Art Chapter 7

ground

the surface onto which paint is applied, consisting of sizing plus primer.

impasto

thick paint applied to a surface in a heavy manner, having the appearance and consistency of butter paste or of cake frosting.

Gouache ( opaque)

Resembles watercolor except that the vehicle includes small amounts of fine chalk powder that makes it opaque

Anne Trutt

Return Used acrylic

John Singer Sargent

Rio de Santa Maria Formosa, Venice Watercolor

Jeremy Blake

Sodium Fox DVD collage, uses poem by David Berman

support require sealing to lessen their absorptive qualities and to smooth them by filling in the pores of the material

sealant is called size

Watercolor

Paint that uses water-soluble gum as the binder and water as the vehicle. Transparency

Pros and cons of Acrylic

Binder is acrylic polymer, a synthetic resin that provides a fast-drying flexible film. Because acrylic resin binder is transparent, colors maintain high degree of intensity. Rarely darken or yellow with age. Has quick drying time

Tom Wudl

Rembrandt's Indulgence was Van Gogh's Dilemma Uses oil, Trompe l'oeil qualities

Keltie Ferris

++++****)))) Uses spray paint

Acrylic

A clear synthetic resin used as a binder in acrylic paint and as a casting material in sculpture

Matte

A dull finish or surface, especially in painting, photography, and ceramics

What is a support

A physical material that provides the base for and sustains a 2D work of art. Surface that artist paints on.

Primer

A primary layer of paint applied to a surface that is to be painted. Used to create a uniform surface (usually white)

Airbrushes

A small-scale paint sprayer that allows the artist to control a fine mist of paint A small-scale paint sprayer capable of projecting a fine, controlled mist of paint it provides an even paint application without the personal touch of individual brush strokes , and it is therefore well suited to creating subtle gradations of color.

Glaze

A very thin transparent film of color applied over a previously painted surface. Give depth to painting surfaces by allowing light to pass through and reflect from lower paint layers

Tempera

A water-based paint that uses egg yolk as a binder.

Pigment

Any coloring agent made from natural or synthetic substances, used in paints or drawing, usually in the form of very fine powder. "Provides color"

Pros and Cons of Oil

Can provide increased opacity(yields better covering power), and when thinned, greater transparency. Also it's slow drying time whihc allows artists to blend strokes of color and make changes during the painting process. Colors in oil change little when drying. BUT the binder has a tendency to darken and yellow slightly with age

Diego Rivera

Detroit Industry Fresco

How does drawing and painting connect?

Drawing isi often a natural prelude to painting, and painting is often drawing with paint.

Portrait of a Boy

Encaustic

Direct Painting

Executing a painting in one sitting, applying wet over wet colors

Pros and Cons of Egg Tempera

Good for achieving sharp lines and precise details, and it does not darken with age, but colors change during drying, and tempera dries rapidly

Zhang Daqian

Hidden Valley, After Guo XI Watercolor

Watercolor is a demanding medium because...

It does not permit easy corrections or changes

Vehicle

Liquid emulsion used as a carrier or spreading agent in paints the vehicle makes the paint a liquid and can be added to the paint for thinning

Jan Van Eyck

Madonna and Child With the Chancellor Rolin Uses oil

Casein

Milk protein used as a binder in opaque water-based paint

Opaque

Non-translucent. Also called gouache

Fresco ( true fresco or buon fresco )

Painting technique in which pigments suspended in water are applied to a damp lime-plaster surface. Pigments dry to become a part of the plaster wall or surface. Colors reach greatest intensity 50-100 years after a fresco is painted The vehicle is water, and the binder is the lime present in the damp plaster.

All Paints consist of three ingredients...

Pigment, Binder, and Vehicle

Paint surface requires a...

Support

Baroque Period

The 17th century period in Europe characterized in the visual arts by dramatic light and shade, turbulent composition, and pronounced emotional expression

Sandro Botticelli

The Story of Nastagio Degli Onesti Tempera

Calligraphy

The art of beautiful writing. Broadly a flowing use of line, often varying from thick to thin

Binder

The sticky substance that holds the pigment particles together and attaches the pigment to the surface

Joan Mitchell

Untitled Uses oil pain

Lita Albuquerque

Wind Painting 01.08.12, 1:10:44 PM PST

What are some common supports?

Wood panel, stretched canvas, and paper

Gesso

a mixture of glue chalk, thinned with water and applied as a ground before painting with oil or egg tempera . A chalky water-based liquid that dries to a bright white

Size

any of several substances Made from glue, wax, or clay, used as a filler for porous material such as paper, canvas, or other cloth. Used to protect the surface from the deteriorating effects of paint, particularly oil paint.

Encaustic

are suspended in hot beeswax, resulting in lustrous surfaces that bring out full richness of colors. A type of painting in which pigment is suspended in a binder of hot beeswax. Wax is both binder and vehicle

most common today is white rag paper

because of its superior absorbency and long-lasting qualities.

Fresno Secco ( dry fresco )

done on finished, dry, lime-plaster walls

in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, major advances in the chemical industry made it possible to produce synthetic pigments that extend the available range of stable colors

ground minerals and dried plant juices were the most common pigment sources in ancient times

when applied thickly

it is called impasto ( oil paint works best for this technique )

Examples of Binder

linseed oil or acrylic polymer

wood and canvas require sizing

paper used for watercolor does not use sizing

pigment must

pigments colors must be stable while drying and resist fading over time.