ART 110 - Ch 14
Which 20th century artist was inspired by Cycladic art?
Alberto Giacometti
This musical instrument found in a queen's burial was a featured what characteristics?
- Limestone - Lapis lazuli - Gold bull's head - Shell
The Sphinx is thought to have the head of which pharaoh?
Khafre
What city was the center of Mioan culture?
Knossos
The small statuette from Willendorf was formed approximately when?
Lascaux cave paintings
Which pharaoh changed Egyptian culture from polytheism to monotheism during the Amarna period?
Akhenaten
Which animal was most often found in art associated with martial aspects of ancient Greece and Rome?
Horse
What type of columns were used on the Parthenon?
Doric
True or false: The most important legacy of the Babylonian empire is artistic.
False
Numerous female statuettes of differing styles, found over a span of thousands of years and across a wide region, were often thought to be ____________ figures, meant to promote pregnancy and childbirth.
Fertility
Who were the first to speculate on the nature and purpose of art?
Greek Philosophers
What is the last period of Greek art that also refers to the spread of Greek culture?
Hellenistic
In contrast to Greek naturalism, what style did the Roman sculptures possess?
Realism
What did the Sumerians leave behind in addiction to artifacts?
Writing system
What term best describes the women painted?
Stylized
In what ways does this Kouros figure differ from Egyptian sculpture?
- Anonymous subject - Purposeful nudity - Released completely from the stone
What meanings does the Greek word "Kouroi" (singular: Kouros) have?
- Boys - Youths
What animals were characterized in Sumerian art?
- Bull's head - Lion-headed eagle - Man-bull
Which of the following are characteristics common to the architecture of ancient Sumer, Egypt, Greece, and Rome.
- Structures were built with lasting permanence in mind - The largest structures were often temples or shrines
Because most Greek bronze sculptures have been melted down, how were scholars able to learn about Greek sculpture?
Studying Roman marble copies
What is the principle message of Egyptian art?
Continuity
How does this amphora show the evolution of Greek art?
- Nude males and clothed females - Red-figure style of painting - More natural figures
What are the similarities between Egyptian sculpture and early Greek sculpture?
- Sense of stone block - Clenched hands - One leg forward
This stele of King Naran-Sin with his idealized anatomy, shows him dressed in god-like regalia and striding confidently over the defeated soldiers in order to show what characteristic?
- Strength - Political power
Who are the artists of this amphora?
Andokides and the "Andokides Painter"
During which period of Greek history did Rome become prominent?
Hellenistic
What is the most significant trait of this Neo-Babylonian wall?
It features a true arch, an architectural feature often associated with the Romans
It is suggested that Sargon, the ruler of the Akkadians is depicted in this sculpture. How does the face appear?
Naturalistic
Which of the following is the most common feature of female sculptures in the ancient world?
Nudity
What did the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius help to preserve?
Roman frescoes
What is this fresco from the house known as Villa of the Mysteries in Pompeii believed to represent?
Secret Cult Rituals
Because the ______________ did not have stone, they built the Ziggurat out of sun dried clay.
Sumerians
The sculpture "Akhenaten and His Family" is an example of a __________ relief, where the figures do not project from the surface but are modeled below the surface.
Sunken
True or False: The Romans made marble copies of Greek bronze statues?
TRue
What impression did portraits often set into mausoleum facades to give?
The dead looking out at the living
What is "Entasis?"
The slight swelling or bulge built into the center of a column to make the column seem straight virtually
What elaborate structures did the Mycenaeans build that were influenced by neighboring Egypt?
Tombs
True or False: The Classical period encompasses both ancient Greeks and Romans.
True
What is the name of this sculptural group that once adorned the Parthenon?
Three Goddesses
What reason did the Greeks have for not displaying female nudity in art?
Women were primarily domestic, which was considered private.
What are the characteristics of this double portrait that reflect the Roman interpretation of Hellenistic art?
- Husband's face looks aged - Skin wrinkles are visible
The purpose of this Assyrian beast motif by the palace gates was to _____________ and ______________ visitors.
- Impress - Intimidate
Where would mosaics such as this one be found?
- In wealthy homes - In a triclinium
What assumptions can you make about Minoan culture by studying the "Toreador Fresco?"
- Loved sports and games - Were lighthearted and cheerful
What were the three major ancient Aegean cultures?
- The Cycladics - The Mycenaeans - The Minoans
The Paleolithic paintings in the France's Chauvet cave, discovered in 1994, have interested scholars as the paintings are almost all of animals. Which descriptions capture the interest?
- They are meaningful, but the meaning is uncertain - They are believed to go back even farther in time
When was the Babylonian empire established by the Amorites?
1830 BCE
What is this Hellenistic sculpture that represents the ideals of beauty resulting from incorporating nudity into female statuary?
Aphrodite of Melos
When was Ishtar's Gate constructed?
Around 575 BCE
For what purpose was the Colosseum planned under Emperor Vespasian?
As an amphitheater for public entertainment and gladiatorial competitions
Which period of Greek art do scholars consider to be the finest?
Classical
One of the few Greek bronze sculptures to survive to modern day, "Warrior A" assumes what pose?
Contrapposto
What does the artist do to create shadows for the figure?
Darker Tesserae
What was the purpose for the stylization used by Egyptian artists to depict the human form?
Each body part could be read clearly
True or false: The age of Aegean art and culture followed the collapse of the Egyptian civilization.
False
Hatshepsut, one of Egypt's few female rulers, is well known to history for her commission of a massive _____________, one of the largest and most famous architectural structures from ancient Egypt.
Funerary temple
In ancient Mesopotamia, a(n) _______________ was associated with kingly power, and was often seen in sculptures depicting rulers.
Lion
What popular subject matter for Assyrian relief is depicted here?
Lion Hunt
The writing system that was developed in ____________ and used for 3,000 years was called cuneiform, which is Latin for "wedge-shaped."
Mesopotamia
What Aegean culture created this "rhyton" or drinking cup?
Mycenaean
The most famous work of Neolithic architecture is ______________ which is located in Europe.
Stonehenge
The sculptural technique where objects and figures do not project from the surface but are carved deep into the surface is called ____________ _______________.
Sunken Relief
In ancient Greece, sculpture, painting architecture were described as "things requiring a special body of knowledge or skill to make," or ___________________.
Techne
How does Narmer's pose reflect the Egyptian requirements for depiction of the body?
- Eye frontal - Lower body is in profile - Torso is full frontal
What are the characteristics of the Cycladic statuette of a woman in terms of elements and style?
- Geometric - Simplified - Abstract
How was the importance of the Akkadian king shown in this work?
- He was larger - There is a hierarchy of scale
What are some of the characteristics that define the Neolithic Period?
- Cultivation of fruits and grains - New types of stone tools - Domestication of animals
The Romans are best known for which two areas of artistic development?
- Engineering - Architecture
What did the second Hellenistic style prefer over previous Classical values?
- Extreme emotion - Dynamic poses
