Biology Midterm

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resolving power is the

ability to tell two points as separate points

in which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer

amino acid-protein

a gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of

amino acids

which statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells

both plant and animal cells have a plasma membrane, and plants also have a cell wall

Wood and cotton are composed of

cellulose

which of the following is not a type of intracellular protein

cellulose

which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA

nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate

ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. the components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a pentose sugar, and 3 phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is a

nucleic acid

what must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell

plasma membrake

which is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured

primary structure

the term functional is used in the phrase functional group because it describes a group of atoms that

react a certain way with other molecules

which of the following organelles is not surrounded by a membrane

ribosomes

a general eukaryotic cell is typically in the area of

10-100 micrometers

a nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components

a nitrogen-containing base, a phosphate group and a sugar

a starch molecule is to glucose as

a protein is to an amino acid

The four main categories of organic macromolecules are

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

a molecule is said to be organic if it contains

carbon and hydrogen atoms

where do the vesicles that are being made for secretion from the cell become modified and packaged

golgi apparatus

which of the following organelles would form a membrane- bound package, also known as a vesicle?

golgi apparatus

what does the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane provide

greater surface area for ATP production

In addition to carbon, an organic molecule must contain

hydrogen

if a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as

hydrophilic

In a dehydration reaction, _ in order for this to occur water is _

monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed

whihc of the following structures would not be found in a prokaryotic cell

nucleus

the primary structure of a protein refers to

number and sequence of amino acids

humans store excess polysaccharides in the form of

glycogen

eukaryotic cells move their organelles using

the cytoskeleton

Which is an organic molecule

C6H12O6

which formula is a hydrocarbon

CH4

which of the following elements would be found in a carbohydrate

CHO

which functional group acts as an acid when placed in solution

COOH

how does DNA differ from RNA

DNA is double stranded RNA is single stranded

DNA

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in

which of the following is an organic molecule

H2CO3

two monomers

Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in

A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a

dehydration reaction

what is a function of proteins

enzymatic activity

atherosclerosis is associated with

fats with no double bonds

a fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called

unsaturated

Which nitrogen containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA

uracil

Cellulose

Scientists created an enzyme that will break down any type of carbohydrate. If given to humans, they could use what as a new food source?

which functional group is present in amino acids

NH2

what functional group makes a carbohydrate polar

OH2

which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?

amino acid, peptide, polypeptide

what describes a polypeptide

amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reactions

Some proteins within a cell can be viewed with

an electron microscope

mitochondria and chloroplasts both _ but mitochondria, and not chloroplasts_

are involved in energy conversions; are found in nearly all eukaryotic cells

without receptor proteins a cell would not be able to

bind to signal proteins from other parts of the body

mitochondria are found in

both plant and animal cells

The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a

monomer

which of the following human cells would contain cilia

cell from the trachea (windpipe)

what function does the nucleolus have

codes for the synthesis of rRNA

chromosomes are made from

condensed chromatin

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both

contain dna

The principle role for sugars in living things is to

create cellular energy

without tight junctions in certain tissues,

fluids may leak out past the barrier the junction would create

which of the following statements describes the function of a chloroplast

it converts light energy into chemical energy

what is the function of a peptide bond

joins and amino acid to an adjacent amino acid

what category of biological molecules are steroids included in

lipids

which of the following organelles is not involved in producing substances needed by a cell

lysosome

which of the following organelles would be abundant in a sperm cell that is seeking to fertilize an egg cell

mitochondria

which organele is required for producing ATP for cellular work

mitochondria

which of the following is a correct matching of an organelle and its function

mitochondrion-cellular respiraction

plant cells can communicate with each other via

plasmodesmata

glycogen is a _made of many_

polymer; glucose molecules

Both plants and animals need mitochondria to

produce atp

which of the following is not a possible function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells

produces numerous channels for continuous flow of water from cell to cell

testosterone is a lipid based hormone, insulin is a _ based hormone

protein

Amino acids are needed to build _ just as _ are needed to create DNA

protein; nucleotides

what is not associated with proteins?

proteins are used to produce DNA

which of the following is the correct sequence for an altered protein that is secreted from the cell

rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgi appartatus, plasma membrane

plants store their sugar in the form of

starch

Dna functions to _ while Rna functions to _

store the information to make rna; contain the information to make a protein

how are lipids different from other categories of biologival molecules?

the will not combine with water

what is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share

they are made of repeated monomer units

In which was are vesicles different from vacuoles?

they are smaller

what makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy than unsaturated ones?

they possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, making them more tightly packed together

Which nitrogen containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA

thymine


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