Bio chapter 6

Glycolysis is the multi-step breakdown of _____. Several different _____ play a role in this process.

glucose ... enzymes

In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA formation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain?

All of the steps of cellular respiration except glycolysis take place in the mitochondrion.

What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy

Unlike the Citric Acid cycle and electron transport, glycolysis occurs _____.

in the cytoplasm

Which part(s) of cellular respiration require(s) oxygen gas?

the Citric Acid cycle the electron transport chain

Cellular respiration accomplishes two major processes: (1) it breaks glucose down into smaller molecules, and (2) it harvests the chemical energy released and stores it in ATP molecules. By the end of _____, the breakdown of glucose is complete; most ATP molecules are produced during _____.

the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport

Which part(s) of cellular respiration take(s) place in the mitochondria?

the Citric Acid cycle and the electron transport chain

NADH and FADH2 are important in cellular respiration because they deliver high-energy electrons to the electron transport system. Electron transport produces _____ ATP molecule(s) per NADH molecule and _____ ATP molecules(s) per FADH2 molecule.

three ... two

In electron transport, high-energy electrons "fall" to oxygen through a series of reactions. The energy released is used to _____.

transport protons into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, where they become concentrated. They then flow back out into the the inner compartment (matrix) of the mitochodria. On the way back, protons turn ATP synthase turbines and produce ATP

In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.

2

For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.

10 For each glucose molecule that enters glycolosis, a total of 10 NADH are produced -- 2 are produced in glycolysis, 2 are produced in acetyl CoA production, and 6 are produced in the citric acid cycle.

How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?

2

In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?

ATP

Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?

FADH2 is a product of the citric acid cycle.

Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?

Glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid, takes place in the cytosol, outside the mitochondria.

Which statement describes glycolysis

In glycolysis, glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid. The released energy is stored in ATP and the electron carrier NADH.

Which statement describes the electron transport chain?

In the electron transport chain, electrons move from one electron carrier to another, eventually reaching oxygen. The released energy is used to make ATPs.

During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.

NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space

The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _____.

Oxygen is combined with electrons and hydrogen to form water.

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Oxygen accepts high-energy electrons after they are stripped from glucose

Which statement describes the citric acid cycle? The citric acid cycle breaks down carbon molecules, releasing carbon dioxide and forming some ATP.

The citric acid cycle breaks down carbon molecules, releasing carbon dioxide and forming some ATP.

Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration.

glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain

The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is _____.

kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient

In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____.

oxidative phosphorylation

Cellular respiration requires fuel (glucose) and oxygen gas. The main process that produces these inputs is _____.

photosynthesis

In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by

substrate-level phosphorylation

What is/are the most important output(s) of glycolysis?

two pyruvic acid and two NADH molecules