AVIT 309 Chapters 1-7

2.5: To what altitude can humans fully physiologically acclimatize?

10,000

2.8: What altitudes apply to the Physiological Deficient Zone?

10,000 to 50,000 feet

2.10: What is the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen at SL?

159 mmHg

2.4: How long does a human take to fully physiologically acclimatize to a given altitude?

18.4 Days per mile of altitude

2.1: How much does temperature decrease per 1,000 feet as we ascend into the atmosphere?

3.5 Degrees

1.4: According to NASA's studies on loss of control inflight (LOC-I) accidents, what percentage occurred from the aircrew's "inappropriate response or interaction with aircraft equipment?

46%

2.9: Where does the Space Equivalent Zone begin?

50,000 feet

1.1: According to FAA experts, what percentage of aviation accidents are caused by human influence?

60-80%

1.2: When the U.S. military first invested time and resources into aviation training what number of pilots died from "pilot error" out of the first 100 fatalities?

90

3.6: What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood stream called?

Alveoli

3.1: What is the basic definition of respiration?

An exchange of gases between a living organism and its environment

2.3: Where is atmospheric pressure the densest?

Below 10,000 feet

3.2: Proper oxygenation of what cell(s) in the respiration process are most important for aviators?

Brain Cells/Neurons

3.3: The primary control for respiration in humans is regulated by what gas?

Carbon Dioxide

4.1: What is the first human function lost to hypoxia?

Cognition

2.12: What physiological issue does Henry's Law apply to?

Evolved Gas

3.9: What do oxygen molecules bind to in the transport process?

Hemoglobin

2.15: What physiological issue does Dalton's Law apply to?

Hypoxia

4.2: What are the four types of hypoxia?

Hypoxic, hyperemic, histotoxic, stagnant

2.6: What is percentage of oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere?

O2 21% & N2 78%

3.4: The secondary control for respiration in humans is regulated by what gas?

Oxygen

3.10: What four elements need to be maintained in humans for homeostasis with your environment?

Oxygen, nutrition, rest, hydration

2.13: What physiological issue does Charles' Law apply to?

Pressure Gauge Fluctuation

3.8: What cell is responsible to transport oxygen in the cardiovascular system?

Red Blood Cell

2.14: What physiological issue does Graham's Law apply to?

Respiration

1.3: What civilian aviation safety organization was the first, and when were they established?

Royal Aeronautical Society in 1866

2.7: What altitudes apply to the Zone of Physiologic Efficiency?

Sea Level to 10,000 feet

2.2: Where does temperature stabilize in the atmosphere?

The top of the troposphere

2.11: What physiological issue does Boyle's Law apply to?

Trapped Gas

3.5: True or false: human respiration can be voluntarily controlled?

True

3.7: What are the four phases of respiration?

Ventilation, Respiration, transportation, utilization