APES - Unit 1.4 - Carbon Cycle
Coral reef & marine org. with shells also take CO2 out of the ocean to make _________________
calcium carbonate exoskeleton
Leads to imbalance in which reservoirs or sinks are storing ________
carbon
Sedimentation is..
when marine org. die, their bodies sink to ocean floor where they're broken down into sediments that contain C
Examples of Carbon source:
- Fossil fuel (oil, coal, nat gas) combustion - Animal ag. (cow burps & farts = CH4) - Deforestation, releases CO2 from trees
take CO2 out of the ocean & atm. through photosynthesis This is due to...
Algae & phytoplankton
over, long, periods of time, pressure of water compresses C-containing sediments on ocean floor into sedimentary stone (limestone, sandstone) - long-term C reservoir This is
Burial
- Done by plants & animals to release stored energy - Uses O2 to break glucose down & release energy - Releases CO2 into atmosphere - CO2 source (adds CO2 to atm.) This is describing...
Cellular Respiration
Some steps are very quick such as
Fossil Fuel Combustion
CO2 moves directly between atmosphere & the ocean by dissolving into & out of ocean water at the surface This is called
Direct exchange
Examples of organic matter
Ex: dead ferns (coal) or marine algae & plankton (oil)
digging up or mining FFs & burning them as energy source; releases CO2 into atm. This is called...
Extraction & Combustion
Examples of carbon sinks
Ocean (algae & sediments), plants, soil
- Plants, algae, phytoplankton - Removes CO2 from the atmosphere & converts it to glucose Glucose = biological form of C & stored (chemical) energy in form of sugar - CO2 sink This is describing...
Photosynthesis
what is a carbon sink
a carbon reservoir that stores more carbon than it releases
Fossil Fuels (FF) examples:
coal, oil, and Nat.
Burial (formation of FFs) takes far longer than extraction & combustion, which means they increase _________________
concentration of CO2 in atmosphere
Direct exchange Happens very quickly & in _____ directions, balancing levels of CO2 between atm. & ocean
equal
how is Fossil Fuels formed
formed from fossilized remains of org. Matter.
Atmosphere is key C reservoir; increasing levels of C in atm. Leads to ____________
global warming
B/c of direct exchange, increasing atm. CO2 also increases ocean CO2, leading to _________________
ocean acidification
Sediments (bits of rock, soil, organic matter) compressed into sed. rock, or FF, by pressure from _______________________
overlying rock layers or water
Carbon source is the...
processes that add C to atm.
some steps are very slow such as
sedimentation & burial
define Burial
slow, geological process that stores C in underground sinks like sedimentary rock or fossil fuels
Movement of molecules that contain Carbon (CO2, glucose, CH4) between ____________and ______
sources and sinks
similarities between Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis
⛰️ Both processes are very quick ⛰️ Cycle C between biosphere & atmosphere in balanced amount (no net C increase in atm.)