Biology 1510 Midterm
Dicot
2 cotyledons, tap roots, 4 or 5 petals, veins in leaf, ringed vascular bundles
The lignin in vascular plants is responsible for what plant characteristic?
Ability to grow to great heights.
Artemia Salina reaction to Chilli Extract
Increased Heart Rate
Antherdia
Male gametophyte, produces sperm in plants
Stamen
Male part of the flower
Microspores of ferns are contained in what structure?
Microsporangium.
fine adjustment knob
Moves the stage slightly to sharpen the image
course adjustment knob
Moves the stage up and down for focusing
Know types of chemicaldefenses
Terpenoids (airborne signals),Phenolics (protect from radiation,prasitesetc),Alkaloids( mess with predators protien synthesis)
Archeogonial
The female, ovum is protected by cells, the center has the ovum and.a long neck that the sperm must swim into.
You are looking at a specimen under low power, and you switch to the high-power objective. Which of the following happens?
amount of light decreases
Nonvascular plants are generally low to the ground because they ______________
cannot transport nutrients
Gram stain is a laboratory technique used to distinguish between various kinds of bacteria based on the characteristics of the ______________.
cell wall
Fern Sori
cluster of sporangia
Carpal (flower)
female reproductive part of a flower consists of the stigma, style, and ovary where feralization happens
euglena
flagellum
seeded vascular plants
gymnosperms and angiosperms
Proper PPE
lab coat and closed toe shoes
Fern pinna
leaf
objective
lenses attached to nosepiece
Unlike the seeds of angiosperms, the seeds of gymnosperms ______________.
mature on the surface of a cone scale
Nonvascular plants such a hornworts usually live in a ______________ environment.
moist and shady
examples of nonvascular plants
mosses, liverworts, hornworts
Tritonympymphs and Termite Relationship
mutualistic: termiite bacteria converts cellulose and wood into nutrients for termite, and termite gives it cellulose and a place to live
Calculate total magnification
ocular lens x objective lens
Movement on the microscope
opposite direction (if you go left you go right under the microscope)
Protists can function in the environment as ______________.
parasites, autotrophs, heterotrophs
vegtable is derived from
petioles, leaves, or flowers
Amoeba
pseudopods
gymniosperms
seed-bearing plants that have a naked seed
arm
serves as a handle for carrying the microscope
Cocci (string beads)
spherical bacteria
Spirilli
spiral shaped bacteria
If you see a fern with brown spots on the underside of the frond, you can conclude that ______________.
the fern has produced spores
Fern Stipe
the stalk below the blade
why does pine pollen have wings
to spread seeds and they dont have pollinators
The distance between the objective lens and the specimen is called the ______ distance.
working
What takes place in the capsule of Marchantia spp.?
Meiosis.
nonvascular plants
Non-vascular plants are plants mostly found in damp and moist areas and lack specialized vascular tissues and Usually low to the ground because they can't transport nutrients
Volvox
-Freshwater green algae in spherical multicellular colonies that have division of labor -In the northern region, the eyespots are more developed. - It is a colony that comes really to being a multi-celled organism -that helps the colony to swim toward the light.
Archea Vs. Bacteria
-Their cell wall and cell membrane composition is different. -Archaea have histone proteins in their DNA, similar to eukaryotes.• -Archaea survive in extreme temperatures and conditions.• -There are no described pathogenic archaea.
Proper Microscope Care
-turn light down and off -center and lower stage -rotate nosepiece to low power (4x) -dispose of slide and wipe lens using lens paper -wrap cord -put scope into cabinet with ocular lens facing in
Monocot
1 cotyledon, fibrous roots, petals in multiples of parallel veins, scattered vascular bundles
petal
A colorful, leaflike structure of some flowers.
What is the point of gram staining?
Aids in separating bacteria into two groups (gram positive and Gram negative), can also help identify infection
Kingdoms of life
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, or Animalia.
Scientific name of Brine Shrimp
Artemia salina
Which of the following components of the compound microscope is used to focus light on the specimen?
Condenser
Examples of Bacteria
Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Chlamydias• Gram-positive
Which of the following bacteria are important in the production of oxygen?
Cyanobacteria.
Which formula would you use to determine the diameter of the field of view for the high-power objective?
HPD = [LPD × LPM]/HPM
"Wings" on the pollen shown help you to identify it as _____________ pollen.
Pines
In liverworts, what typically transports sperm cells of the antheridiophore to the archegonium single egg?
Protonema.
Diaphragm
Regulates the amount of light on the specimen
Bacilli
Rod shaped bacteria
Artemia Salina reaction to kava kava
Slows down heart rate
chemical defense
The use by organisms of bitter, distasteful, or toxic secretions that deter potential enemies. (ex:skunk)
Examples of Archea
Thermophiles,Psychrophiles, Acidophiles,Methanophiles,Mesophiles
compound microscope
a light microscope that uses more than one lens to magnify an object
How to tell an organism is autotroph
an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals
The most diverse group of plants is the ______________
angiosperms
Paramecium
cilia
purpose of termite gut bacteria (Tritonymyphs)
convert cellulose in wood into starches and sugars that termite can use as nutrients
examples of vascular plants
ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
Angiosperms
flowering plants
angiosperm examples
flowers and fruits
Vascular Plants
found on land that has lignified tissues for conducting water and minerals throughout the body, cell wall made of cellulose and vascular tissue to transport water, move to land meaning they have less water and structure and support
A structure derived from the ovary of a plant and its accessory tissue is a ______________.
fruit
Rhizome
horizontal underground stem
physical defenses
include mechanical, chemical, warning coloration, and camouflage mechanisms (ex:lizard changing color)
dissecting microscope
light microscope used for low magnifications and larger objects
Diatoms, Volvox, and Polysiphonia
photosynthetic plants
examples of gymnosperms
pinecones and firs
stage
platform on which slides are placed
what can photosynthesize due to endosymbiosis
protist
Protozoa belong to
protista
what is a sori on a fern
spores
When a seed of the conifer germinates, it develops into a ______________.
sporophyte
What makes a perfect flower?
stamen; carpel/pistil ( both female and male parts)
ocular (eye piece)
uppermost lense and magnification of 10X,
how do images appear on the microscope
upside down and backwards
