Biology Midterm
resolving power is the
ability to tell two points as separate points
in which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer
amino acid-protein
a gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of
amino acids
which statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells
both plant and animal cells have a plasma membrane, and plants also have a cell wall
Wood and cotton are composed of
cellulose
which of the following is not a type of intracellular protein
cellulose
which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA
nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate
ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. the components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a pentose sugar, and 3 phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is a
nucleic acid
what must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell
plasma membrake
which is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured
primary structure
the term functional is used in the phrase functional group because it describes a group of atoms that
react a certain way with other molecules
which of the following organelles is not surrounded by a membrane
ribosomes
a general eukaryotic cell is typically in the area of
10-100 micrometers
a nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components
a nitrogen-containing base, a phosphate group and a sugar
a starch molecule is to glucose as
a protein is to an amino acid
The four main categories of organic macromolecules are
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
a molecule is said to be organic if it contains
carbon and hydrogen atoms
where do the vesicles that are being made for secretion from the cell become modified and packaged
golgi apparatus
which of the following organelles would form a membrane- bound package, also known as a vesicle?
golgi apparatus
what does the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane provide
greater surface area for ATP production
In addition to carbon, an organic molecule must contain
hydrogen
if a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as
hydrophilic
In a dehydration reaction, _ in order for this to occur water is _
monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed
whihc of the following structures would not be found in a prokaryotic cell
nucleus
the primary structure of a protein refers to
number and sequence of amino acids
humans store excess polysaccharides in the form of
glycogen
eukaryotic cells move their organelles using
the cytoskeleton
Which is an organic molecule
C6H12O6
which formula is a hydrocarbon
CH4
which of the following elements would be found in a carbohydrate
CHO
which functional group acts as an acid when placed in solution
COOH
how does DNA differ from RNA
DNA is double stranded RNA is single stranded
DNA
Deoxyribose is a sugar found in
which of the following is an organic molecule
H2CO3
two monomers
Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in
A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a
dehydration reaction
what is a function of proteins
enzymatic activity
atherosclerosis is associated with
fats with no double bonds
a fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called
unsaturated
Which nitrogen containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA
uracil
Cellulose
Scientists created an enzyme that will break down any type of carbohydrate. If given to humans, they could use what as a new food source?
which functional group is present in amino acids
NH2
what functional group makes a carbohydrate polar
OH2
which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?
amino acid, peptide, polypeptide
what describes a polypeptide
amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reactions
Some proteins within a cell can be viewed with
an electron microscope
mitochondria and chloroplasts both _ but mitochondria, and not chloroplasts_
are involved in energy conversions; are found in nearly all eukaryotic cells
without receptor proteins a cell would not be able to
bind to signal proteins from other parts of the body
mitochondria are found in
both plant and animal cells
The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a
monomer
which of the following human cells would contain cilia
cell from the trachea (windpipe)
what function does the nucleolus have
codes for the synthesis of rRNA
chromosomes are made from
condensed chromatin
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both
contain dna
The principle role for sugars in living things is to
create cellular energy
without tight junctions in certain tissues,
fluids may leak out past the barrier the junction would create
which of the following statements describes the function of a chloroplast
it converts light energy into chemical energy
what is the function of a peptide bond
joins and amino acid to an adjacent amino acid
what category of biological molecules are steroids included in
lipids
which of the following organelles is not involved in producing substances needed by a cell
lysosome
which of the following organelles would be abundant in a sperm cell that is seeking to fertilize an egg cell
mitochondria
which organele is required for producing ATP for cellular work
mitochondria
which of the following is a correct matching of an organelle and its function
mitochondrion-cellular respiraction
plant cells can communicate with each other via
plasmodesmata
glycogen is a _made of many_
polymer; glucose molecules
Both plants and animals need mitochondria to
produce atp
which of the following is not a possible function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells
produces numerous channels for continuous flow of water from cell to cell
testosterone is a lipid based hormone, insulin is a _ based hormone
protein
Amino acids are needed to build _ just as _ are needed to create DNA
protein; nucleotides
what is not associated with proteins?
proteins are used to produce DNA
which of the following is the correct sequence for an altered protein that is secreted from the cell
rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgi appartatus, plasma membrane
plants store their sugar in the form of
starch
Dna functions to _ while Rna functions to _
store the information to make rna; contain the information to make a protein
how are lipids different from other categories of biologival molecules?
the will not combine with water
what is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share
they are made of repeated monomer units
In which was are vesicles different from vacuoles?
they are smaller
what makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy than unsaturated ones?
they possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, making them more tightly packed together
Which nitrogen containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA
thymine
