ART 110 - Ch 14

Which 20th century artist was inspired by Cycladic art?

Alberto Giacometti

This musical instrument found in a queen's burial was a featured what characteristics?

- Limestone - Lapis lazuli - Gold bull's head - Shell

The Sphinx is thought to have the head of which pharaoh?

Khafre

What city was the center of Mioan culture?

Knossos

The small statuette from Willendorf was formed approximately when?

Lascaux cave paintings

Which pharaoh changed Egyptian culture from polytheism to monotheism during the Amarna period?

Akhenaten

Which animal was most often found in art associated with martial aspects of ancient Greece and Rome?

Horse

What type of columns were used on the Parthenon?

Doric

True or false: The most important legacy of the Babylonian empire is artistic.

False

Numerous female statuettes of differing styles, found over a span of thousands of years and across a wide region, were often thought to be ____________ figures, meant to promote pregnancy and childbirth.

Fertility

Who were the first to speculate on the nature and purpose of art?

Greek Philosophers

What is the last period of Greek art that also refers to the spread of Greek culture?

Hellenistic

In contrast to Greek naturalism, what style did the Roman sculptures possess?

Realism

What did the Sumerians leave behind in addiction to artifacts?

Writing system

What term best describes the women painted?

Stylized

In what ways does this Kouros figure differ from Egyptian sculpture?

- Anonymous subject - Purposeful nudity - Released completely from the stone

What meanings does the Greek word "Kouroi" (singular: Kouros) have?

- Boys - Youths

What animals were characterized in Sumerian art?

- Bull's head - Lion-headed eagle - Man-bull

Which of the following are characteristics common to the architecture of ancient Sumer, Egypt, Greece, and Rome.

- Structures were built with lasting permanence in mind - The largest structures were often temples or shrines

Because most Greek bronze sculptures have been melted down, how were scholars able to learn about Greek sculpture?

Studying Roman marble copies

What is the principle message of Egyptian art?

Continuity

How does this amphora show the evolution of Greek art?

- Nude males and clothed females - Red-figure style of painting - More natural figures

What are the similarities between Egyptian sculpture and early Greek sculpture?

- Sense of stone block - Clenched hands - One leg forward

This stele of King Naran-Sin with his idealized anatomy, shows him dressed in god-like regalia and striding confidently over the defeated soldiers in order to show what characteristic?

- Strength - Political power

Who are the artists of this amphora?

Andokides and the "Andokides Painter"

During which period of Greek history did Rome become prominent?

Hellenistic

What is the most significant trait of this Neo-Babylonian wall?

It features a true arch, an architectural feature often associated with the Romans

It is suggested that Sargon, the ruler of the Akkadians is depicted in this sculpture. How does the face appear?

Naturalistic

Which of the following is the most common feature of female sculptures in the ancient world?

Nudity

What did the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius help to preserve?

Roman frescoes

What is this fresco from the house known as Villa of the Mysteries in Pompeii believed to represent?

Secret Cult Rituals

Because the ______________ did not have stone, they built the Ziggurat out of sun dried clay.

Sumerians

The sculpture "Akhenaten and His Family" is an example of a __________ relief, where the figures do not project from the surface but are modeled below the surface.

Sunken

True or False: The Romans made marble copies of Greek bronze statues?

TRue

What impression did portraits often set into mausoleum facades to give?

The dead looking out at the living

What is "Entasis?"

The slight swelling or bulge built into the center of a column to make the column seem straight virtually

What elaborate structures did the Mycenaeans build that were influenced by neighboring Egypt?

Tombs

True or False: The Classical period encompasses both ancient Greeks and Romans.

True

What is the name of this sculptural group that once adorned the Parthenon?

Three Goddesses

What reason did the Greeks have for not displaying female nudity in art?

Women were primarily domestic, which was considered private.

What are the characteristics of this double portrait that reflect the Roman interpretation of Hellenistic art?

- Husband's face looks aged - Skin wrinkles are visible

The purpose of this Assyrian beast motif by the palace gates was to _____________ and ______________ visitors.

- Impress - Intimidate

Where would mosaics such as this one be found?

- In wealthy homes - In a triclinium

What assumptions can you make about Minoan culture by studying the "Toreador Fresco?"

- Loved sports and games - Were lighthearted and cheerful

What were the three major ancient Aegean cultures?

- The Cycladics - The Mycenaeans - The Minoans

The Paleolithic paintings in the France's Chauvet cave, discovered in 1994, have interested scholars as the paintings are almost all of animals. Which descriptions capture the interest?

- They are meaningful, but the meaning is uncertain - They are believed to go back even farther in time

When was the Babylonian empire established by the Amorites?

1830 BCE

What is this Hellenistic sculpture that represents the ideals of beauty resulting from incorporating nudity into female statuary?

Aphrodite of Melos

When was Ishtar's Gate constructed?

Around 575 BCE

For what purpose was the Colosseum planned under Emperor Vespasian?

As an amphitheater for public entertainment and gladiatorial competitions

Which period of Greek art do scholars consider to be the finest?

Classical

One of the few Greek bronze sculptures to survive to modern day, "Warrior A" assumes what pose?

Contrapposto

What does the artist do to create shadows for the figure?

Darker Tesserae

What was the purpose for the stylization used by Egyptian artists to depict the human form?

Each body part could be read clearly

True or false: The age of Aegean art and culture followed the collapse of the Egyptian civilization.

False

Hatshepsut, one of Egypt's few female rulers, is well known to history for her commission of a massive _____________, one of the largest and most famous architectural structures from ancient Egypt.

Funerary temple

In ancient Mesopotamia, a(n) _______________ was associated with kingly power, and was often seen in sculptures depicting rulers.

Lion

What popular subject matter for Assyrian relief is depicted here?

Lion Hunt

The writing system that was developed in ____________ and used for 3,000 years was called cuneiform, which is Latin for "wedge-shaped."

Mesopotamia

What Aegean culture created this "rhyton" or drinking cup?

Mycenaean

The most famous work of Neolithic architecture is ______________ which is located in Europe.

Stonehenge

The sculptural technique where objects and figures do not project from the surface but are carved deep into the surface is called ____________ _______________.

Sunken Relief

In ancient Greece, sculpture, painting architecture were described as "things requiring a special body of knowledge or skill to make," or ___________________.

Techne

How does Narmer's pose reflect the Egyptian requirements for depiction of the body?

- Eye frontal - Lower body is in profile - Torso is full frontal

What are the characteristics of the Cycladic statuette of a woman in terms of elements and style?

- Geometric - Simplified - Abstract

How was the importance of the Akkadian king shown in this work?

- He was larger - There is a hierarchy of scale

What are some of the characteristics that define the Neolithic Period?

- Cultivation of fruits and grains - New types of stone tools - Domestication of animals

The Romans are best known for which two areas of artistic development?

- Engineering - Architecture

What did the second Hellenistic style prefer over previous Classical values?

- Extreme emotion - Dynamic poses