ARDMS
The most common primary carcinoma of the pancreas is: A - adenocarcinoma B - lymphoma C - insulinoma D - cystadenocarcinoma
A - Adenocarcinoma
Transitional cell carcinoma is found everywhere EXCEPT: A - Liver B - Renal Pelvis C - Urinary Bladder D - Ureter
A - Liver
Prothrombin is abbreviated: A - PTT B - PT C - PN D - all of the above
A - PTT
What is another name for Morrisons Pouch? A - Posterior right subhepatic space B - Anterior subhepatic space C - Posterior cul-de-sac D - Anterior cul-de-sac
A - Posterior right subhepatic space
The most distal point of the biliary system is the: A - Sphincter of Oddi B - Gallbladder C - Cystic Duct D - Ampulla of Vater
A - Sphincter of Oddi
Which thyroid pathology is associated with a hypoechoic halo around its perimeter? A - adenoma B - goiter C - cyst D - Hashimotos
A - adenoma
The left renal vein courses: A - anterior to the aorta B - posterior to the IVC C - anterior to the SMV D - anterior to the IVC
A - anterior to the aorta
A fusiform cystic mass in the area of the porta hepatis with biliary dilatation is a(an): A - choledochal cyst B - Mirrizi Syndrome C - Budd Chiari D - Cholangitis
A - choledochal cyst
The diffuse polypoid appearance of the gallbladder referred to as strawberry gallbladder is seen with: A - cholesterolosis B - adenomyomatosis C - cholangitis D - kawasaki disease
A - cholesterolosis
The malignant testicular tumor that consists of trophoblastic cells is the: A - choriocarcinoma B - yolk sac tumor C - teratoma D - insulinoma
A - choriocarcinoma
The middle layer of the gallbladder wall is the: A - fibromuscular B - mucosal C - serosal D - muscularis
A - fibromuscular
A malignant pediatric tumor is ______. A - hepatoblastoma B - neuroblastchorioma C - HCC D - hemangioendothelioma
A - hepatoblastoma
The ligamentum teres can be used to separate the : A - medial and lateral segments of left lobe B - medial and posterior segments of the right lobe C - anterior and medial segments of the left lobe D - anterior and posterior segments of the right lobe
A - medial and lateral segments of left lobe
the left lobe of the liver can be divided into: A - medial/lateral B - medial/posterior C - anterior/medial D - anterior/posterior
A - medial/lateral
At which level of the gallbladder is the junctional fold found? A - neck B - fundus C - body D - valves
A - neck
Which part of the gallbladder is involved in the Hartmann pouch? A - neck B - fundus C - body D - valves
A - neck
A gastrinoma would most likely be found in the: A - pancreas B - adrenal gland C - stomach D - spleen
A - pancreas
The right intersegmental fissure contains the: A - right hepatic v B - middle hepatic v C - left portal v D - right portal v
A - right hepatic v
The diameter of the gallbladder should not exceed: A - 8 cm B - 4 cm C - 7 mm D - 3 cm
B - 4 cm
Identify the laboratory values which is specific for a hepatoma of the liver: A - ALT B - AFP C - AST D - Bilirubin
B - AFP
The linea alba is found in the: A - crus of the diaphragm B - abdominal wall C - median arcuate ligament D - external oblique muscle
B - Abdominal Wall
The inherited condition that causes cysts in multiple organs (primarily the kidneys) but is usually not diagnosed until adulthood is the ____. A - ARPKD B - ADPKD
B - Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
A positive Murphy's sign is a clinical finding associated with: A - Pancreatitis B - Cholecystitis C - Cholelithiasis D - Adenomytamosis
B - Cholecystitis
The "strawberry sign" in the gallbladder is associated with: A - Gallstones B - Cholesterolosis C - Gangrenous Gallbladder D - Adenomyomatosis
B - Cholesterolosis
An extrahepatic mass compressing the common bile duct can produce an enlarged gallbladder. This sign is known as: A - Christians Sign B - Coursviers Sign C - Mirrizis Sign D - Murphys Sign
B - Coursivers Sign
Results from high levels of cortisol: A - Conns Syndrome B - Cushings Syndrome C - Nephrotic Syndrome D - Chron Syndrome
B - Cushings Syndrome
Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographically by which of the following patterns? A- Distorted shape of the kidney outline B - Fluid-filled pelvocaliceal collecting system C - Multiple cystic masses throughout the renal parenchyma D - Hyperechoic pelvocaliceal collecting system
B - Fluid-filled pelvocaliceal collecting system
The second most common benign liver tumor is ______. A - hemangioma B - FNH C - hydatid cyst D - metastasis
B - Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Hyperthyroidism associated with a diffuse goiter is associated with: A - Hashimotos B - Graves C - adenoma D - papillary carcinoma
B - Graves
Which of the following is the most common reason for a liver transplant: A - HCC B - Hepatitis C C - Hepatitis B D - Hepatic metastasis
B - Hepatitis C
A standardized blood clotting test is: A - PT B - INR C - PTT D - ALF
B - INR
Right sided heart failure ofter leads to englargement of the: A - abdominal aorta B - IVC and hepatic veins C - IVC and portal veins D - Portal veins and spleen
B - IVC and hepatic veins
Clinical findings of gallbladder carcinoma include all the following except: A - RUQ pain B - Referred pain to the chest C - Hepatomegaly D - Weight Loss
B - Referred pain to the chest
All of the following are retroperitoneal structures except: A - Ureters B - Spleen C - Kidneys D - Duodenum
B - Spleen
Elevated calcitonin is associated with which of the following: A - Liver Cancer B - Thyroid Cancer C - Adrenal Cancer D - Renal Cancer
B - Thyroid Cancer
What is a substance produced by a cancerous tumor or an organ or structure in response to cancer? A - Onocyte B - Tumor Marker C - Lymphadenopathy D - Homeostatin
B - Tumor Marker
Adenomas are often removed because they: A - have a large amount of symptoms B - can become malignant C - are incidental findings D - grow so large they overtake the liver
B - can become malignant
A renal core biopsy is take from the: A - hilum B - cortex C - pelvis D - sinus
B - cortex
The process of disposing of metabolic wastes is called: A - deamination B - excretion C - urination D - urea
B - excretion
Tumefactive sludge can resemble the sonographic appearance of: A - cholelithiasis B - gallbladder carcinoma C - cholecystitis D - adenomyomatosis
B - gallbladder carcinoma
Acute cholecystitis that leads to necrosis and abscess development within the gallbladder wall describes: A - emphysematous cholecystitis B - gangrenous cholecystitis C - chronic cholecystitis D - gallbladder perforation
B - gangrenous cholecystitis
Which of the following is the space located between the pancreas and the stomach? A - morrisons pouch B - lesser sac C - space of retzius D - pouch of douglas
B - lesser sac
Enlargement of a lymph node is referred to as: A - lymphedema B - lymphadenopathy C - lymphogenesis D - lymphomegaly
B - lymphodenopathy
The most common liver malignancy is _____. A - HCC B - metastasis C - lymphoma D - choriocarcinoma
B - metastasis
The left lobe of the liver can be seperated from the right lobe by: A - right hepatic v B - middle hepatic v C - left hepatic v D - falciform ligament
B - middle hepatic v
The main lobar fissure contains the: A - right hepatic vein B - middle hepatic vein C - main portal vein D - right portal vein
B - middle hepatic vein
The innermost layer of the gallbladder is: A - fibromuscular B - mucosal C - serosal D - muscularis
B - mucosal
Which of the following is NOT considered to be an intraperitoneal organ? A - liver B - pancreas C - gallbladder D - spleen
B - pancreas
What is true about portal veins: A - portal veins carry deoxygenated blood away from the liver B - portal veins have brighter walls than hepatic veins C - portal veins should demonstrate hepatofugal flow D - portal veins increase in diameter as they approach the diaphragm
B - portal veins have brighter walls than hepatic veins
Clinical signs and symptoms in acute pancreatitis include all of the following EXCEPT: A - elevated amylase B - severe abdominal pain radiating to right shoulder C - nausea and vomiting D - severe abdominal pain radiating to the back
B - severe abdominal pain radiating to right shoulder
Rare genetic disorder characterized by cysts and tumors in various organs: A - Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome B - von Hippel - Lindau Disease C - Marfan Syndrome D - Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
B - von Hippel - Lindau Disease
What test denotes platelet count? A - INR B - PT C - PTT D - PA
B -PT
The maximum inner diameter of the main pancreatic duct in young adults is: A - 1 mm B - 4 mm C - 2 mm D - 3 mm
C - 2 mm
Which one of the following laboratory tests could indicate a liver lesion? A - Liver - Specific Antigen B - Partial Thromblastin Time C - Alphafetal Protein (AFP) D - INR
C - Alphafetal Protein (AFP)
Which of the following is a tumor marker that may be used in cases of suspected testicular malignancy? A - BUN B - Creatine C - HCG D - Calcitonin
C - HCG
Which of the following is considered to be a malignant testicular neoplasm? A - neuroblastoma B - Hepatoma C - Yolk Sac tumor D - Harmartoma
C - Yolk sac tumor
Ascites can be caused by all the following except: A - cirrhosis B - COPD C - adenomyomatosis D - malignancy
C - adenomyomatosis
The pheochomocytoma is a benign mass commonly located in the: A - testicle B - thyroid C - adrenal gland D - liver
C - adrenal gland
The right portal vein divides into: A - middle, lt, rt branches B - lt and rt branches C - anterior and posterior branches D - medial and lateral branches
C - anterior and posterior branches
Which of the following would be least likely to cause focal gallbladder thickening? A - gallbladder polyp B - adenomyomatosis C - ascites D - adhered gallstone
C - ascites
A 6 yr old child patient presents with recurrent fever, right upper quadrant pain, and jaundice. The liver and gallbladder appear normal, but a 2cm cyst is seen communicating with the common bile duct. This most likely represents: A - mucocele B - pseudocyst C - choledochal cyst D - hydatid cyst
C - choledochal cyst
Intermittent obstruction of the cystic duct by a gallstone results in: A - gallbladder wall thickening B - pericholecystic fluid C - chronic cholecystitis D - acute cholecystitis
C - chronic cholecystitis
A type of reverberation that is caused by highly reflective interfaces, such as gas bubbles, describes: A - mirror image B - posterior shadowing C - comet tail D - ring down
C - comet tail
A champagne sign is associated with: A - adenomyomatosis B - cholangiocarcinoma C - emphysematous cholecystitis D - acalculous cholecystitis
C - emphysematous cholecystitis
Hepatization of the gallbladder occurs when the gallbladder: A - perforates B - becomes hydropic C - fills with sludge D - undergoes torsion
C - fills with sludge
Which of the following is associated with E. granulosus? A - candidiasis B - amebic liver abscess C - hydatid liver cyst D - HCC
C - hydatid liver cyst
The left umbilical vein after birth becomes the: A - falciform ligament B - main lobar fissure C - ligamentum teres D - ligamentum venosum
C - ligamentum teres
The hepatoblastoma is a: A - benign tumor of the pediatric liver B - malignant tumor of the adult liver C - malignant tumor of the pediatric liver D - malignant tumor of the pediatric adrenals
C - malignant tumor of the pediatric liver
Which of the following is the most common form of liver cancer? A - HCC B - adenocarcinoma C - Metastatic liver disease D - hepatoblastoma
C - metastatic liver disease
Cavernous hemangiomas are associated with all the following EXCEPT: A - asymptomatic B - most common in rt lobe C - more common in males D - variable presentation
C - more common in males (BIRTHCONTROL)
The cystic artery is often a direct branch of the: A - main pancreatic artery B - celiac artery C - right hepatic artery D - left hepatic artery
C - right hepatic artery
The right lobe of the liver is divided into segments by: A - middle lobar fissure B - middle hepatic v C - right hepatic v D - left hepatic v
C - right hepatic v
An angiosarcoma would most likely be discovered in the: A - rectum B - gallbladder C - spleen D - pancreas
C - spleen
A cystic mass between the umbilicus and the bladder is called a(an): A - seroma B - uroma C - urachal cyst D - urinoma
C - urachal cyst
The main portal vein should not exceed: A - 4 mm B - 8 mm C - 10 mm D - 13 mm
D - 13 mm
The gallbladder wall should measure not more than: A - 5 mm B - 6 mm C - 4 mm D - 3 mm
D - 3 mm
The neuroblastoma is a malignant pediatric mass commonly found in the: A - Kidney B - Liver C - Testicle D - Adrenal Gland
D - Adrenal Gland
Identify the syndrome that is associated with an adrenal mass: A - Graves B - Frolichingers C - Budd-Chiari D - Cushings
D - Cushings
The subphrenic space is located directly inferior to the ______. A - Liver B - Pancreas C - Spleen D - Diaphragm
D - Diaphragm
___ ascites can be a malignant form of ascites. May appear as complex fluid with loculations and producing matting of bowel. A - Serosal B - Transudate C - Viseral D - Exudate
D - Exudate
Which syndrome is seen as liver inflammation that stems from PID? A - Graves B - Nephrotic Syndrome C - Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome D - Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
D - Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
Which vessel is seen on the anterior portion of the pancreatic head? A - Splenic Vein B - SMV C - PSC D - GDA
D - GDA
_____ is caused by the bending of the ultrasound beam when it passes through an interface between 2 tissues with vastly dissimilar speeds of sound and the angle of the approach is not perpendicular. A - Reverberation B - Ring Down C - Side Lobes D - Refraction
D - Refraction
The hypernephroma may also be reffered to as: A - Nephroblastoma B - Neuroblastoma C - Hepatocellular Carcinoma D - Renal Cell Carcinoma
D - Renal Cell Carcinoma
What vessel passes anterior to the third part of the duodenum and posterior to the neck of the pancreas? A - SMA B - IMV C - Splenic Vein D - SMV
D - SMV
What is parenteral nutrition? A - Dieting B - Eating before midnight C - Supplemental nutrition during coma D - Eating through pill form only
D - Supplemental nutrition during coma
The right lobe of the liver can be divided into: A - medial / lateral B - medial / posterior C - anterior / medial D - anterior / posterior
D - anterior/posterior
Which is the most likely clinical sign of adenomyomatosis? A - Murphys sign B - hepatitis C - congestive heart failure D - asymptomatic
D - asymptomatic
Portal hypertension will result in all the following EXCEPT: A - hepatofugal flow of PV B - splenomegaly C - recanalized umbilical v D - focal fatty sparing
D - focal fatty sparing
Which of the following benign liver masses is typically isoechoic and contains a central scar? A - hepatoblastoma B - cavernous hemangioma C - harmartoma D - focal nodular hyperplasia
D - focal nodular hyperplasia
A tumor that consists of inflammatory cells is the: A - hematoma B - hepatoma C - lymphoma D - granuloma
D - granuloma
Which of the following masses would be at most concern for malignancy? A - echogenic mass B - cystic mass w/ posterior enhancement C - isoechoic mass with a central scar D - hyperechoic mass with a hypoechoic halo
D - hyperechoic mass with a hypoechoic halo
An adrenal gland mass would displace the kidney which direction? A - medial B - superior C - anterior D - inferior
D - inferior
Which of the following is considered to be a intraperitoneal organ: A - left kidney B - aorta C - IVC D - liver
D - liver
All of the following are sources of gallbladder wall thickening EXCEPT: A - ascites B - congestive heart failure C - gallbladder carcinoma D - lupus
D - lupus
The hepatoma is a : A - benign tumor of the spleen B - benign tumor of the liver C - malignant tumor of the pancreas D - malignant tumor of the liver
D - malignant tumor of the liver
A malignant tumor found in pediatric adrenal glands is the: A - sarcoma B - hepatoma C - nephroblastoma D - neuroblastoma
D - neuroblastoma
Which of the following are NOT considered retroperitoneal organs? A - abdominal lymph nodes B - adrenal glands C - kidneys D - ovaries
D - ovaries
A tumor that consists of tissue from all three germ cell layers is the: A - pheochromocytoma B - harmartoma C - adrenal rest tumor D - teratoma
D - teratoma
The largest zone of the prostate is the: A - periurethral zone B - transition zone C - central zone D- peripheral zone
D- peripheral zone