Biology 1 sem 2

Where does transcription take place? 1. Nucleus 2. Mitochondria 3. Ribosome 4. Cell membrane

1. Nucleus

What are the 3 differences between RNA and DNA? (mark 3 answers) 1. RNA is single stranded, DNA is double 2. DNA uses thymine, RNA uses uracil 3. RNA has 3 base pairs, DNA has 4 4. DNA sugar is deoxyribose, RNA sugar is ribose 5. RNA is found in the nucleus, DNA is found in the cytoplasm

1. RNA is single stranded, DNA is double 2. DNA uses thymine, RNA uses uracil 4. DNA sugar is deoxyribose, RNA sugar is ribose

What is the process of DNA being made into an mRNA called? 1. Transcription 2. Translation

1. Transcription

What are the subunits/building blocks of a protein called (i.e. what makes a protein)? 1. Simple sugars 2. Amino Acids 3. Nucleotides 4.Lipids

2. Amino Acids

What is the process of mRNA being made into a protein called? 1. Transcription 2. Translation

2. Translation

Mark the correct tRNA sequence that would be made from the sequence of mRNA you chose for question #9 above: 1. ATG AAT CCG ATC 2. UAC UUA GGC UAG 3. AUG AAT CCG ATC 4. AUG AAU CCG AUC

2. UAC UUA GGC UAG

What is a 3 letter sequence of mRNA called? 1. Gene 2. Chromosome 3. Codon 4. Anti-codon

3. Codon

Where does translation take place? 1. Nucleus 2. Mitochondria 3. Ribosome 4. Cell membrane

3. Ribosome

Use the codon chart to find the amino acid sequence for this same strand from question #'s 9 and 10 above. (you need to know which strand to look at) 1. Start Lysine Proline Isoleucine 2. Start Asparagine Proline Threonine 3. Start Asparagine Proline Isoleucine 4. Asparagine Proline Isoleucine

3. Start Asparagine Proline Isoleucine

What are three types of RNA? 1. cRNA, tRNA, rRNA 2. tRNA, mRNA, cRNA 3. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA 4. mRNA, cRNA, tRNA

3. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

Mark the correct mRNA sequence that would be made from this sequence of DNA: TAC TTA GGC TAG 1. ATG AAT CCG ATC 2. UAC UUA GGC UAG 3. AUG AAT CCG ATC 4. AUG AAU CCG AUC

4. AUG AAU CCG AUC

DNA polymerase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand

Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand

Which of the following are double ringed nitrogen bases? (choose two correct answers) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine

Adenine Guanine

Which enzyme 'unzips' (splits in half) the double helix to allow for DNA replication? DNA Helicase DNA Polymerase DNA Ligase None of these

DNA Helicase

How are DNA, RNA, and proteins connected? DNA codes for proteins, which code for RNA DNA codes for RNA, which codes for proteins RNA codes for DNA, which codes for proteins Proteins code for RNA, which codes for DNA

DNA codes for RNA, which codes for proteins

Avery's experiment showed: the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA a "transforming principle" determines traits DNA is the transforming principle

DNA is the transforming principle

Which of the following would be the complementary strand to this strand: CCAGTTG AACTGGT GGTCAAC TTGACCA CCAGTTG

GGTCAAC

What scientist(s) is known as the father of heredity through his work with breeding pea plants to discover heredity patterns? Erwin Chargaff Watson and Crick Rosalind Franklin Gregor Mendel

Gregor Mendel

Which scientist(s) worked with X-ray diffraction to show that DNA is a double helix through photo51. Gregor Mendel Erwin Chargaff Rosalind Franklin Watson and Crick

Rosalind Franklin

What is the complementary DNA strand for a strand with the nucleotide sequence AACCCGGTTTG? (HInt: opposite) GGAAATTCCCTT TTAAACCGGGA TTGGGCCAAAC CCGGGTTAAAT

TTGGGCCAAAC

Which of the following are pyrimidines? (choose two correct answers) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine

Thymine Cytosine

Which scientist(s) won the Nobel Prize for Science for building the first model of DNA to show its structure? Gregor Mendel Rosalind Franklin Erwin Chargaff Watson and Crick

Watson and Crick

Griffith's experiments with mice and S and R type bacteria showed: the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA a "transforming principle" determines traits DNA is the transforming principle

a "transforming principle" determines traits

DNA ligase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand

binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand

DNA gets its name from its sugar called _____________________ glucose sucrose ribose deoxyribose

deoxyribose

Which part of DNA makes up the backbone or sides of the double helix? (choose 2 correct answers) nitrogen base deoxyribose sugar phosphate group none of these

deoxyribose sugar phosphate group

Combining the work of other scientists with their own research, Watson and Crick discovered that two strands of DNA join together to form a(n): nucleotide X in a circle double helix covalent bond

double helix

DNA stores _________. hereditary information fat carbohydrates energy

hereditary information

The nitrogen bases in the two strands of DNA are held together by: ionic bonds hydrogen bonds peptide bonds covalent bonds

hydrogen bonds

RNA primase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand

inserts RNA primers

The four types of nucleotides that make up DNA are named for their: hydrogen bonds phosphate groups ring-shaped sugars nitrogen-bases

nitrogen-bases

DNA is made of chains of ___________________, with each containing a sugar, phosphate, and __________________ nucleotides; glucose glucose; nitrogen base nucleotides; nitrogen base amino acids; proteins

nucleotides; nitrogen base

Which part of the replication process helps prevent the development of genetic disorders b/c of mutations? insertion of RNA primer sequences sealing the gaps between fragments opening multiple origins of replication proofreading completed DNA strands

proofreading completed DNA strands

Hershey and Chase's radioactively-tagged bacteriophages showed: the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA a "transforming principle" determines traits DNA is the transforming principle

the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA

Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide in a DNA molecule? a base a sugar a phosphate group three phosphate groups

three phosphate groups

DNA helicase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand

unzips the DNA molecule

In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by: wrapping tightly around proteins called histones braking apart into separate genes being enzymatically changed into a protein extending to form very long, thin molecules

wrapping tightly around proteins called histones