APCS1 Midterm
Each student that enrolls at a school is assigned a unique ID number, which is stored as a binary number. The ID numbers increase sequentially by 1 with each newly enrolled student. If the ID number assigned to the last student who enrolled was the binary number 1001 0011, what binary number will be assigned to the next student who enrolls?
1001 0100
An office uses an application to assign work to its staff members. The application uses a binary sequence to represent each of 100 staff members. What is the minimum number of bits needed to assign a unique bit sequence to each staff member?
7
A person wants to transmit an audio file from a device to a second device. Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the use of lossless compression of the original file?
A device compresses the audio file before transmitting it to a second device. The second device restores the compressed file to its original version before playing it.
A list of binary values (0 or 1) is used to represent a black-and-white image. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be stored as metadata associated with the image?
A duplicate copy of the data
Which of the following best explains what happens when a new device is connected to the Internet?
An Internet Protocol (IP) address is assigned to the device
A digital photo file contains data representing the level of red, green, and blue for each pixel in the photo. The file also contains metadata that describes the date and geographic location where the photo was taken. For which of the following goals would analyzing the metadata be more appropriate than analyzing the data?
B Determining the likelihood that the photo was taken at a particular public event
Which of the following is a true statement about Internet communication?
Every device connected to the Internet is assigned an Internet protocol (IP) address.
A video game character can face toward one of four directions: north, south, east, and west. Each direction is stored in memory as a sequence of four bits. A new version of the game is created in which the character can face toward one of eight directions, adding northwest, northeast, southwest, and southeast to the original four possibilities. Which of the following statements is true about how the eight directions must be stored in memory?
Four bits are enough to store the eight directions.
Which of the following statements correctly explain how the Internet is able to facilitate communication at a large scale? 1. A central monitoring computer is used to track and maintain the connections of the Internet. 2. Data is routed between points in multiple ways so that if a connection fails, the data can be rerouted around the inoperative connections. 3. Protocols for packets and routing are used so that computers from different manufacturers can communicate in a standard way
II and III only
ASCII is a character-encoding scheme that uses 7 bits to represent each character. The decimal (base 10) values 65 through 90 represent the capital letters A through Z, as shown in the table below. What ASCII character is represented by the binary (base 2) number 1001010?
J
Which of the following is a primary reason for the use of open protocols on the Internet?
Open protocols provide a way to standardize data transmission between different devices.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet
The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed via a network called the Internet
Which of the following is a characteristic of the fault-tolerant nature of routing on the Internet?
The ability to use a hierarchical naming system to avoid naming conflicts
A user enters a Web address in a browser, and a request for a file is sent to a Web server. Which of the following best describes how the file is sent to the user?
The file is broken into packets for transmission. The packets must be reassembled upon receipt
Which of the following best explains how messages are typically transmitted over the Internet?
The message is broken into packets. The packets can be received in any order and still be reassembled by the recipient's device
A cable television company stores information about movie purchases made by subscribers. Each day, the following information is summarized and stored in a publicly available database. • The day and date each movie was purchased • The title of each movie purchased • The cities where subscribers purchased each movie • The number of times each movie was purchased by subscribers in a given city A sample portion of the database is shown below. The database is sorted by date and movie title. Which of the following CANNOT be determined using only the information in the database?
The number of movies purchased by an individual subscriber for a particular month
A student is recording a song on her computer. When the recording is finished, she saves a copy on her computer. The student notices that the saved copy is of lower sound quality than the original recording. Which of the following could be a possible explanation for the difference in sound quality?
The song was saved using fewer bits per second than the original song
The transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP) are used in Internet communication. Which of the following best describes the purpose of these protocols?
To establish a common standard for sending messages between devices on the Internet
A media librarian at a movie studio is planning to save digital video files for archival purposes. The movie studio would like to be able to access full-quality videos if they are needed for future projects. Which of the following actions is LEAST likely to support the studio's goal?
Using lossy compression software to reduce the size requirements of the data being stored
An Internet service provider (ISP) is considering an update to its servers that would save copies of the Web pages most frequently visited by each user. Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur as a result of the update?
Web sites that are not visited frequently might no longer be accessible to users.
Which of the following is an advantage of a lossless compression algorithm over a lossy compression algorithm?
A lossless compression algorithm can guarantee reconstruction of original data, while a lossy compression algorithm cannot
A user wants to save a data file on an online storage site. The user wants to reduce the size of the file, if possible, and wants to be able to completely restore the file to its original version. Which of the following actions best supports the user's needs?
Compressing the file using a lossless compression algorithm before uploading it
Consider the following numeric values. • Binary 1011 • Binary 1101 • Decimal 5 • Decimal 12 Which of the following lists the values in order from least to greatest?
Decimal 5, binary 1011, decimal 12, binary 1101
Which of the following best describes the role of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) ?
Developing standards and protocols for Internet communication
Biologists often attach tracking collars to wild animals. For each animal, the following geolocation data is collected at frequent intervals. • The time • The date • The location of the animal Which of the following questions about a particular animal could NOT be answered using only the data collected from the tracking collars?
Do the movement patterns of the animal vary according to the weather?
Which of the following best explains how data is typically assembled in packets for transmission over the Internet?
Each packet contains data to be transmitted, along with metadata containing information used for routing the data.
Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) has been introduced to replace the previous version (IPv4). Which of the following best describes a benefit of IPv6 over IPv4?
IPv6 allows for a greater number of addresses than IPv4, which allows more devices to be connected to the Internet.
According to the domain name system (DNS), which of the following is a subdomain of the domain example.com?
about.example.com