Bio Week 4 - Mo' Bones Mo' Problems

For swiveling to occur, the dens aka odontoid process of _____ articulates with the anterior arch of _____. a. axis; atlas b. atlas; axis c. atlas; C2 d. axis; C2

a. axis; atlas

The pelvis aka hip girdle is made of which bones? Select all that apply. a. coccyx b. coxal bones c. vertebral column d. sacrum

a. coccyx b. coxal bones d. sacrum

Which bone structure is INCORRECTLY described? a. diaphysis - site of hematopoiesis b. diaphysis - shaft of the bone c. All are correct. d. epiphyses - made of spongy bone e. epiphyseal plate - made of hyaline cartilage and is the boundary b/t diaphysis and epiphyses

a. diaphysis - site of hematopoiesis

The hip joint is formed by which bones? Select all that apply. a. head of the femur b. acetabulum of the hip bone c. sacrum d. L5 vertebra

a. head of the femur b. acetabulum of the hip bone

The acetabulum articulates with the head of the femur. Which bones make up the acetabulum? Select all that apply. a. ischium b. sacrum c. ilium d. pubis

a. ischium c. ilium d. pubis

Distal, posteriorly is the _____, which is a depression that receives the olecranon process of the _____ when the forearm is fully extended. Select one: a. olecranon fossa; ulna b. olecranon fossa; humerus c. olecranon fossa; radius

a. olecranon fossa; ulna

What are the bones that make up the elbow joint? Select all that apply. a. radius b. carpals c. ulna d. humerus e. metacarpals

a. radius c. ulna d. humerus

Select all that apply. Bones that make up the pectoral girdle. a. scapula b. humerus c. sternum d. clavicle

a. scapula d. clavicle

This ligament support the vertebral column during forward bending. In the posterior neck, this ligament expands to become the nuchal ligament and prevents the skull from falling forward. a. supraspinous ligament b. posterior longitudinal ligament c. anterior longitudinal ligament d. nuchal ligament

a. supraspinous ligament

Which of the following bones is (are) formed by intramembranous ossification? Select one: a. the flat bones of the cranium b. the metatarsals c. the ribs d. the femur

a. the flat bones of the cranium

Which statement is FALSE? a. transverse process - at the lumbar level these processes articulate with the ribs. b. vertebral foramen - where the spinal cord travels. c. secondary curves develop after birth d. spinous process - attachment site for the muscles and ligaments of the spine. e. humans have 2 primary and 2 secondary curves

a. transverse process - at the lumbar level these processes articulate with the ribs.

Which bone cell is INCORRECTLY matched with its descriptor? a. osteoblast - builds new bone by secreting a collagen matrix b. All are correct c. osteogenic cell - stem cell that can differentiate into into osteoblasts d. osteoclasts - involved in bone resorption e. osteocyte - mature bone cell completely surrounded by a calcified matrix

b. All are correct

hich of the following is least likely to occur when calcium levels are LOW? Select one: a. Reduced calcium uptake by the kidneys. b. Calcitonin is released. c. Calcium from the blood is deposited in bone. d. PTH is released from the parathyroid. Feedback

b. Calcitonin is released.

_____ of the occipital bone allows the spinal cord to exit the skull. ______ of the occipital bone articulates with the first cervical vertebra. a. occipital condyle; Forman magnum b. Foramen magnum; occipital condyle c. mastoid process; styloid process d. external auditory meatus; occipital condyle

b. Foramen magnum; occipital condyle

Select the FALSE statement regarding the sternum. a. made from intra-membranous ossification b. From superior to inferior the structures of the sternum are: body -> manubrium -> xiphoid process. c. the manubrium articulates with the clavicles d. the sternum articulates with the true ribs

b. From superior to inferior the structures of the sternum are: body -> manubrium -> xiphoid process.

The intervertebral disc is made of an outer fibrous _____ and an inner gel-like _____. a. lamina; transverse process b. anulus fibrosis; nucleus pulposus c. spinous process; pedicle d. nucleus pulposus; anulus fibrosis Feedback

b. anulus fibrosis; nucleus pulposus

The bones of the wrist are the _____. The bones of the palm are the _____. a. metatarsals; tarsals b. carpals; metacarpals c. metacarpals; carpals d. tarsals; metatarsals

b. carpals; metacarpals

The Humerus articulates with the _____ of the scapula, whereas the clavicles articulates with the _____. Select one: a. acromion; glenoid cavity b. glenoid cavity; acromion c. coracoid process; acromion d. clavicle; coracoid Feedback

b. glenoid cavity; acromion

The glenohumeral joint is made of which bones? Select all that apply. a. ulna b. humeral bone c. radius d. scapula e. clavicle

b. humeral bone d. scapula

The _____ is posterior to the external acoustic meatus whereas the _____ is anterior to the external acoustic meatus. a. mastoid process; styloid process b. mastoid process; temporomandibular joint c. temporomandibular joint; mastoid process d. mandibular fossa; temporomandibular joint

b. mastoid process; temporomandibular joint

Select all the bones that the humerus articulate with... Select one or more: a. clavicle b. scapula c. ulna d. radius e. tibia Feedback

b. scapula c. ulna d. radius

The _____ and transverse processes of the vertebra serve as attachment points for back muscles, whereas the _____ articulates and creates a movable joint with the vertebra above it. a. spinous process; transverse process b. spinous process; superior articular process c. superior articular process; inferior articular process d. superior articular process; spinous process

b. spinous process; superior articular process

Which of the following about the vertebral column is FALSE? a. the vertebral arch is located in the posterior vertebra and is made of the pedicles and lamina b. the thoracic and sacrococcygeal curves are secondary curves c. the adult vertebral column has 24 vertebra plus the sacrum and coccyx d. 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebra

b. the thoracic and sacrococcygeal curves are secondary curves

Select the bones that form the knee joint. a. tarsals b. tibia c. femur d. fibula e. patella

b. tibia c. femur e. patella

Organize the steps of endochondral ossification. 1. Ossification of epiphyses. 2. Perichondrium forms. 3. Mesenchymal cells differentiation into chondrocytes. 4. Cartilage and chondrocytes grow at the ends of the bone. Secondary ossification center develops. 5. Chondrocytes die and capillaries penetrate the cartilage. Primary ossification center develops. Select one: a. 3, 5, 2, 4, 1 b. 2, 3, 5, 4, 1 c. 3, 2, 5, 4, 1 d. 3, 2, 5, 1, 4

c. 3, 2, 5, 4, 1

Which of the following describes intra-membranous ossification? a. Forms the longs bones of the skeletal system. b. Ossification occurs to hyaline cartilage. c. Ossification occurs to embryonic connective tissue (mesenchyme). d. Osteoclast cells deposit the bone matrix and eventually become osteocytes.

c. Ossification occurs to embryonic connective tissue (mesenchyme).

What ligaments attach the scapula to the clavicle? a. costoclavicular ligament b. infraglenoid tubercle c. acromioclavicular ligament d. glenohumeral ligament e. supraglenoid tubercle Feedback

c. acromioclavicular ligament a. costoclavicular ligament

This ligament is commonly torn during hyperextension due to whiplash. a. ligamentum flavum b. posterior longitudinal ligament c. anterior longitudinal ligament d. supraspinous ligament

c. anterior longitudinal ligament

Which joint description is FALSE? a. acromioclavicular joint - scapula and clavicle b. distal radioulnar joint - head of the ulna and ulnar notch of the radius c. interphalangeal joint - b/t the pollen and proximal phalanges d. metacarpophalangeal joint - distal metacarpal bone and proximal flanges

c. interphalangeal joint - b/t the pollen and proximal phalanges

The _____ is the only movable skull bone. The _____ of this bone articulates with the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint. a. mandible; coronoid process b. maxilla; coronoid process c. mandible; condylar process d. maxilla; condylar process

c. mandible; condylar process

The medial clavicle attached to the _____. The lateral clavicle articulates with the _____. a. manubrium of the sternum; coracoid process of the scapula b. body of the sternum; acromion of the scapula c. manubrium of the sternum; acromion of the scapula d. body of the sternum; coracoid process of the scapula

c. manubrium of the sternum; acromion of the scapula

(Picture) The indicated structure is the _____ process of the _____ bone. a. mastoid; parietal b. styloid; temporal c. mastoid; temporal d. styloid; parietal

c. mastoid; temporal

The hard palate is made from what 2 bones? a. zygomatic bone and maxilla b. vomer and maxilla c. maxilla and palatine bone d. maxilla and mandible

c. maxilla and palatine bone

(picture pointed to back on skull) What bone is indicated? a. frontal b. temporal c. parietal d. zygomatic

c. parietal

(inferior view of cranium) Which statement is TRUE regarding the indicated structure? a. sits on top of the axis. b. is where the spinal cord exits the cranium c. sits on top of the atlas. d. part of the temporal bone

c. sits on top of the atlas.

What bones form the ankle? Select all that apply. a. metatarsal b. hallux c. tarsal d. fibula e. tibia

c. tarsal d. fibula e. tibia

Which vertebra is INCORRECTLY described? a. lumbar vertebra - largest vertebral bodies b. thoracic vertebra - have costal facets that articulate with the rib head. c. thoracic vertebra - have an opening called the transverse foramen that allows the carotid artery to provide blood to the brain. d. cervical vertebra - have a bifid spinous process

c. thoracic vertebra - have an opening called the transverse foramen that allows the carotid artery to provide blood to the brain.

The spinal cord is located in the _____. Pedicles of each vertebra form the _____ which allows spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column. a. intervertebral foramina; transverse foramina b. intervertebral foramina; vertebral formann c. vertebral foramen; intervertebral foramina d. transverse foramina; intervertebral foramina

c. vertebral foramen; intervertebral foramina

Which vertebra does the superior articular process of the sacrum articulate with? a. T5 b. L4 c. C5 d. L5

d. L5

This bone forms the floor of the anterior cranial fossa. The Crista Galli protrudes from this bone and attaches to one of the membranes of the brain. a. maxilla b. sphenoid bone c. vomer d. ethmoid bone

d. ethmoid bone

The upper portion of the septum is formed from the perpendicular plate of the _____ bone. The lower portion is made from the _____ bone. Select one: a. nasal concha; ethmoid bone b. vomer; ethmoid c. maxilla; vomer d. ethmoid; vomer

d. ethmoid; vomer

The _____ is the superior region of the pelvis and houses the intestines. Inferiorly, the _____ contains the bladder and other pelvic organs. a. pelvic outlet; pelvic inlet b. lesser pelvis; greater pelvis c. true pelvis; false pelvis d. false pelvis; true pelvis

d. false pelvis; true pelvis

The bone of the thigh is the _____. The bone of the medial leg is the _____, whereas the bone of the lateral leg is the _____. a. tibia; fibula; femur b. femur; fibula; tibia c. fibula; femur; tibia d. femur; tibia; fibula

d. femur; tibia; fibula

The lateral maleolus is the distal _____. The medial malleolus is the distal ____. a. tibia; fibula b. radius; ulna c. ulna; radius d. fibula; tibia

d. fibula; tibia

This bone is bordered anteriorly by the _____ bone, inferiorly by the _____ bone, and posteriorly by the _____ bone. Select one: a. maxillary; occipital; temporal b. temporal; frontal; occipital c. frontal; occipital; temporal d. frontal; temporal; occipital

d. frontal; temporal; occipital

Which ligament IS NOT involved with the stabilizing the elbow joint? a. ulnar collateral ligament b. radial collateral ligament c. annular ligament d. humeral ligament

d. humeral ligament

This U-shaped bone is located in the upper neck and serves as a base for the tongue muscle. a. mandible b. maxilla c. vomer d. hyoid

d. hyoid

A temporary state of Hypercalcemia is induced following a high calcium meal. Which of the following occurs? a. calcium exertion by the kidneys is decreased b. osteoclast resorption of bone c. parathyroid hormone is released d. osteoblast deposition of calcium into bone Feedback

d. osteoblast deposition of calcium into bone

Phosphate from sodas can interfere with calcium absorption, inducing a state of hypocalcemia. All of the following occurs except... a. increased vitamin D synthesis b. osteoclasts initiate bone resorption c. increased retention of calcium by the kidneys d. osteoblast stimulation and deposition of calcium into bone

d. osteoblast stimulation and deposition of calcium into bone

_____ is the lateral bone of the ante-brachium. _____ is the medial bone of the ante-brachium. a. ulna; radius b. humerus; ulna c. humerus; radius d. radius; ulna

d. radius; ulna

Considered the keystone bone of the skull. The sella turcica is in the midline of this bone and houses the pituitary gland. a. hard palate b. ethmoid c. maxilla d. sphenoid

d. sphenoid

Which of the statements regarding the hip joint and hip bones is FALSE? a. the femur articulates with the acetabulum b. pubis is the anterior bone of the hip c. ischium is the posterior bone of the hip d. the hip bone is made of the ilium, ischium, and femur e. ilium is the superior bone of the hip

d. the hip bone is made of the ilium, ischium, and femur

Which bone is INCORRECTLY matched with its descriptor? a. sternum - flat bone b. All are correct. c. carpal - short bone d. vertebra - short bone e. femur - long bone

d. vertebra - short bone

In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes? Select one: a.They group together to form the primary ossification center. b.They develop into osteocytes. c.They grow and form the periosteum. d.They die in the calcified matrix that surrounds them and form the medullary cavity.

d.They die in the calcified matrix that surrounds them and form the medullary cavity.

Which term is CORRECTLY matched with its descriptor? a. compact bone - contains trabeculae. b. spongy bone - made of multiple layers of lacunae called lamellae. c. articular cartilage - found at the diaphyses. d. periosteum - located deep to the bone and is avascular (not vascular). e. osteon - a component of compact bone where nerves are located.

e. osteon - a component of compact bone where nerves are located.

At the distal, medial humerus the _____ articulates with the ulna bone, whereas the _____ articulates with the radius bone. a. coronoid fossa; olecranon fossa b. capitulum; trochlea c. olecranon fossa; coronoid fossa d. medial epicondyle; lateral epicondyle e. trochlea; capitulum

e. trochlea; capitulum