Biology 1 sem 2
Where does transcription take place? 1. Nucleus 2. Mitochondria 3. Ribosome 4. Cell membrane
1. Nucleus
What are the 3 differences between RNA and DNA? (mark 3 answers) 1. RNA is single stranded, DNA is double 2. DNA uses thymine, RNA uses uracil 3. RNA has 3 base pairs, DNA has 4 4. DNA sugar is deoxyribose, RNA sugar is ribose 5. RNA is found in the nucleus, DNA is found in the cytoplasm
1. RNA is single stranded, DNA is double 2. DNA uses thymine, RNA uses uracil 4. DNA sugar is deoxyribose, RNA sugar is ribose
What is the process of DNA being made into an mRNA called? 1. Transcription 2. Translation
1. Transcription
What are the subunits/building blocks of a protein called (i.e. what makes a protein)? 1. Simple sugars 2. Amino Acids 3. Nucleotides 4.Lipids
2. Amino Acids
What is the process of mRNA being made into a protein called? 1. Transcription 2. Translation
2. Translation
Mark the correct tRNA sequence that would be made from the sequence of mRNA you chose for question #9 above: 1. ATG AAT CCG ATC 2. UAC UUA GGC UAG 3. AUG AAT CCG ATC 4. AUG AAU CCG AUC
2. UAC UUA GGC UAG
What is a 3 letter sequence of mRNA called? 1. Gene 2. Chromosome 3. Codon 4. Anti-codon
3. Codon
Where does translation take place? 1. Nucleus 2. Mitochondria 3. Ribosome 4. Cell membrane
3. Ribosome
Use the codon chart to find the amino acid sequence for this same strand from question #'s 9 and 10 above. (you need to know which strand to look at) 1. Start Lysine Proline Isoleucine 2. Start Asparagine Proline Threonine 3. Start Asparagine Proline Isoleucine 4. Asparagine Proline Isoleucine
3. Start Asparagine Proline Isoleucine
What are three types of RNA? 1. cRNA, tRNA, rRNA 2. tRNA, mRNA, cRNA 3. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA 4. mRNA, cRNA, tRNA
3. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
Mark the correct mRNA sequence that would be made from this sequence of DNA: TAC TTA GGC TAG 1. ATG AAT CCG ATC 2. UAC UUA GGC UAG 3. AUG AAT CCG ATC 4. AUG AAU CCG AUC
4. AUG AAU CCG AUC
DNA polymerase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand
Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand
Which of the following are double ringed nitrogen bases? (choose two correct answers) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine
Adenine Guanine
Which enzyme 'unzips' (splits in half) the double helix to allow for DNA replication? DNA Helicase DNA Polymerase DNA Ligase None of these
DNA Helicase
How are DNA, RNA, and proteins connected? DNA codes for proteins, which code for RNA DNA codes for RNA, which codes for proteins RNA codes for DNA, which codes for proteins Proteins code for RNA, which codes for DNA
DNA codes for RNA, which codes for proteins
Avery's experiment showed: the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA a "transforming principle" determines traits DNA is the transforming principle
DNA is the transforming principle
Which of the following would be the complementary strand to this strand: CCAGTTG AACTGGT GGTCAAC TTGACCA CCAGTTG
GGTCAAC
What scientist(s) is known as the father of heredity through his work with breeding pea plants to discover heredity patterns? Erwin Chargaff Watson and Crick Rosalind Franklin Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel
Which scientist(s) worked with X-ray diffraction to show that DNA is a double helix through photo51. Gregor Mendel Erwin Chargaff Rosalind Franklin Watson and Crick
Rosalind Franklin
What is the complementary DNA strand for a strand with the nucleotide sequence AACCCGGTTTG? (HInt: opposite) GGAAATTCCCTT TTAAACCGGGA TTGGGCCAAAC CCGGGTTAAAT
TTGGGCCAAAC
Which of the following are pyrimidines? (choose two correct answers) Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine
Thymine Cytosine
Which scientist(s) won the Nobel Prize for Science for building the first model of DNA to show its structure? Gregor Mendel Rosalind Franklin Erwin Chargaff Watson and Crick
Watson and Crick
Griffith's experiments with mice and S and R type bacteria showed: the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA a "transforming principle" determines traits DNA is the transforming principle
a "transforming principle" determines traits
DNA ligase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand
binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand
DNA gets its name from its sugar called _____________________ glucose sucrose ribose deoxyribose
deoxyribose
Which part of DNA makes up the backbone or sides of the double helix? (choose 2 correct answers) nitrogen base deoxyribose sugar phosphate group none of these
deoxyribose sugar phosphate group
Combining the work of other scientists with their own research, Watson and Crick discovered that two strands of DNA join together to form a(n): nucleotide X in a circle double helix covalent bond
double helix
DNA stores _________. hereditary information fat carbohydrates energy
hereditary information
The nitrogen bases in the two strands of DNA are held together by: ionic bonds hydrogen bonds peptide bonds covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
RNA primase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand
inserts RNA primers
The four types of nucleotides that make up DNA are named for their: hydrogen bonds phosphate groups ring-shaped sugars nitrogen-bases
nitrogen-bases
DNA is made of chains of ___________________, with each containing a sugar, phosphate, and __________________ nucleotides; glucose glucose; nitrogen base nucleotides; nitrogen base amino acids; proteins
nucleotides; nitrogen base
Which part of the replication process helps prevent the development of genetic disorders b/c of mutations? insertion of RNA primer sequences sealing the gaps between fragments opening multiple origins of replication proofreading completed DNA strands
proofreading completed DNA strands
Hershey and Chase's radioactively-tagged bacteriophages showed: the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA a "transforming principle" determines traits DNA is the transforming principle
the genetic material injected by viruses is DNA
Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide in a DNA molecule? a base a sugar a phosphate group three phosphate groups
three phosphate groups
DNA helicase unzips the DNA molecule inserts RNA primers Adds free nucleotides to make a complementary DNA strand binds DNA fragments together on the lagging strand
unzips the DNA molecule
In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by: wrapping tightly around proteins called histones braking apart into separate genes being enzymatically changed into a protein extending to form very long, thin molecules
wrapping tightly around proteins called histones
