Biology Ch. 33 & 34
The best example of an animal phylum with enhanced overall surface area is ____________.
Plathylminthes
Which Chordate group has all four chordate characteristics as an adult, not just as an embryo?
Lancelets
A newly discovered species of shelled marine organisms could be a(n) ______________?
mollusc or brachiopod
Which is the closest living group to the primates?
monotremes
Which trait is shared by all vertebrates except cyclostomes at some point in development?
mouth with jaws
If you discovered a new organism with 10 jointed legs, you would expect it to have _____________.
muscles attached to an exoskeleton
The major difference between the two divisions of annelids, the errantians and sedentarians, is that ____________.
sedentarians are less mobile than errantians
Early vertebrate fossils called conodonts can be identified by all the following features except ______________.
an inner ear with two semicircular canals
Which correctly describes phylogenetic relationships among birds, mammals, and reptiles?
birds share the closest common ancestor with dinosaurs
The least-important threat faced by freshwater and terrestrial mollusks is _________________.
changes in how water is released from dams
Which phylum has a water vascular system?
echinoderms
Which statement misdescribes the lateral line system?
it is used in digestion
Which would be a great surprise if found in the body of a sponge?
limb
If you wanted to show and example of segmentation to a group of visiting students, which phylum would be the best choice?
Arthropoda
A confused friend from your course has made a halloween costume that is supposed to show one animal phylum. It has a hard outer shell and a water vascular system. You point out that the costume combines features of _____________.
Arthropoda and Echinodermata
Which group does not belong? a) Pterosaurs b) Cartilaginous fish c) Amphibians d) Mammals
Cartilaginous fish
If you wanted to obtain a large amount of nervous tissue with the least amount of dissection and processing what phylum would you use for your sample?
Chordata
In which choice is the first group phylogenetically part of the second group? a) hominins; primates b) cartilaginous fish; fish c) all of these d) birds; reptiles e) eutherians; mammals
all of these
The dominant invertebrate predator of the seas for hundreds of millions of years until the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period was the _____________
ammonite
If you introduced the following groups of vertebrates to a newly formed island with little surface water, which would probably become dominant? a) coelacanths b) amphibians c) reptiles d) bony fish
reptiles
Which group soon outcompeted amphibians on land due to their watertight skin and eggs?
reptiles
Which osteichthyan structure allows bony fishes to control their buoyancy using gases from their blood?
swim bladder
Which statement about mollusks would lose points on an exam?
they are the most diverse phylum
When early systematists distinguished cartilaginous fishes from bony fishes, it was not clear when bony skeletons first appeared. What suggests that bony skeletons came first, followed by cartilaginous ones?
traces of bone tissue are found in living and fossil chondrichthyes
If these animal phyla had a cocktail party, which one would feel most unwelcome? a) Mollusca b) Nematoda c) Cnidaria d) Arthropoda e) Chordata
Chordata
Which statement about arthropods would lose points on an exam? a) Arthropod bodies are completely covered by a cuticle b) Arthropods have an open circulatory system c) Terrestrial arthropods have internal structures specialized for gas exchange d) arthropods have well-developed sensory organs e) most arthropod sensory organs are concentrated at the posterior end
Most arthropod sensory organs are concentrated at the posterior end
Which statement about Nematodes is incorrect?
Trichinella spiralis has become a model research organism in biology
Which pair has convergent features? a) none of these b) lizard & marsupial c) bony fish & chondrichthyes d) snake & caecilian e) bird & monotreme
snake & caecilian