Biology 1510 Midterm

Dicot

2 cotyledons, tap roots, 4 or 5 petals, veins in leaf, ringed vascular bundles

The lignin in vascular plants is responsible for what plant characteristic?

Ability to grow to great heights.

Artemia Salina reaction to Chilli Extract

Increased Heart Rate

Antherdia

Male gametophyte, produces sperm in plants

Stamen

Male part of the flower

Microspores of ferns are contained in what structure?

Microsporangium.

fine adjustment knob

Moves the stage slightly to sharpen the image

course adjustment knob

Moves the stage up and down for focusing

Know types of chemicaldefenses

Terpenoids (airborne signals),Phenolics (protect from radiation,prasitesetc),Alkaloids( mess with predators protien synthesis)

Archeogonial

The female, ovum is protected by cells, the center has the ovum and.a long neck that the sperm must swim into.

You are looking at a specimen under low power, and you switch to the high-power objective. Which of the following happens?

amount of light decreases

Nonvascular plants are generally low to the ground because they ______________

cannot transport nutrients

Gram stain is a laboratory technique used to distinguish between various kinds of bacteria based on the characteristics of the ______________.

cell wall

Fern Sori

cluster of sporangia

Carpal (flower)

female reproductive part of a flower consists of the stigma, style, and ovary where feralization happens

euglena

flagellum

seeded vascular plants

gymnosperms and angiosperms

Proper PPE

lab coat and closed toe shoes

Fern pinna

leaf

objective

lenses attached to nosepiece

Unlike the seeds of angiosperms, the seeds of gymnosperms ______________.

mature on the surface of a cone scale

Nonvascular plants such a hornworts usually live in a ______________ environment.

moist and shady

examples of nonvascular plants

mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Tritonympymphs and Termite Relationship

mutualistic: termiite bacteria converts cellulose and wood into nutrients for termite, and termite gives it cellulose and a place to live

Calculate total magnification

ocular lens x objective lens

Movement on the microscope

opposite direction (if you go left you go right under the microscope)

Protists can function in the environment as ______________.

parasites, autotrophs, heterotrophs

vegtable is derived from

petioles, leaves, or flowers

Amoeba

pseudopods

gymniosperms

seed-bearing plants that have a naked seed

arm

serves as a handle for carrying the microscope

Cocci (string beads)

spherical bacteria

Spirilli

spiral shaped bacteria

If you see a fern with brown spots on the underside of the frond, you can conclude that ______________.

the fern has produced spores

Fern Stipe

the stalk below the blade

why does pine pollen have wings

to spread seeds and they dont have pollinators

The distance between the objective lens and the specimen is called the ______ distance.

working

What takes place in the capsule of Marchantia spp.?

Meiosis.

nonvascular plants

Non-vascular plants are plants mostly found in damp and moist areas and lack specialized vascular tissues and Usually low to the ground because they can't transport nutrients

Volvox

-Freshwater green algae in spherical multicellular colonies that have division of labor -In the northern region, the eyespots are more developed. - It is a colony that comes really to being a multi-celled organism -that helps the colony to swim toward the light.

Archea Vs. Bacteria

-Their cell wall and cell membrane composition is different. -Archaea have histone proteins in their DNA, similar to eukaryotes.• -Archaea survive in extreme temperatures and conditions.• -There are no described pathogenic archaea.

Proper Microscope Care

-turn light down and off -center and lower stage -rotate nosepiece to low power (4x) -dispose of slide and wipe lens using lens paper -wrap cord -put scope into cabinet with ocular lens facing in

Monocot

1 cotyledon, fibrous roots, petals in multiples of parallel veins, scattered vascular bundles

petal

A colorful, leaflike structure of some flowers.

What is the point of gram staining?

Aids in separating bacteria into two groups (gram positive and Gram negative), can also help identify infection

Kingdoms of life

Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, or Animalia.

Scientific name of Brine Shrimp

Artemia salina

Which of the following components of the compound microscope is used to focus light on the specimen?

Condenser

Examples of Bacteria

Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Chlamydias• Gram-positive

Which of the following bacteria are important in the production of oxygen?

Cyanobacteria.

Which formula would you use to determine the diameter of the field of view for the high-power objective?

HPD = ​[LPD × LPM]/HPM

"Wings" on the pollen shown help you to identify it as _____________ pollen.

Pines

In liverworts, what typically transports sperm cells of the antheridiophore to the archegonium single egg?

Protonema.

Diaphragm

Regulates the amount of light on the specimen

Bacilli

Rod shaped bacteria

Artemia Salina reaction to kava kava

Slows down heart rate

chemical defense

The use by organisms of bitter, distasteful, or toxic secretions that deter potential enemies. (ex:skunk)

Examples of Archea

Thermophiles,Psychrophiles, Acidophiles,Methanophiles,Mesophiles

compound microscope

a light microscope that uses more than one lens to magnify an object

How to tell an organism is autotroph

an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals

The most diverse group of plants is the ______________

angiosperms

Paramecium

cilia

purpose of termite gut bacteria (Tritonymyphs)

convert cellulose in wood into starches and sugars that termite can use as nutrients

examples of vascular plants

ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

Angiosperms

flowering plants

angiosperm examples

flowers and fruits

Vascular Plants

found on land that has lignified tissues for conducting water and minerals throughout the body, cell wall made of cellulose and vascular tissue to transport water, move to land meaning they have less water and structure and support

A structure derived from the ovary of a plant and its accessory tissue is a ______________.

fruit

Rhizome

horizontal underground stem

physical defenses

include mechanical, chemical, warning coloration, and camouflage mechanisms (ex:lizard changing color)

dissecting microscope

light microscope used for low magnifications and larger objects

Diatoms, Volvox, and Polysiphonia

photosynthetic plants

examples of gymnosperms

pinecones and firs

stage

platform on which slides are placed

what can photosynthesize due to endosymbiosis

protist

Protozoa belong to

protista

what is a sori on a fern

spores

When a seed of the conifer germinates, it develops into a ______________.

sporophyte

What makes a perfect flower?

stamen; carpel/pistil ( both female and male parts)

ocular (eye piece)

uppermost lense and magnification of 10X,

how do images appear on the microscope

upside down and backwards