ARS 101 Ancient Greek Exam 2 Notes Lewis ASU
Gorgon Medusa
-A severely ugly woman; reference to when Medusa was bragging and Athena cursed her -She has a large head with huge round eyes, a wide mouth with teeth, snaky hair, short kilt with a snake belt and a strange running pose -apotropaic device which means that it is being used to ward off evil.
Marshals and Young Women (frieze)
Detail of the Procession, from the Ionic frieze on the east side of the Parthenon. c. 447-432 bce. Marble, height 3′6′′ (1.08 m). Musée du Louvre, Paris.
Horsemen (frieze)
Detail of the Procession, from the Ionic frieze on the north side of the Parthenon. c. 447-432 bce. Marble, height 413⁄4′′ (106 cm). British Museum, London.
Athena Attacking the Giants
Detail of the frieze from the east front of the altar from Pergamon. c. 175-150 bce. Marble.
Warrior from Riace (also known as Warrior A)
WARRIOR Found in the sea off Riace, Italy. c. 460-450 bce. Bronze with bone and glass eyes, silver teeth, and copper lips and nipples; height 6′9′′ (2.05 m). National Archeological Museum, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Schliemann discovered ruins at a site in Turkey that he believed to be the ancient city of Troy but what he found was actually _______. a more modern Turkish city earlier than Troy later than Troy a Minoan city
earlier than Troy
Linear A and Linear B are examples of what type of source? Epigraphic Material Textual Secondary
epigraphic
Greek statues show many changes and artistic evolutions similar to Egyptian statues. True False
false
Heinrich Schliemann worked as an archaeologist at Troy after being sent by his government to dig in Turkey with British scholars. True/false
false
In Bronze Age Greece there were no civilizations with large societies, no written records, or any forms of technology, and there was very limited trading. True False
false
The objects found in Turkey at the site of Ancient Troy are proof of the historicity of the stories in Homer's epic's The Iliad and The Odyssey. True False
false
Kore
female -Female statue is clothed, funeral offerings, more elborate clothes over time young
Schliemann found ancient objects like _______. Iron Age weapons and burials Minoan pottery and written tablets Weapons, jewelry, household items Household items, written tablets, silver
idk answer, not Minoan pottery and written tablets
Greek statues show the artists' efforts to _____. be dramatic follow Homer be inventive copy the Romans
inventive
The Minoan civilization was located_______. Mainland Greece Island of Crete
island
Delphi
it was the site of the Oracle of Apollo, The Oracle was a female prophetess who lived in the sanctuary of Apollo. -Delphi was the site of the Pythian Games, which, like the Olympian Games, attracted participants from all over Greece.
he name Peloponnesus came from ______. Peloponnesian War King Pelops Battle of Pelops Peloponnis Games
king pelops
Used primarily by the Minoans and has never been deciphered or translated. Linear A Linear B
linear A
The Mycenaean civilization was located on _______. Mainland Greece Island of Crete
mainland
Kouros
young male 600 BCE
The kore are statues of _______ and the kourosare statues of _______. men, women gods, men young women, young men gods, women
young women, young men
Processional Frieze
the top of the inner wall of the Parthenon was sculpted with the images of the Panathenaic procession
Greek art shows the influences of Egyptian art. True False
true
The nude male figure is central to Greek art. True False
true
The sea was more important in Greek culture than it was in Egypt. True False
true
Funerary krater from Dipylon
Geometric/Orientalizing
Olpe
Geometric/Orientalizing
Reconstruction of the Palace complex at Knossos, Crete
Aegean Art Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi. c. 530-525 bce.
Metropolitan Kouros
Archaic 600-590 BCE From the cemetery at Anavysos, near Athens. c. 530 bce. Marble with remnants of paint, height 6′4′′ (1.93 m). National Archaeological Museum, Athens
Exekias
Master painter of the Black-on-Red vase painting. Noted works were Dionysius in a Boat, Achilles and Ajax Playing a Game, and the Suicide of Ajax.
Lapith fighting a Centaur (metope)
Metope relief from the Doric frieze on the south side of the Parthenon. c. 447-432 bce. Marble, height 56′′ (1.42 m). British Museum, London
The man who was not a professional scholar or linguistic expert (actually an architect) but was able to help decipher one of the Linear scripts. Evan Mountbatten Sir Arthur Evans Michael Ventris Sir Radcliff Emerson
Michael Ventris
Two important Bronze Age Greek civilizations were? Crete, Minoan Minoan, Mycenaean Mycenaean, Ionian Archaic, Minoan
Minoan, Mycenaean
One of the major Minoan sites he excavated was _______. Palace of Minos at Knossos Ramasseum Palace of Midas on Isle of Crete Aegean Palace
Palace of Minos at Knossos
Aphrodite of Knidos
Praxiteles. Roman marble copy after an original of ca. 350-340 BCE. Approx. 6' 8" high. Vatican Museums, Rome. First nude statue of a goddess. praxiteles turns marble into "flesh" late classical. Not meant to be erotic Considered ideal for the time.
Schliemann's findings are often referred to as______. Priam's Treasure The Trojan Gold A and B none of the above
Priam's Treasure The Trojan Gold
Schliemann has been criticized for______. Removing the objects he found without dividing it as required The Russians now having control of the objects Removing the objects at the end of WWII from Berlin All of the above
Removing the objects he found without dividing it as required
Menkaure
after Khufu; built the third and smallest pyramid at Giza
Contrapposto
an asymmetrical arrangement of the human figure in which the line of the arms and shoulders contrasts with while balancing those of the hips and legs. (set against) -Tilt of hips
Homer
ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)
Alexander the Great Confronts Darius
replicates a Greek painting of about 310 bce. GREAT CONFRONTS DARIUS III AT THE BATTLE OF ISSOS Floor mosaic, Pompeii, Italy. 1st-century bce Roman copy of a Greek wall painting of c. 310 bce, perhaps by Philoxenos of Eretria or Helen of Egypt. Entire panel 8′10′′ × 17′ (2.7 × 5.2 m). Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naple
The objects that Schliemann found were believed to have been lost or stolen or destroyed and it remained a mystery following WWII. We now know the treasures are in Turkey Germany Greece Russia
russia
Phidias
sculptor of Zeus, Athena, Parthenon
Who was the British scholar/excavator who identified and named the Minoan civilization? Evan Mountbatten Sir Arthur Evans Michael Ventris Sir Radcliff Emerson
sir arthur evans
Hellenistic
323-32/30 BCE
Late Classical Period
400-323 BCE
Parthenon, Athens
447-432 BC Akropolis sense of harmony and bal-ance is an attention to proportions
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)
450 BC Artist: polykleitos The Roman marble copy of the SPEAR BEARER (FIG. 5-43) shows a male athlete perfectly balanced with the whole weight of the upper body supported over the tense and straight ("engaged") right leg
Kritios Boy
480 BCE, 2'10", marble, from Acropolis in Athens -knee is bent -Sense of movement
Hermes and the Infant Dionysos
4th century BCEPRAXITELES, shallow S-shaped curve, subtle modeling, soft shadows on body surface, reach for grapes, dreamy expression, CLASSICAL Discovered in the rubble of the ruined Temple of Hera at Olympia in 1875
Death of Sarpedon
515 BCE by Euphronios archaic Red-figure decoration on a calyx krater. Ceramic, -hermes -Hypnos (Sleep) and Thanatos (Death)
Achilles and Ajax
540-530 BCE -epic cycle of the Trojan War.
Montumhat
600 BC 25th dynasty priest of the god amun in thebes (2000 years from menkaure)
New York Kuoros
600 BC greek art changes over time Differences from eygpt is that greek want their figure nude. Male nude is idealized. -Lines indicating muscles
Archaic Period
600-480 BCE
Siphnian Treasury, Delphi
Archaic 530 B.C.E. Would contain offerings to the gods. Ionic, has Caryatids -Siphnian Treasury is called the Battle of the Gods and the Giants -Siphnians who lived on one of the Cycladic Islands, were flooded in 525 BC and then the island was overrun by the Samians. So this building cannot have been erected any later than that. -TREASURY OF THE SIPHNIANS Sanctuaries also included treasuries built by the citizens of Greek city-states to house their offerings. The small but luxurious TREA-SURY OF THE SIPHNIANS (FIG. 5-7) was built in the sanc-tuary of Apollo at Delphi by the residents of the island of Siphnos in the Cyclades, between about 530 and 525 bce.
Battle Between the Gods and the Giants
Archaic 530-525 BCE battle between good and evil, chaos and order and often Greek and Barbarian Fragments of the north frieze of the Treasury of the Siphnians, Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi. c. 530-525 bce. Marble, height 26′′ (66 cm). Archaeological Museum, Delphi.
Peplos Kore
Archaic Greek From the Akropolis, Athens. c. 530 bce. Marble, height
Anavysos Kouros
Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint. -Stiff stance, long patterned hair -more life-like -archaic
black figure and red figure
Athenian pottery can be divided into two types:
Akropolis
Athens originated as a Neolithic akropolis, or "city on top of a hill" (akro means "high" and polis means "city"), that later served as a fortress and sanctuary. As the city grew, the Akropolis became the religious and ceremonial cen-ter devoted primarily to the goddess Athena, the city's patron and protector.
Used primarily by the Mycenaeans and was deciphered in the 1950's. Linear A Linear B
B
What the three greek orders?
Doric, ionic, corinthian
Apoxyomenos
Greek, "athlete scraping oil from his body" —a nude, male athlete. But instead of a figure actively engaged in his sport, striding, or standing at ease, Lysippos depicted a young man after his workout, methodically removing oil and dirt from his body with a scraping tool called a strigil.
old woman
Hellenistic
Laocöon and His Sons
Hellenistic Original of 1st century bce or a Roman copy, adaptation, or original of the 1st century bce. Marble, height 8′ (2.44 m). Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Cortile Ottagono, Rome
Victory of the Samothrace (Nike)
Hellenistic his winged figure of Victory (FIG. 5-66) is even more theat-rical than the Laocoön. In its original setting—in a hillside niche high above the theater in the Sanctuary of the Great Gods at Samothrace
Polykleitos
High Classical Sculptor; devised mathematical formula for representing the perfect male body; famous work=Doryphoros (bronze statue of young man holding spear)
red-figure painting
In later Greek pottery, the silhouetting of red figures against a black background, with painted linear details; the reverse of black-figure painting.
frieze
a broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, especially on a wall near the ceiling.
metope
a square space between triglyphs in a Doric frieze
black figure
a style in Greek pottery decoration composed of black figures against a red background
Schliemann's discoveries at Troy can be seen______. In a Berlin museum In a photograph of his wife In the British Museum In the records of the Turkish government
photograph