Art Appreciation Chapter 1
linear perspective
a system using converging imaginary sight lines to create the illusion of depth
forms
a three-dimensional object that has two fundamental attributes: volume and mass
shape
a two-dimensional area, the boundaries of which are defined by lines or suggested by changes in color or value
The Blue Room
a variety of different colors and patterns enliven this work
mass
a volume that has, or gives the illusion of having weight, density, and bulk. It suggests that a volume is solid and occupies space
monochromatic
a work that only uses one hue
Ai Weiwei
an example of an artist whose work shows a reaction to censorship
political, economic, religious
art challenges others, especially those in _____, ______, and ______ power
representational
art that depicts figures and objects in a real way
non-objective
art that does not depict a recognizable subject
elements and principles of art
artists traditionally discuss the formal qualities of an artwork in terms of the ______ and ______
primary colors
cannot be created by mixing any other two colors
context
circumstances surrounding the creation of a work of art, including historical events, social conditions, biographical facts about the artist, and his or her intentions
complementary
colors found on the opposite sides of the color wheel
tertiary colors
colors that can be mixed from a secondary color and primary color
analogous
colors that fall adjacent to each other on the color wheel
Gestalt
complete order and indivisible unity of all aspects of an artwork's design
The Dove
compositional unity is shown in this work
Untitled (The Hotel Eden)
conceptual unity is shown in this work
Fred Ott's Sneeze
duration, tempo, intensity, scope, setting, and chronology are all attributes that exist in this work, one of the first American movies
Vishnu Dreaming the Universe
gestalt unity is shown in this relief panel
figure/ground reversal
this is the reversal of the relationship between one shape and its background
contour line
this type of line can suggest a volume in space by giving us clues about the changing character of a surface
implied line
this type of line is not actually drawn but suggested by elements in the work. It gives us the impression we are seeing a line where there is no continuous mark
Dynamism of a Dog
this work gives the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens
Object
this work of art makes use of subversive texture, contradicting our previous tactile experiences
Picasso and Braque
this work shows a monochromatic color scheme
The Boating Party
this work shows an analogous color scheme
The Circus
this work shows optical color mixing
true
true or false: A two-dimensional object is called a shape, while a three-dimensional object is called a form.
false
true or false: Art from earlier cultures was usually an individual effort in which basic needs such as food and shelter were common themes.
false
true or false: Content is defined as the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed.
false
true or false: Context is defined as the message or purpose of a work of art.
true
true or false: Formal analysis is concerned with the arrangement of the composition.
true
true or false: Subject matter is defined as what is being depicted or focused on (could be representational or non-objective).
true
true or false: we can be deceived by a color because of the color next to it
space
this is the distance between identifiable points or planes
line, form, shape, volume, mass, color, texture, space, time and motion, value
10 elements of art
contrast, balance, unity, variety, rhythm, emphasis, pattern, scale, proportion, focal point
10 principles of art
Hunters in the Snow
In this work, we see not only large rhythmic progressions that take our eye arounds the canvas, but also refined micro-rhythms in the repetition of details
Chiaroscuro
Italian for "light-dark". This is a method of applying value to a two-dimensional piece of artwork to create the illusion of a three-dimensional solid form
variety
Robert Rauschenberg used what to energize his work and to challenge the viewer?
freestanding
these works of art occupy space in the same way the other real-life objects do
Grande Odalisque
This painting would be best examined using feminist analysis
The Scream
This painting would be best examined using psychological analysis
Artichoke Halved
This photograph shows strong contrasts of black and white that accentuate the sense of speeding up
Mistos (Match Cover)
This work by Claes Odenburg and Coosje van Bruggen uses monumental scale
Starlight
This work shows broad emphasis
true
True or false: Complete order and indivisible unity of all aspect of an artwork's design is called gestalt.
geometric forms
these types of forms are regular and are readily expressible in words or mathematics
analogous
What color scheme did Mary Cassatt use in The Boating Party?
subversive texture
What does Object by Meret Oppenheim make use of?
Old Man's Cloth
What is the name of the work of art by El Anatusui
the hand
What was the common unit of measurement to gage accurate proportions in ancient Egypt?
space
Which of the following is not a principle of art? contrast, balance, emphasis, space
pattern
Which of the following is not an element of art? color, pattern, form, line
Edward Weston
Who created Artichoke Halved?
Giacomo Balla
Who created Dynamism of a Dog?
Thomas Edison and W.K Dickson
Who created Fred Ott's Sneeze?
Jean-Auguste-Dominque Ingres
Who created Grande Odalisque?
Pieter Bruegel
Who created Hunters in the Snow?
Claes Odenburg and Coosje Van Bruggen
Who created Mistos (Match Cover)?
Robert Rauschenberg
Who created Monogram?
Meret Oppenheim
Who created Object
Muqi
Who created Six Persimmons?
Agnes Martine
Who created Starlight?
Suzanne Valadon
Who created The Blue Room?
Mary Cassatt
Who created The Boating Party?
Georges Seurat
Who created The Circus?
Romare Bearden
Who created The Dove?
Raphael
Who created The School of Athens?
Edvard Munch
Who created The Scream?
Joseph Cornell
Who created Untitled (The Hotel Eden)?
Josef Albers
Who was a color theorist who taught at the Bauhaus and often described color deceptions in his work, including how one color can look like two?
gestalt unity
_________ occurs when compositional and conceptual unity work together
sculpture
a ______ is no longer a relief when it can be viewed from all sides
pointillism
a late nineteenth century painting style that used short strokes of differing colors that optically combine to form new perceived colors
color perception
is dependent on our individual character, background, and nature
golden section
known since the Renaissance, this is the use of mathematical formulas to determine perfect proportions
atmospheric perspective
makes use of shades of color and clarity to create the illusion of depth
foreshortening
perspective technique that depicts a form at a very oblique angle to the viewer
secondary colors
produced by mixing two primary colors
additive colors
produced from light; turns white
subtractive color
produced from pigments; turns muddy
bioart
reflects the passage of time through the natural processes of growth and decay that organic materials undergo
representational, non-objective, abstraction, space, foreground, background
the 6 formal qualities of art
The School of Athens
the Italian painter showed sensitivity to proportion in this work
Six Persimmons
the artist used asymmetrical balance to reflect on life and spirituality in this work
Monogram
the artist used variety to energize this work and to challenge the viewers
El Anatusui
the artist's work references the colonial history of Africa and the impact of modern consumerism on cultural values
elements of art
the basic vocabulary of art
art
the communication of ideas and emotions
abstraction
the degrees to which an image is altered from an easily recognizable subject
hierarchical scale
the deliberate use of relative size in a work in order to communicate differences in importance
value
the lightness or darkness of a plane or area
color
the optical effect caused when reflected when light of the spectrum is divided into separate wavelengths
foreground
the part of a work depicted closest to the viewer's space
background
the part of the work depicted farthest from the viewer's space
subject
the person, object, or space depicted in a work of art
stylistic analysis
the process of analyzing the characteristic way in which an artist or group of artists use visual language to give a work an identifiable form of visual expression
formal analysis
the process of analyzing the elements and principles used by an artist
feminist analysis
the process of considering the role of women in an artwork as its subjects, creators, patrons, and viewers
iconographic analysis
the process of identifying and interpreting the symbolic meanings of the objects and elements in artworks, often revealing insights into content
psychological analysis
the process of investigating an artwork through consideration of the state of the artist's mind
contextual analysis
the process of studying the atmosphere and ideas, often from a particular time or culture which the artwork includes and reflects
proportion
the relationship in size between a work's individual parts and the whole
scale
the size of an object or artwork relative to another object or artwork, or to a system of measurement
volume
the space filled or occupied by a three-dimensional figure or object
texture
the surface quality of a work such as fine or coarse
subject matter
the topic. This may be visually apparent or the title given to the work by the artist
geometric and organic
the two types of forms
principles of art
the ways the elements of art are constructed in a work of art
organic forms
these type of forms are made up of unpredictable, irregular planes that suggest the natural world
implied motion
when we do not actually see motion happening, but visual clues tell us that it is a key aspect of the work
Mark Tansey
who created Picasso and Braque
two-dimensional
works having height and width, but little to no depth
three-dimensional
works having height, width, and depth