chapter 8 final

A ballerina who stands on the tips of her toes is performing:

plantar flexion.

Which key feature distinguishes a synovial joint from other joint types?

presence of a joint cavity

Which of the following is NOT a function of synovial fluid?

protect tendons

Where can pronation and supination occur?

proximal radioulnar joint of the forearm

Articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones serves to:

reduce friction and absorb shock.

What movement would you expect to see in a pivot joint?

rotation

What type of biaxial joint is characterized by articulating bones with a deeper complementary fit, one with a convex surface and the other with a concave surface?

saddle

Which of the following movements is an example of abduction?

spreading the fingers apart

Hyaline cartilage makes up the

articular cartilage

Synchondroses unite bones with ________ while symphyses unite bones with

hyaline cartilage; fibrocartilage

Sutures and synchondroses are similar in that they both

Are functionally classified as synarthroses.

Synovial fluid is produced by

Cells in the inner layer of the articular capsule.

In symphysis, articulating bones are

Connected by fibrocartilage.

Which of the following is a freely movable joint?

Diarthrosis.

A synarthrosis is a(n)

Immovable joint.

Which of the following is an example of a symphysis?

Intervertebral joint.

Dense connective tissue connecting one bone to another bone describes a(n)

Ligament.

A fibrocartilage disc that extends into a joint cavity describes a(n)

Meniscus.

The type of movement normally seen at pivot joints is

Rotation.

Which of the following is functionally classified as an amphiarthrosis?

Syndesmosis.

Which statement best describes tendon sheaths?

Tendon sheaths protect long tendons as they course over and around synovial joints.

While warming up for gym class, Sheila performed a set of jumping jacks. This action involves:

abduction and adduction.

Which of the following is an example of a synchondrosis?

an epiphyseal plate found between the shaft (diaphysis) and the end (epiphysis) of a long bone

Flexion and extension are types of:

angular movements.

Where would a gliding movement most likely occur?

between the intercarpal joints of the wrist

Pow! A firecracker explodes close to you. Your mouth drops open in surprise, a movement known as:

depression.

Which of the following cartilaginous joints is found only in young, growing people?

epiphyseal plate

In the knee joint, the medial meniscus is:

fibrocartilage.

Which structural joint classification is held together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue?

fibrous

What type of motion at a synovial joint does NOT involve the movement of a joint around an axis?

gliding

Classify the elbow, which is structured with the convex surface of one bone fitting into the concave depression of another bone.

hinge

Which of the following cartilaginous joints functions primarily in protection and shock absorption of the spinal column?

intervertebral disc

While walking through the parking lot to her car, Tara stepped in chewing gum. She medially rotated her foot toward the midline of the body to see the gum, performing:

inversion.

What best describes cartilaginous joints?

little, if any, motion

Where is a condylar joint found?

metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers 2-5

Classify the shoulder joint.

multiaxial (triaxial) joint

What type of joint is a ball-and-socket joint?

multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Which of the following has the greatest range of motion?

multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Which type of fibrous joint is found between bones of the cranium?

suture

Which of the following is/are classified as fibrous joints?

sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

Functionally, how are cartilaginous joints classified?

synarthroses or amphiarthroses

Which of the following best represents the functional classifications of joints ranked from least movable to most movable?

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint?

synchondrosis

Since articular cartilage is avascular, what provides oxygen and nutrients and removes metabolic wastes?

synovial fluid

The coxal joint is an articulation formed by:

the head of the femur and the acetabulum.

What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?

uniaxial