bio exam 5

What are some ways organisms can respond to temporary changes in their environment?

1. behavior response 2. anatomical response 3. physiological response

global worming ?

A gradual increase in average temperature due to the increase of CO2

What's a population?

All members of ONE species in a community

Most members of which class of chordates exhibit a mixture of aquatic and terrestrial adaptations?

Amphibia

Which mode of nutrition characteristic distinguishes animals from other eukaryotes?

Animals obtain nutrients by eating.

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?

Biotic; living things in an ecosystem Abiotic; non-living things in an ecosystem

________ are characterized body tissues, radial symmetry, and tentacles with stinging cells.

Cnidarians

human population growth ?

Growing almost exponentially for centuries and birth rate is higher than death rate in most countries

________ were the first plants that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs.

Gymnosperms

In angiosperms, what is the function of fruit?

It is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds.

Suppose that, while on a forest hike, you notice a blue fungus and a pink plant growing along the hiking trail. As you continue walking, you observe that if a blue fungus and a pink plant are growing side by side, they are both much larger than if the fungus and the plant are farther apart. What can you hypothesize about the relationship between the fungus and the plant?

The fungus and the plant have a symbiotic relationship that allows them to have more significant growth when they are near each other than when farther apart.

opportunistic life history ?

The pattern of reproducing when young and producing many offspring that receive little or no parental care; often seen in short-lived, small-bodied species.

What is ecology?

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment

Why are bryophytes considered incompletely liberated from their ancestral aquatic habitat?

Their sperm are flagellated.

Which characteristic is common to all chordates?

They all have a notochord sometime during their life cycle.

What important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?

They decompose organic material.

Why is the symbiotic relationship of truffle mushrooms and tree roots considered to be crucial to the colonization of land?

This relationship is found in some of the oldest plant fossils. Submit

One body plan, called bilateral symmetry, represents a major branch point in animal evolution and can be described as __________.

a body plan with only one way to split it into two equal halves—right down the midline

What is an ecosystem?

all of the living and nonliving things interacting in an area

You discover an organism that has scaly skin and is aquatic but returns to the land to reproduce. What else would you expect to find in this organism?

amniotic egg

Nearly all food plants are ________.

angiosperms

In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within ________.

anthers

Members of the phylum Mollusca ________

are soft-bodied and usually covered by a shell

Gymnosperms and angiosperms share multiple similarities. All of these are similarities except one. Choose the exception.

both produced flowers

Which series of terms correctly illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern groups of plants?

bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

The common ancestor of all animals is likely to have been a ________.

colonial, flagellated protist

The edible portion of a(n) ________ is a ripened ovary.

cucumber

What is a community?

different populations that live in the same area

Most animals are ________ and reproduce ________.

diploid; sexually

Placental mammals are called ________.

eutherians

________ are seedless vascular plants.

ferns

What adaptation accounts for the unparalleled success of the angiosperms?

flowers

Almost every element of bird anatomy is modified for what?

flying

Swim bladders ________.

help bony fish to maintain buoyancy

Nutritionally, all fungi are ________.

heterotrophs that acquire their nutrients by absorption

________ are the most diverse group of arthropods.

insects

What is a biome?

large regions characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities

Which group of fishes includes a lineage that migrated out of fresh water and adapted to life on land?

lobe-finned fishes

The phylogenetic tree indicates that annelids are most closely related to ________.

molluscs

In ________ the gametophyte is more obvious than the sporophyte.

mosses

equilibrial life history ?

pattern of developing and reaching sexual maturity slowly and producing few, well-cared-for offspring

You are given the task of confirming the categorization of a newly discovered marine animal that has been tagged as a species of echinoderm. What evidence would convince you that it is an echinoderm and not different marine animal such as a sponge or sea anemone?

presence of a water vascular system

A major function of a mushroom is to ________.

produce spores

Which animals have a cylindrical body that is tapered at both ends?

roundworms

The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within ovules. Once the eggs are fertilized, the ovules develop into __________.

seeds

Which diagnostic feature is specific to cartilaginous fish?

skeleton of cartilage

Radial symmetry is seen in a ________.

snowflake

A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of ________.

specialized segments

invasive species ?

species that enter new ecosystems and multiply, harming native species and their habitats

Gametophytes produce ________.

sperm and eggs

human population growth over the past years ?

steady and slow

The process of biological evolution often allows humans to survive consistent environmental stresses that occur across multiple generations. As humans colonized Earth's diverse environments, they encountered hot, dry areas and decided to settle. What trait likely offered an advantage in this environment?

the ability to produce sweat to cool their bodies

What is a carbon footprint? How can carbon footprints be reduced?

the amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon components, used by a particular person or group. can be reduced by less meat consumption, less carbon transportation and reduce waste.

ecological footprint ?

the impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.

A feature unique to mammals includes ________.

the presence of hair

population ecology ?

the study of factors that cause populations to increase or decrease

The green house effect ?

the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.

Would you expect desert plants to have a thin or thick cuticle?

thick because desert plants need to retain water in this dry environment

What are hyphae?

threadlike filaments that make up fungal bodies Submit