Bio Chapter 3

The volume of water in the beaker will decrease.

A balloon permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. What will happen when the balloon is submerged in the beaker?

The solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker.

A balloon permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. Which of the following is TRUE?

can involve the transport of ions, can move solutes against their concentration gradient, and uses ATP as an energy source (all of the answer options)

Active transport ________.

only plant cells have a cytoskeleton

All of the following are differences between animal and plant cells except

produces proteins

All of the following are functions of the cytoskeletal system except

expand

Cells with a higher concentration of ions than the surrounding medium tend to ________.

exocytosis

Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. Which of the following processes could be responsible for its secretion?

proceeds until equilibrium is reached

Diffusion _____.

passive transport

Diffusion is an example of ________.

mitochondria

During a race such as a marathon, the skeletal muscle cells in your legs use a lot of energy to continually contract and power your muscles. What organelle is most likely abundant is skeletal muscle cells?

transport proteins... down

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and drug detoxification

Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include _____.

attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

Hormones secreted from a cell are usually manufactures by ribosomes ____.

digest itself

If a cell's lysosomes burst, the cell would ____.

the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?(lysis=the cell bursts)

become turgid

In a hypotonic solution, a plant cell will ________.

cytoplasm

In eukaryotic cells, what name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane?

central vacuoles

In plant cells, ____ may contain organic nutrients, pigments, and poisons.

digestion of organic matter inside the cell

Lysosomes are responsible for____.

cilia, cell shape, and flagella (all of the answer choices)

Microtubules are associated with ____.

A < B < C < D

On a lab bench, there are four balloons filled with identical volumes of different salt solutions: 0% (balloon A), 5% (balloon B), 10% (balloon C), and 15% (balloon D). There are also four beakers each filled with identical volumes of a 10% salt solution. The balloons are semi-permeable; that is, only water can enter and exit the balloon. All four balloons are placed in separate beakers at the same time and are allowed to come to equilibrium. Which is the correct order of balloon volumes at equilibrium?

the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Osmosis can be defined as ________.

cell wall and a central vacuole

Plant cells, unlike animal cells, are characterized by the presence of a ____.

phagocytosis

The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is ________.

phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane

The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ____.

Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the endoplasmic reticulum

The endomembrane system includes____.

membranous sacs

Vacuoles are ____.

transport vesicles

What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus?

have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water

When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they____.

exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration

When two solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will ________.

prokaryotic

When using a microscope to view cells you obtained from scraping under your fingernails, you notice that the cells lack nuclei; therefore, you conclude that the cells must be a type of ____ cell.

on ribosomes

Where does protein synthesis take place?

protein modification

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

regulate the traffic of chemicals in and out of the cell

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

the cristae of a mitochondrion

Which of the following is an adaptation to increase the surface area of a part of a cell that is involved in cellular respiration?

the Golgi apparatus

Which of the following parts of a cell is (are) most like the shipping center of a company?

active transport

Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings?

Increase the concentration of molecules even higher on the high concentration side.

Which of the following will increase the rate of diffusion?

chloroplast

Which plant organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

has grana which trap solar energy

Which statement is NOT true of mitochondria?

cell theory

Which theory state that all living things are composed of cells?

plant

You find a cell of a type you have seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it is likely to be a(n) ____ cell.

Phospholipids

____ are the major lipids of plasma membranes.