the opposing party c. The merit system makes it difficult for a president to get a nominee for a cabinet position through the senate, whereas the political patronage system makes it easier for a nominee to pass in the senate. D. The merit system rewards those who donated the most money to a presidential campaign, whereas the political patronage system rewards those who have the proper qualifications and experience.

A. State judges are elected by the citizens of that state, while federal judges are appointed by the president

How does the process of selecting federal judges compare to the process of selecting state judges? A. State judges are elected by the citizens of that state, while federal judges are appointed by the president B. State judges are generally appointed by state governors, while federal judges are appointed by the president C. State judges are appointed by the president, while federal judges are elected by American citizens D. State judges and federal judges are both elected directly by American citizens, but federal judges serve longer terms

A. The representation in the Senate is the same for each state regardless of population, while the number of representatives in the House of Representatives depends on a state's population

How does the style of representation in the House of Representatives differ from representation in the Senate? A. The representation in the Senate is the same for each state regardless of population, while the number of representatives in the House of Representatives depends on a state's population B. Each state is granted an equal number of representatives in the House of Representatives, while representation in the Senate is proportional to a state's population C. Representatives serving in the Senate are often subject to the whims of their constituents more so than those who are serving in the House of Representatives D. Those who serve in the House of Representatives have less power to influence legislation that benefits their state compared to those in the Senate

A. By appointing members of the bureaucracy

How is the president able to influence the federal bureaucracy? a. By appointing members of the bureaucracy b. By confirming appointments made by congress c. By approving the proposed budget d. By determining how a policy should be implemented

A. A majority in the house and two-thirds vote in the senate

How many votes are necessary for the whole impeachment process in congress? a. A majority in the house and two-there's in the senate b. A unanimous vote in the house and two-thirds vote in the senate c. A two-thirds vote in the house and a majority in the senate d. A unanimous vote in both the house and the senate

B. By contacting their representatives and pressuring them to introduce such legislation

How would an average American citizen get a bill introduced in Congress that would require public schools to provide before- and after-school daycare? A. By calling for a convention of the states to vote on the legislation B. By contacting their representatives and pressuring them to introduce such legislation C. By appealing to Congress directly and introducing the bill themselves D. By utilizing social media to bring attention to the issue

A. A filibuster

In 2013, Texas Senator Ted Cruz gave a 21-hour speech that interfered with a planned vote on healthcare reforms, which would be considered A. A filibuster B. Cloture C. A hold D. A discharge petition

D. The winner-take-all system that is used by most states in the Electoral College

In 2016, Donald Trump won the presidential election despite the fact that his opponent, Hillary Clinton, won more popular votes on election day than he did. This situation is the result of A. A Supreme Court decision that awarded Trump the presidency due to campaign violations by Clinton B. A high number of ballots being ruled invalid, which gave Trump the lead in the popular vote after a recount C. The Three-Fifths Compromise, which established rules for representation D. The winner-take-all system that is used by most states in the Electoral College

C. A senate confirmation process

In 2018, Brett kavanaugh was selected to serve as a justice on the United States supreme our through which process? A. Election by American citizens B. Direct appointment by the president C. Senate confirmation process D. Selection via current Supreme Court justices

A. An executive order

In 2018, President Donald Trump made a unilateral decision without congressional approval that banned a firearm accessory known as a bump stock via a. An executive order b. An executive agreement c. A presidential pardon d. Executive privilege

C. Republicanism

In Federalist No. 10, James Madison wrote that "If a faction consists of less than a majority, relief is supplied by the... principle which enables the majority to defeat its sinister view by regular vote." This is an example of A. Federalism B. Checks and balances C. Republicanism D. Social contract

A. Did not expect the president to be an expert in all areas of social, economic, or military matters

In authorizing the president to establish executive departments and seek the advice of the heads of those departments, the founding fathers a. Did not expect the president to be an expert in all areas of social, economic, or military matters B. Intentionally gave the executive branch more power than all the other branches of government c. Anticipated that the president would require hundreds of advisors to run the country properly d. Essentially established an authoritarian government under teh guise of a federal republic

B. Natural rights

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson wrote that all men have "certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness." These rights are an example of A. Popular sovereignty B. Natural rights C. Republicanism D. The social contract

C. Exercise judicial review

In the context of the checks and balances system, which of the following is a check the judicial branch can exercise over the executive and legislative branches? A. Bring articles of impeachment B. Override a presidential veto C. Exercise judicial review D. Veto legislation

A. States could sue the administration

In the summer of 2018, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under President Donald Trump announced that it was eliminating a waiver that California and many other states had received to set their own tailpipe emission standards for automobile pollution. How might states that want to continue to set their own tailpipe emission standards prevent the Trump administration from revoking their right to do so? A. States could sue the administration B. States could legally ignore any new rule issued regarding tailpipe emissions C. States could amend the Constitution to allocate the power to set tailpipe emission standards to state governments D. States could initiate impeachment proceedings against President Trump

D. The judicial branch

In times of military or economic crisis in America, as the president seeks to expand executive authority, which entity has the most effective check on the executive branch? A. The legislative branch B. The American people C. Special interest groups D. The judicial branch

D. Created a large republic, which would prevent any single faction from causing trouble

James Madison argued in Federalist No. 10 that the Constitution would protect against the "mischiefs of faction" because the Constitution A. Created public financing for electoral campaigns, which would reduce the influence that factions could exert in politics B. Limited the influence of factions by giving interest groups created by the government preferential status C. Made it nearly impossible for factions to form due to significant limits on civil liberties D. Created a large republic, which would prevent any single faction from causing trouble

B. Criminal laws

Laws that cover actions determined to harm the community are known as a. Civil laws b. Criminal laws c. Federal laws d. State laws

D. They did not want laws to be passed based on the populace's fleeting desires

Most of the bills that are introduced in Congress fail. Why did the framers of the Constitution make the legislative process considerably complicated? A. They did not believe Congress would feel the need to add any more laws B. They did not rust those in power to make laws in good faith C. They did not want it to be easy to make changes to the Constitution D. They did not want laws to be passed based on the populaces fleeting desires

C. Going public

President Donald trump is well known for his frequent and sometimes tactless use of social media platform, twitter. President trump's announcements of policy initiatives and plans on twitter is an example of A. Desperation for public approval B. Bargaining and persuasion C. Going public D. A violation of the conduct of the president

D. Part of the federal civil service

Someone taht is appointed to teh department of education based on their extensive experience as an educator and their unique success with implementing new methods of teaching would be a. Taking advantage of the political patronage system b. In violation of the Pendleton act of 1883 c. Unfairly utilizing personal connections d. Pat of the federal civil service

B. Give states greater flexibility in using the funds than categorical grants do

States generally prefer block grants over categorical grants because block grants A. Are more targeted to specific state needs than categorical grants are B. Give states greater flexibility in using the funds than categorical grants do C. Are more focused on social issues than categorical grants are D. Give the states more money than categorical grants do

C. Dies and does not become law

Suppose Congress presents a bill to the president that would limit the rights of Americans to speak freely. The president vetoes the bill and upon reconsideration, the bill fails in a vote to override the veto. In this case, the bill A. Is sent back to a subcommittee to be updated B. Becomes law and must be enforced by the president C. Dies and does not become law D. Is referred to the Supreme Court to be decided upon

A. Receiving the proper funding to implement the policy

Suppose a group of congress members have successfully passed a new bill that would improve the interstate highway system to make it safer and more efficient for drivers. Once the president has signed the bill into law, the next hurdle for the policy would be a. Receiving the proper funding to implement the policy b. Determining how effective the new policy is c. Implementation by beginning work on construction d. Terminating the policy due to lack of necessity

A. First amendment

Suppose a law has been passed that censors certain political viewpoints on social medical sites. A judge who is exercising judicial review might rule that such a law is unconstitutional as it violates the a. First amendment b. Fourth amendment c. Sixth amendment d. Tenth amendment

D. Oversight

Suppose a member of Congress is part of a committee that ensures funds are being spent efficiently and elected officials are acting in accordance with the law. This member of Congress is participating in A. Securing earmarks B. Logrolling C. Pork barrel spending D. Oversight

A. An oversight committee

Suppose a member of congress is part of a committee in which she reviews the actions of the president's cabinet departments to make sure the funds that were granted the year before are being used properly and the goals of each policy are on track to being achieved. This member off congress is part of a. An oversight committee b. A controlling committee C. an implementation committee d. A regulatory committee

D. Majority whip

Suppose a member of the House of Representatives has spent the past week discussing upcoming legislation with other members of the House and has been working hard to convince members to vote in favor of the legislation. This person would be considered the A. Speaker of the House B. House majority leader C. House minority leader D. Majority whip

A. A conference committee

Suppose a new bill has been introduced that would make changes to existing education policies and roll back the federal government's involvement in public education. Which type of committee should be established to work out the different versions of the bill from the House and Senate? A. A conference committee B. A joint committee C. A standing committee D. A select committee

B. Political patronage

Suppose a president who has just been elected to office is deciding who to appoint to a cabinet position and decides to nominate several of the people who had worked on his campaign. This is an example of a. Merit based appointment b. Political patronage c. Bureaucratic corruption d. Standard nomination procedure

D. Within the first six months of their election

Suppose a presidential candidate is running for the first time on a platform that includes promises of sweeping healthcare reform and the public is generally in favor of the proposed ideas. If the candidate wins the election, when should they try to pass healthcare reform legislation? A. Following the midterm elections halfway through their term B. Towards the end of their term C. At the beginning of f their second term D. Within the first six months of their election

B. Using the iron triangle

Suppose an interest group that advocates for accessible and affordable health care is lobbying members of congress on behalf of the department of health and human services to secure additional funding to develop a public health campaign to increase awareness about changes to the affordable care act. These groups are engaged in which activity? a. Developing propaganda b. Using the iron triangle c. Providing campaign support d. Using political patronage

C. Bureaucratic discretion

Suppose congress has just passed a new law that would impose additional standards on public schools for receiving state funding. The department of education needs time to determine how the new standards will be applied to public schools, which is an example of a. Implementation b. regulation c. Bureaucratic discretion d. Bureaucratic adjudication

C. The house of representatives

Suppose it is 2024 and none of the candidates for president have received the majority of votes in the electoral college. Which body of government will determine the outcome of the election? a. The senate b. The supreme court c. The house of representatives d. The American people

B. Brutus

Suppose it is in the 170s. You have been reading all about the newly-proposed constitution and are skeptical about the establishment of a federal judiciary, which do you think would diminish the rights of states and individuals. To this end, you mostly agree with the writings of a. Alexander hamilton b. Brutus c. John Marshall d. John Adams

A. The policy would be terminated

Suppose state legislatures and the federal courts reviewed a policy that restricted the sale and use of firearms. Which result would likely occur if they found that the policy was failing to lower violent crime rates as congress staged it would? a. The policy would be terminated b. The policy would be sent back to the regulation state c. The policy would be implemented differently d. The policy would receive additional funding

A. Congress

Suppose that the slow government response following an earthquake in california crates a harsh public outcry. In response, the president promises to allocate more resources to FEMA so that such a situation does not occur again. Who would the president have to persuade in order to see this promise fulfilled? A. Congress b. The senate majority leader c. The secretary of homeland security d. the Chief Justice of the supreme court

C. Standing committee

The Agriculture Committee in the House is a permanent committee that develops legislation regarding agriculture, food, an rural development. The Agriculture Committee is an example of which type of committee? A. Joint committee B. Conference committee C. Standing committee D. Select committee

A. Popular sovereignty

The Declaration of Independence is the basis for which of the following principles of American government? A. Popular sovereignty B. Checks and balances C. Federalism D. Separation of powers

A. Garner support from Southern delegates at the Constitutional Convention

The Framers adopted the Three-Fifths Compromise in order to A. Garner support from Southern delegates at the Constitutional Convention B. End the disagreement over how state representation would be determined C. Limit the power of Congress to tax exports D. Ensure that some powers remained in the hands of the states

A. Required congressional districts to have roughly the same number of constituents

The Supreme Court's decision in Baker v. Carr A. Required congressional districts to have roughly the same number of constituents B. Outlawed the practice of partisan gerrymandering C. Set the cap to the number of members of the House of Representatives at 435 D. Established the principle of "one person, one vote"

D. Is too large to govern as a single entity

The author of Brutus No. 1 wrote that "a free republic cannot succeed over a country of such immense extent." This quote argues that the United States A. Should be broken into smaller countries B. Is destined to expand C. Should adopt a unitary form of government D. Is too large to govern as a single entity

D. enumerated powers

The authority of the president to act as commander in chief of the United States Army is an example of the president's a. Executive overreach b. Implied powers c. Informal powers d. Enumerated powers

B. Representing all citizens equally regardless of where they live

The excerpt argues that the United States has a fundamental problem in A. Protecting the rights of minority citizens B. Representing all citizens equally regardless of where they live C. Ensuring that all citizens have the right to vote for their representatives D. Deciding how to allocate representation in the legislature

A. Review and potentially revise or overturn the decision made by a lower court

The function of an appellate court is to a. Review and potentially revise or overturn the decision made by a lower court b. Hear the facts and determine an outcome on a case for the first time c. Review a decision made by a lower court and send it back to the lower court if an error is found d. Overturn the decision made by a lower court after reviewing the facts of the case

D. Marbury v. Madison

The principle of judicial review was for all established in a. The judiciary act of 1801 b. The judiciary act of 179 c. Federalist no. 78 d. Marbury v. Madison

C. Apportionment

The process of deciding on the number of representatives each state gets based on most recent census data is known as A. Gerrymandering B. Redistricting C. Apportionment D. Partisan gerrymandering

A. Justices should overturn legislation when necessary

Those in favor of judicial activism believe that a. Justices should overturn legislation when necessary B. Justices should use caution when overturning laws c. Judicial review should be seldomly used d. Judicial review presents a danger to democracy

C. Impeach the president or any other civil officer of the united states

Treason and bribery are considered valid reasons for congress to a. Refuse to ratify a treaty with a foreign nation b. Declare war on another nation c. Impeach the president or any other civil officer of the united states d. Override a presidential veto

C. A trial is held in the Senate to convict or acquit the accused official

What happens after articles of impeachment have been successfully passed in the House of Representatives? A. The case moves to the Supreme Court, where a criminal trial is held B. The trail takes place in a joint session of the House of Representatives and the Senate C. A trail is held in the Senate to convict or acquit the accused official D. A vote is held at the national level for the people to decide to convict

D. An official who is employed within an executive department or agency

What is a bureaucrat? a. Another word for a member of congress who has served several terms b. Someone who has made a career our of being in the government c. A corrupt member of the government who pushes for their own interests d. An official who is employed within n executive department or agency

D. The total amount of money owed by the federal government

What is national debt? A. The total amount of debt in the entire world B. The amount of money left over when the government takes more than it spends C. The shortfall when a government spends more than it takes in D. The total amount of money owed by the federal government

D. To raise money for candidates running for the House of Representatives

What is the main function of a political action committee? A. To convince members of the House of Representatives to vote a certain way on legislation B. To lead the majority party in the House of Representatives C. To inspire the majority party in the House of Representatives to take action against legislation D. To raise money for candidates running for the House of Representatives

D. To ensure that executive agencies are using their funds and exercising their authority properly

What is the main function of the government accountability office(GAO)? a. To hold the president accountable when appointing cabinet secretaries b. To make sure that bureaucracies are not involved with special interest groups c. To keep the federal bureaucracy accountable to the American people d. To ensure that executive agencies are using their funds and exercising their authority

C. Ensuring the departments are properly executing laws and politics

What is the main function of the president in relation to the executive branch bureaucracy? A. Allocating funds to each department and subunit to further the agenda b. Confirming the members appointed to each department by the senate c. Ensuring the departments are properly executing laws and policies d. Managing the various people and programs within the bureaucracy

D. To establish the judicial branch

What is the main purpose of article III of the United States constitution? A. To establish the principle of judicial review B. To specify the number of Supreme Court justices C. To create a system of state courts D. To establish the judicial branch

D. To uphold the laws of the constitution

What is the primary function of the Supreme Court of the United States? A. To levy taxes on American citizens to fund programs B. To veto legislation that violates the constitution C. To execute the laws passed by the executive branch D. To uphold the laws of the constitution

D. Implementing laws passed by congress

What is the primary function of the federal bureaucracy? a. Voting in favor of anew bill to become law b. Signing new legislation into law c. Introducing new legislation into congress d. Implementing laws passed by congress

C. To restrict the president's ability to maintain troops in combat

What is the primary purpose of the War Powers Resolution? a. To grant the president the power to declare war b. To restrict the ability of congress to declare war c. To restrict the president's ability to maintain troops in combat d. To prevent the president from commanding troops in wartime

C. To implement regulations and standards that Americans must follow or comply with the law

What is the purpose of federal bureaucrats? a. To propose legislation to congress that would benefit a certain interest or group b. To pressure members of congress to pass certain legislation to serve their interests c. To implement regulations and standards that Americans must follows to comply with the law d. To determine whether or not a law passed by congress violates the rights of Americans

A. to guarantee the right to a jury trial in all federal criminal cases

What is the purpose of the sixth amendment? a. To guarantee the right to a jury trial in all federal criminal cases B. to protect Americans from unlawful search and seizure c. To guarantee the right to a trial by jury in federal civil cases d. To protect the rights of Americans to speak freely

B. To establish the line of succession should a president become incapacitated

What is the purpose of the twenty-fifth amendment? A. to establish the rules of voting for a vice president b. To establish the line of succession should a president become incapacitated c. To abolish the practice of slavery in america d. To set term limits for the presidency

A. United States v. Nixon

What precedent would a president be able to cite if they were faced with Congressional demands to release recorded phone calls, transcripts, or records and did not want to hand them over to Congress? a. United States vs. Nixon b. Executive order 9066 c. Federalist no. 70 d. The twenty-second amendment

C. To enforce rules on hiring and promoting members of the civil service based on merit

What was the primary function of the Pendleton act of 1883 a. To remove all qualifications for persons appointed by the president to cabinet positions b. To establish the department of homeland security in response to growing threats to national security C. To enforce rules on hiring and promoting members of the civil service based on merit D. To divide executive departments into areas that required extensive expertise and those that did not

B. Commander in chief

When President Bush mobilized reserve troops to fight against the terrorist threat in Afghanistan in 2001, he was acting as a. Chief executive b. Commander in chief c. Chief diplomat d. Legislative leader

C. The House of Representatives

Which body of government has the authority to introduce bills? A. The executive branch B. A convention of states C. The House of Representatives D. The Supreme Court

D. Department of state

Which cabinet department established by George washington is still in place today> a. Department of commerce b. Department of agriculture c. Department of interior d. Department of state

D. Please v. Ferguson

Which case is an example of the Supreme Court exercising judicial restraint? a. Brown v. Board of education b. Marbury v. Madison c. Worcester v. Georgia d. Please v. Ferguson

C. That the president can act alone

Which characteristic of the executive branch allows the president to act quickly and decisively in an emergency? A. That it is checked by the legislative branch B. That it is checked by the judicial branch C. That the president can act alone D. That the executive is given broad authority in the constitution

C. The successful assassination of osama bin laden

Which event during President Obama's time in office would have resulted in an increase in overall public approval? A. The release of suspected terrorists from Guantanamo bay B. The discovery of data-mining programs used by the national security administration C. The successful assassination of osama bin laden D. The rollout of the affordable care act

A. The council of economic advisers

Which group is part of the executive office of the president? A. The council of economic advisers b. The vice president c. Senior White House leadership d. The first spouse

D. The refusal of congress to approve funding for a border wall proposed by president trump

Which is an example of congress checking the power of the president? a. The proposal of legislation to expand the number of justices on the supreme court b the allowance of President Obama to establish the national security administration c. The implementation of the affordable care act as envisioned by president Obama d. The refusal of congress to approve funding for a border wall proposed by president trump

B. President Barack Obama's veto of the construction of keystone XL pipeline

Which is an example of the president checking the power of the legislative branch? A. President Donald trump's appointment of Brett kavanaugh to the Supreme Court B. President Barack Obama's veto of the construction of keystone xl pipeline C. President bush's declaration of war on terrorists in Afghanistan D. President Clinton's avoidance of impeachment in 1998

C. Reducing the benefits paid to current recipients

Which measure has been proposed as a way to alleviate the shortfall in paying out Social Secu

A. A coordinated and mutually beneficial effort between the bureaucracy, congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals

Which of the following best describes the function of the iron triangle? A. A coordinated and mutually beneficial effort between the bureaucracy, congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals b. A network of influence between interest groups, policy makers, and policy advocates to address specific issues c. A group of interconnected interest groups and bureaucracies that advocate for the passage of legislation that will benefit defense and military contracting d. A network of foreign government that are coordinated in their efforts to block the spread of communism in developing nations

C. Ensuring that federal workers cannot become overly partisan by engaging in politics

Which of the following describes the purpose of the hatch act? a. Prohibiting any federal worker from voting in any presidential election b. Restricting the amount of money that a federal workers can donate to a campaign c. Ensuring that federal workers cannot become overly partisan by engaging in politic d. Permitting federal workers to fun for office while they serve in the government

A. Citizens have several avenues to become involved in the government and influence policy

Which of the following is a benefit federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances? A. Citizens have several avenues to become involved in the government and influence policy B. Gridlock has become commonplace in the policymaking process in the United States C. These principles have prevented the United States from developing into a functional participatory democracy D. Interest group influence on the policymaking process has decreased over time

B.

Which of the following pairs correctly states an enumerated and an implied power of Congress? A. B. C. D.

A.

Which of the following pairs is a correct statement of powers in the system of checks and balances? A. B. C. D.

D.

Which of the following pairs is correct regarding representation as created by the Great (Connecticut) Compromise? A. B. C. D.

A. A civil rights group sues a state to challenge a state law that separate boys and girls in science and math classes

Which of the following scenarios best represents how the Fourteenth Amendment can be used to limit state power? A. A civil rights group sues a state to challenge a state law that separate boys and girls in science and math classes B. The president issues an executive order requiring states to provide National Guard troops to patrol the Mexican border C. Congress requires states to report on the number of Medicaid recipients by gender D. Congress requires all states to offer job training to welfare recipients

A. National laws regarding marijuana supersede state laws

Which of the following statements best reflects the cartoonist's point of view? A. National laws regarding marijuana supersede state laws B. The national government should legalize marijuana C. The national government will continue to look the other way in regards to marijuana laws D. The Attorney General is in charge of state law enforcement

C. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the right to vote was expanded to more citizens in the United States

Which of the following statements would support the assertion that the United States is a participatory democracy? A. The sheer number of interest groups in the United States has significantly slowed the legislative process B. Most political candidates accept contributions from political action committees and interest groups C. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the right to vote was expanded to more citizens in the United States D. A college education has become an informal qualification for holding national office

D. To create a process to gain citizenship

Which of the following would be an exclusive power of the federal government, according to the infographic? A. To oversee elections for public office B. To approve the amendments C. To establish a 911 service D. To create a process to gain citizenship

B. A member of the department of homeland security

Which position would be considered part of the federal bureaucracy? a. An aide to a member of the house of representatives b. A member of the department of homeland security c. A policy advisor to a member of congress d. A clerk for a justice on the United States Supreme Court

D. The process of impeachment

Which process acts as a check by the legislative branch on the executive branch? A. The process of nominating federal judges B. The process of determining if a law is constitutional C. The process of granting earmarks D. The process of impeachment

B. The president acts as commander in chief of the army, while congress may declare war

Which process demonstrates the balance of power and the ability of the executive branch to check the legislative branch, and vice-versa? a. the president has the authority to confirm federal judges that are appointed by the senate B. The president acts as commander in chief of the army, while congress may declare war c. The president may introduce legislation that congress may reject by way of veto d. The president passes the annual budget that is submitted to him by congress

A. Congress

Who has control over how much money each bureaucratic department, bureau, and agency can have? a. Congress b. The supreme court c. The American people d. The president

C. The president's appointment is usually for a life term and gives the president a chance to have a lasting impact on American judicial system.

Why is it important for a president to choose a nominee for a federal judge position who is aligned with the president's own values with regards to upholding the constitution? a. The president will only get one federal judge appointment per term, and he must make the best decision b. The president knows that the appointment will reflect poorly on him if he chooses a nominee from the opposite party c. The president's appointment is usually for a life term and gives the president a chance to have a lasting impact on the American judicial system. D. The president's nominee will usually endorse the president for a second term, so the president must choose a like-minded judge.

a. To reinforce a previous decision that can be applied as precedent in future cases

Why might the Supreme Court invoke stare decisis? A. To reinforce a previous decision that can be applied as precedent in future cases b. To send a message to the lower courts to stop bringing frivolous lawsuits to the supreme court c. To overturn a previous decision and establish precedent that can be applied to future cases d. To assert its power over cases involving states and foreign nations

B. Antifederalists feared that a federal judiciary would impose the personal views of justices to decide what was constitutional

Why were antifederalists opposed to a federal judiciary? a. Antifederalists believed that a federal judiciary would eventually expand the authority of congress b. Antifederalists feared that a federal Judiciary would impose the personal views of justices to decide what was constitutional c. Antifederalists were concerned that a federal judiciary would not be able to effectively check the powers of the other branches of government d. Antifederalists did not think that a federal judiciary would only benefit the wealthy elites in America

A. Jefferson's political views clashed with Adams', and he likely wanted to appoint judges who he believed would uphold the constitution instead of working to expand the government.

Why would Thomas Jefferson have wanted to reject the federal judicial appointments made by John Adams? A. Jefferson's political views clashed with Adams', and he likely wanted to appoint judges who he believed would uphold the constitution instead of working to expand the government. B. Jefferson did not think it was fair that Adams made the federal appointments at the end of his term and wanted to get the chance to appoint his own C. Jefferson knew Adams was acting nefariously and thought the appointments made by Adams were crooks and would not uphold the constitution properly d. Jefferson believed Adams had acted in violation of article III of the constitution, and he wanted nothing to do with the appointments involved in that violation