Art Appreciation, Study Guide 4 & 5

A good example of the use of aquatint in creating areas of unmodulated, translucent color is the print ---------------

"Woman Bathing by Mary Cassatt."

In 1525, with the advent of moveable type, ----------- created a unified alphabet that could be mass-produced.

Albrecht Dürer

------------ was a photographer who became dissatisfied with pictorialism and promoted the idea that photography should be true to its own nature rather than trying to imitate painting.

Alfred Stieglitz

A major difference between the work of a "pure" or "straight" photographer, such as ------------ and the work of a documentary photographer, such as Dorothea Lange, is the different intentions of each photographer.

Alfred Stieglitz

The works of Henry Peach Robinson and ----------- exemplify the photographer's manipulation and combination of different photographic images in one work.

Andreas Gursky

A(n) --------- is a director whose films are marked by a consistent, individual style, and is closely involved in conceiving the idea for the film's story and writing the script.

Auteur

The earliest known printed book contains the earliest surviving woodcut image. The book was made in the 9th century C.E. in the country of -----.

China

The earliest-known woodcut was made in -----.

China

The ------ are credited with the invention of paper around 105 C.E

Chinese

Which graphic design team developed the familiar set of symbols used today to communicate information across language barriers to international travelers?

Cook and Shanosk

The 20th-century master of the fresco technique who created the work Mixtec Culture is ---------

Diego Rivera

-------- is watercolor that has been made opaque by adding inert white pigment to it.

Gouche

---------- is the most common of all drawing media.

Graphite Pencil

The Farm Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture paid photographers to document the --------------.

Great Depression

The use by artists of the camera obscura (literally dark room) began in the ------------.

Italian Renaissance

A designer's blueprint for books and magazines and other works in print is called what?

Layout

Which printing technique is especially capable of producing subtle shades of gray?

Mezzotint

Pope Julius II employed which two Italian Renaissance artists to paint frescoes for him?

Michelangelo and Raphael

One of the most celebrated 19th-century artists, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, created posters for the famous dance hall called the --------

Moulin Rouge.

What part of the pen conveys the ink to the drawing surface?

Nib

------- is an example of a nonaqueous medium.

Oil Paint

The American graphic designer who created some of the most memorable logos for IBM, UPS, and ABC is ----------.

Paul Rand

Because this 20th-century artist, ------- dated most of his drawings over the course of his lifetime, we have nearly a complete visual record of his mind at work.

Picasso

What is pigment in paint?

Powdered color

According to the author, graphic design as we know it today has its roots in two developments. They are what?

Printing press and Industrial Revolution

What are the two main differences between prints and most other forms of art?

Prints are made using indirect process and this process results in multiples of the same image

Man Ray created mysterious images, called --------- which looked like ordinary photographs but did not require a camera to record them.

Rayograms

A rubber stamp creates what type of print?

Relief

What are the four basic printmaking processes?

Screen printing, relief, lithography, intaglio

------------- is closely associated with Alfred Stieglitz's assertion that for photography to be an art, it should be true to its own nature.

The Steerage

The Dada movement was formed as a reaction to what?

WW1

The idea that a print is made from a matrix has been altered by the use of an --------- printer to make prints.

artist quality

In oil painting, linseed oil acts as a ------

binder

The difference in the color and consistency of different types of crayons and pastels is due to the use of different -------.

binders

In fresco painting, a drawing called a ------- is transferred to the prepared surface prior to applying the pigment.

cartoon

The supervision by one individual or group over the artistic expression of another individual or group is known as -----------.

censorship

Vonne Jacquette's Three Mile Island, Night I uses the medium of -----.

charcoal

The development of ------------ in the 19th century introduced the widespread use of color in posters.

color lithography

Graphic design used to be known as -------- art.

commercial

A daguerreotype was an early photographic method created using a -------- covered with ---------.

copper plate, silver iodine

Although symbols convey information and embody ideas, they have no meaning in themselves; their meaning is invented by ------- use; and the ideas they embody may change radically with ----

cultural, time

Dada collage artist Hannah Höch used "found" photographs to express a. artistic composition. b. the overwhelming experience of the mechanized city. c. disgust with a civilization that allowed the slaughter of World War I. d. all of these: artistic composition; the overwhelming experience of the mechanized city; and disgust with a civilization that allowed the slaughter of World War I. e. None of these answers is correct.

d. all of these: artistic composition; the overwhelming experience of the mechanized city; and disgust with a civilization that allowed the slaughter of World War I.

A nonaqueous paint is one that ------- in something other than water.

dissolves

A traditional metalpoint ground recipe calls for a mixture of a. bone ash. b. glue. c. white pigment. d. water. e. All of the answers are correct.

e. All of the answers are correct.

Leonardo da Vinci used drawings to explore ideas in a. art. b. mathematics. c. science. d. engineering. e. All these answers are correct

e. All these answers are correct

One of the advantages of oil painting is that it dries very slowly. This allows for a. a subtle blending of colors. b. the painting to be reworked indefinitely. c. the application of layers of paint on top of one another. d. an almost infinite range of consistencies. e. All these answers are correct

e. All these answers are correct

________ is/are among the materials besides paper that have provided support for drawings. a. Papyrus b. Cave walls c. Silk d. Fired clay e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

Technically, tempera is paint in which the vehicle is in an --------.

emulsion

The painting technique used in the first century in Egypt, Greece, and Rome that involves the use of wax is -------

encaustic

Two ancient painting media that are still in use today are ------- and ------

encaustic and fresco

What are the techniques of intaglio printing?

engraving, dry point, mezzotint, etching, aquatint, and photogravure

The Lumière brothers invented the first workable -------------.

film projector

In Shahzia Sikander's I from 51 Ways of Looking ------- was used as the medium.

graphite

In 1878, Eadweard Muybridge photographed a galloping horse, and discovered what?

horses occasionally gallop with all four hooves off the guard

An image created to accompany words is called an ----------.

illustration

In printmaking, where multiple images are made from the same original design, each individual print is called an --------

impression

In 1888 the ------- camera changed the history of photography by making photography easily accessible to the general public.

kodak

One of the main differences between the intaglio and the relief printing processes is that with intaglio the ink --------- the surface of the printing plate.

lies below

The printing technique invented by a German playwright in search of an inexpensive means of publishing his plays is --------

lithography

Cassidy Curtis's Graffiti Archaeology is organized by ------- and to effectively display its subject.

location

A ----- is often the first and key element in creating a complete corporate identity.

logo

The predecessor of the graphite pencil, especially popular during the Renaissance, is ----------.

metal point

Except in the case of ------- identical multiple impressions are printed to create editions in printmaking.

monotype

Designing for the Web adds the potential for ------- and ---------reactions to choices made by a visitor to the site.

motion, interactivity

Early examples of art photography often imitated the -------- form of painting.

narrative

Artists primarily used the camera obscura to produce --------- drawings of the world

naturalistic

Despite an enthusiastic public acceptance, the success of the daguerreotype was limited by the inability to make multiple images from -------.

one negative

The creation of a photographic body of work around an event, place, or culture is known as -----------.

photojournalism

The coloring material in virtually all drawing media is known as ------

pigment

Lithography is a ----------- process, which means that the printing surface is flat, not raised.

planographic

In buon fresco, or true fresco, pigment is mixed with water and applied to wet ------

plaster

The style used by Georges Seurat in Café-concert is --------.

pointillism

Julia Margaret Cameron is renowned for her ------

portraits

After building a canvas and before painting it, a painter generally applies a coat of -------

primer

The ------------ first made it possible to devise a notice that could be reproduced in large numbers and distributed widely.

printing press

In printmaking, a plate or block will be cancelled so that no more ----can be made from it.

prints

One of the most effective and easiest ways for a company to change its image is to -------- its logo

redesign

Printing impressions on top of one another from separate blocks in order to achieve full-color woodcut prints requires careful alignment of the paper, known as --------.

registration

W. Bradford Paley's TextArc program uses an entire text of a book and displays all of the text on ------- allowing users to explore relationships between its words.

screen

Graphic design has its goal the communication of some -------- message to a group of people.

specific

Andy Warhol's film Empire is a film about watching ---- pass.

time

Watercolor's primary characteristic is its ---------.

transparency

Nam Jun Pak is best known for ------- art

video

Artists like Peter Campus became interested in video because ------------ could be electronically manipulated into interesting images.

video signals

In metalpoint, lines are drawn with a silver ----- onto a surface coated with a preliminary coating of paint.

wire

The ancient symbol from Chinese philosophy that embodies a worldview of mutual interdependence is the --------- symbol.

yin-yang