bio chapter 9 quiz
state 3 things that happen due do an oxidation reaction
1. a molecule will have an oxygen attached to it 2. electrons could be lost 3. protons could also be lost
state 3 things that could happen due to reduction
1. an oxygen atom could be chemically removed from a compound 2. electrons could be gained 3. protons could also be gained
rank these colors from greatest to least for their rate of photosynthesis
1. blue 2. red 3. purple
how many PGAL molecules are manufactured during the light independent reaction of photosynthesis
12
how many PGAL molecules are needed to make glucose
2
describe the use of water in light dependent reactions
2H₂O is split into 4e- that are used to make NADPH, 4H+ that fuel ATP production, and O₂ that is given off as waste
why is chlorophyll green
it reflects green wavelengths and absorbs the others
how is ATP manufactured during light dependent reactions
light is absorbed in the chlorophyll, and 2 waters are split into 2H+ and 2 e-. then the H+ is used to make ATP from ADP and a phosphate.
Define the second law of thermodynamics
no energy transformation is ever 100% efficient, there will always be a "loss" of energy to an unwanted form
why would a plant die after some time without sunlight
no light would not allow ATP or NADPH to form, so the calvin cycle could not happen, which would stop glucose production
what is the name of the enzyme that fixes CO₂ and RuBP
rubisco
how is NADPH manufactured in the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis
sunlight causes water to split into electrons and protons, so the e- combines with NADP+ to form NADPH
where do light independent reactions occur
the stroma of the chloroplast
where do light dependent reactions occur
the thylakoid in the chloroplast
in what way are NADPH and ATP used by plants
they fuel the calvin cycle
what is the formula for photosythesis
6CO₂ + 12H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆+6O₂+6H₂O
what enzyme is used to manufacture ATP
ATP synthase
what gas is needed for the light independent reactions to occur? how many molecules are needed?
CO₂; 6 of them
Define the first law of thermodynamics
Energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed
in photosynthesis, where do electons (e-1) and protons (H+) come from
H20
what 5 carbon sugar does CO₂ combine with as it enters the reactions
RuBP
name the 3 best colors for photoynthesis
blue, red purple
what pigment is the primary one that fuels photosynthesis
chlorophyll
how exactly does a plant loose water
enzymes on the inner surface of the thylakoid pull apart water molecules into 2 e-, 2H+ and an oxygen atom
what sugar is the final product of light independent reactions
glucose
