BIO 231: Chapter 7 questions

The frontal and parietal bones articulate at the _____ suture.

coronal

The four largest sutures that form the boundaries between the cranial bones are the

coronal, lambdoid, sagittal, and squamosal

Which set includes only bones of the cranium?

ethmoid, temporal, and occipital bones

Which set includes only foramina found in the sphenoid bone?

foramen ovale, optic foramen, foramen rotundum

The only unpaired bones of the face are the

mandible and vomer

The temporomandibular joint is the articulation between the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone and the ____________ of the mandible

mandibular condyle

The clavicles articulate with the _____ of the sternum.

manubrium

The three parts of the sternum are the

manubrium, body and xiphoid process

The last of the sternal components to ossify, and the one most likely to damage the heart or liver if broken, is the

xiphoid process

The bony portion of the nasal septum is formed by the

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and vomer.

The articulation between the left and right parietal bones is the

sagittal suture

The bony enclosure that houses the pituitary gland is the

sella turcica

The word root xiphos most nearly means

sword

The mandible articulates with the _____ bone.

temporal

When does the cranium normally stop growing?

upon closure of sutures

The inferior part of the nasal septum is formed by the

vomer

Shaking one's head from side to side (as in gesturing "no") is the primary action facilitated by the articulation between which bones?

atlas and axis

Three tiny bones called ____________ are housed within each temporal bone.

auditory ossicles

Which of the following are classified as bones associated with the skull?

auditory ossicles and hyoid bone

The two main components of a typical vertebra are the

body and vertebral arch

The vertebra that articulates with the skull is the

atlas

All of the following are characteristics of the maxillae except

articulate with all other facial bones

A prominent feature of the temporal bone is the ____________, a passageway for a major artery that supplies blood to the brain.

carotid canal

Transverse foramina distinguish ____________ vertebrae from all other types.

cervical

Which sequence proceeds down the vertebral column from the skull?

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

Except for parts of the skull and the ____________, bones of the axial skeleton form almost entirely through ____________ ossification.

clavicles; endochondral

The secondary or ____________ curves of the vertebral column help shift the weight of the trunk over the legs.

compensation

Fibrous membrane remnants between the cranial bones at birth are called

fontanels

The compression of an infant's skull bones at birth is facilitated by spaces between unfused cranial bones called

fontanels

Which set includes only bones that compose the nasal complex?

frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

The paranasal sinuses are located in which bones?

frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones and maxilla

Which of the following sets includes only features of cranial bones?

glabella, sella turcica, hypoglossal canal, zygomatic process

Ribs 11 and 12 are called floating ribs because they

have no connection to the sternum

Damage to the temporal bone would most likely impair the sense of

hearing

Which bone has no direct articulation with any other?

hyoid

Some muscles that control the tongue and larynx are attached to the

hyoid bone

All of the following are foramina in the sphenoid except the

hypoglossal canal

Making up approximately one-quarter of the entire vertebral column, ____________ act as shock absorbers between adjacent vertebral bodies.

intervertebral discs

The duct that drains tears into the nasal cavity is most closely associated with which bone?

lacrimal

In addition to humidifying and warming inhaled air, the ____________ lining the paranasal sinuses provides protective functions typical of all such tissues.

mucous epithelium

Of the three pairs of scroll-like ____________ located in the lateral walls of the nasal cavity, only the inferior pair are separate bones.

nasal conchae

The atlas articulates with which structures?

occipital condyles

Each temporal bone articulates with the

occipital, zygomatic, sphenoid, and parietal bones, and the mandible.

Which bones form the hard palate?

palatine bones and maxillae

The large, fan-shaped muscle that closes the mouth is attached to the ____________ bone and the ____________ of the mandible.

parietal; coronoid process

The costal groove along the inferior border of the internal surface of a rib marks

path of nerves and blood vessels

The axial skeleton includes all but which of the following components?

pelvic girdle

Which cranial bone articulates with every other cranial bone?

sphenoid

In the posterior midline of the vertebral arch, the ____________ projects posteriorly from the right and left laminae.

spinous process

Most _____ vertebrae have a long spinous process that is angled inferiorly.

thoracic

Which vertebrae articulate with the ribs?

thoracic

The primary, or accommodation, curves of the vertebral column are the ____________ curves.

thoracic and sacral

Which set includes only bones of the face?

zygomatic bone, vomer, and palatine bone