Biology 111 Exam 2

Which of the following prokaryotic structures could be important in a study to see how hand washing can prevent the spread of bacterial illnesses? a. Capsule b. Pili c. Plasmids d. Ribosomes e. a & b

A & B

1. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, outside the mitochondria, and breaks down glucose to form pyruvic acid. a. Glycolysis b. Citric acid cycle c. Electron transport chain

A.

3. Which molecule is need to make glucose? a. Oxygen b. Carbon dioxide c. Water

A.

2. Which of the following statements about energy is false? a. Energy is created when glucose is metabolized to make ATP. b. Energy is converted from chemical energy to kinetic energy to chemical energy when glucose is metabolized to make ATP. c. When glucose is metabolized to make ATP, most of the energy in the bonds of glucose is given off as heat. d. Entropy is related to increasing disorder.

B

4. Which structure directly absorbs energy from the sun directly? a. Stroma b. Chlorophyll c. Stomata d. Roots

B

3. Which of the following structures allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to get into and out of a plant? a. Stroma b. Stomata c. Roots d. Chloroplasts

B.

How does CO2 move from your blood cells into your lung cells?

By Passive Transport

Which organelle/structure found in BOTH plant and animal cells is responsible for the production of ATP? a. Chloroplasts b. Ribosomes c. Lysosomes d. Mitochondria

D.

Substances are often packaged into small ________ for transport, either through the membrane or throughout the interior of the cell.

Vesicles

What is the difference between a cell wall and a cell membrane in structure and in function?

-A cell wall is made of cellulose, which is a carbohydrate. - A cell membrane is made of phospholipids and proteins -A cell wall is impermeable -A cell membrane is permeable

Which of the following structures is found in animal cells? a. Cell wall b. Chloroplasts c. Central vacuoles d. Nucleus

D.

4. Which of the following events does NOT occur in the light reactions? a. Water is split to form oxygen. b. Carbon dioxide is used to make sugar c. Electrons and energy are used to make NADPH and ATP d. Sunlight is capture by chloroplasts

A.

What is one function of plasmids? a. DNA that can be exchanged between cells b. Helps the cell stick to other cells and to surfaces. c. Forms a protective barrier and helps the cell stick to other cells and to surfaces.

A.

Which form of transport requires the expenditure of energy?

Active Energy

1. Which of the following structures are located INSIDE of the cell membrane? a. Cell wall b. Cilia and flagella c. Cytoskeleton d. Extracellular matrix

C.

2. This process occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and forms a lot of ATP and water. a. Glycolysis b. Citric acid cycle c. Electron transport chain

C.

2. Where in the ATP bond is the most energy stored? a. Between the 1st and 2nd phosphate groups. b. Between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups. c. Equal amounts of energy is stored in each bond.

C.

2. Which color pigments do chlorophyll normally reflect? a. Blue and purple b. Black c. Green and yellow d. Pink and purple

C.

2. Which molecule is needed to make O2? a. Carbon dioxide b. Water c. Glucose

C.

5. What is the main structure that brings water into the plant? a. Stomata b. Chloroplasts c. Roots d. Grana

C.

Which of these structures allows animal cells to digest cellular components? a. Ribosomes b. Chloroplasts c. Lysosomes d. Flagellum e. Nucleus

C.

Which organelle/structure found in BOTH plant, animal, and bacteria cells is responsible for protein synthesis? a. Chloroplasts b. Cell Walls c. Ribosomes d. Cell Membrane e. Cytoplasm

C.

Which structure in prokaryotic cells has a similar function to the nucleus in eukaryotic cells? a. Pili b. Plasmid c. Nucleoid d. Ribosomes

C.

Which structures found in plant cells have totally unique functions to any structure found in animal cells? a. Mitochondria and ribosomes b. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus c. Central vacuoles and chloroplasts d. Vesicles and lysosomes

C.

6. Which of the following is true of UV light and visible light? a. You can see both UV light and visible light. b. Visible light has shorter wavelengths than UV light. c. Both UV light and visible light can excite electrons in pigments to cause movement of molecules. d. Visible light functions in photosynthesis. e. UV light functions in vision.

C?

2. Which of these structures functions to store water and nutrients? a. Cell wall b. Cilia and flagella c. Cytoskeleton d. Vacuoles e. Extracellular matrix

D.

3. What type of energy is stored in the bonds of ATP or glucose? a. Potential energy b. Kinetic energy c. Chemical energy d. A & C

D.

4. Which of the following organisms conducts cellular respiration? a. All plants b. All animals c. All protists d. All of the above

D.

6. What molecules would accumulate if the Calvin Cycle did not operate? a. ATP b. NADPH c. Carbon dioxide d. All of the above

D.

All of the following structures are found in plant cells. Which structure allows plants to perform photosynthesis? a. Nucleus b. Cell membrane c. Mitochondria d. Chloroplasts

D.

Which of the following is true of prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells? a. Prokaryotic cells are about 10x smaller than eukaryotic cells. b. All prokaryotic cells and some eukaryotic cells are unicellular. c. Prokaryotic cells do NOT have organelles like eukaryotic cells do. d. All of the above are true.

D.

Which structure in plant cells makes up for the lack of a skeleton? a. Mitochondria b. Nucleus c. Cell Walls d. Central Vacuoles e. c & d

E

1. If you compress a spring, what energy conversions are taking place? a. When the spring is compressed, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. b. When the spring is released, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. c. When the spring is compressed, kinetic energy is converted to potential energy. d. When the spring is released, kinetic energy is converted to potential energy. e. B and C

E.

1. Which of the following molecules can enter into cellular respiration to make ATP for the cell? a. Glucose b. Other carbohydrates. c. Protein d. Lipids e. All of the above

E.

1. Which of the following organelles play a role in protein synthesis? a. Nucleus b. Nucleolus c. Ribosomes d. Golgi apparatus e. All of the above

E.

2. Which of the following is true about producers and consumers? a. Producers consumer organisms to obtain glucose. b. Producers make their own glucose molecules. c. Consumers make their own glucose molecules. d. Consumers eat producers to obtain glucose. e. B and D

E.

3. The term "calories" refers to: a. The amount of energy stored in food. b. The amount of energy stored in water. c. The amount of energy that comes from the sun. d. The amount of energy burned during exercise or metabolism. e. A and D

E.

3. Which of the following relationships is correct? a. Nucleus DNA b. Nucleolus rRNA c. Ribosomes Protein d. DNA Protein e. All of the above are correct.

E.

5. Which of the following is NOT needed for the Calvin Cycle? a. Carbon dioxide b. Energy from ATP and NADPH c. Sunlight d. Water e. C & D

E.

Which of the following organisms have mitochondria in the cytoplasm of their cells? a Plants b. Some protists c. Animals d. Fungi e. All of the above

E.

Which of the following organsisms have chloroplasts in the cytoplasm of their cells? a. Plants b. Some protists c. Animals d. Fungi e. A & B

E.

Which of the following structures are NOT found in a eukaryotic cell? a. Nucleus and Cell wall b. Chloroplasts and Central Vacuole c. Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus d. Mitochondria & Lysosome e. Nucleoid & Capsule

E.

Which of the following structures are found in BOTH prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? a. Cell wall and cell membrane b. Ribosomes c. Cytoplasm d. Flagellum e. All of the above are found in both cell types

E.

Which of the following structures is NOT found in plant cells? a. Lysosomes b. Flagellum c. Chloroplasts d. Mitochondria e. a & b

E.

Which of the following structures is NOT found in prokaryotic cells? a. Pili b. Capsule c. Nucleoid d. Plasmids e. Nucleus

E.

__________ is a form of kinetic energy that is manifested in the random motions of atoms and molecules.

Heat

The passive transport of water is specifically called ________.

Osmosis

Which would most likely pass unaided through a plasma membrane?

Something small and nonpolar, like nitrogen gas

Movement down a concentration gradient means that the substance is moving ________.

from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Which of the following best describes the flow of energy through an ecosystem?

sunlight → chemical energy → heat