B.T - Construction Materials and Construction Methods
20-23 m^3
10-Wheeler Dump Truck = ______
27-32 m^3
12-Wheeler Dump Truck = _______
Tremie
A funnel-like device to deposit concrete underwater.
Well Points
A perforated tube used to collect water.
Gravity Wall
A retaining wall that resists overturning and sliding by the weight and volume of its mass.
Slump Test
A test for mixed concrete to determine consistency and workability.
Percolation Test
A test that determines permeability of the soil.
Cylinder Test
A test to determine the compressive strength of concrete.
Field Density Testing / Sand Cone
A type of compaction test done during construction.
Termite Resistant Sand
A type of physical barrier, this utilizes uniform sand particles to avoid tunnel construction in termite proofing.
Loading Test
A type of test in determining the safe bearing capacity of foundation bed.
Sand and Gravel
According to particle and size: Coarse Grain = ___________
Silt and Clay
According to particle and size: Fine Grain = ___________
L-Type Cantilevered Retaining Wall
An L-shaped concrete structure used when abutting a property line.
T-Type Cantilevered Retaining Wall
An inverted T-shaped concrete structure up to 6 meters high.
Shotcrete / Gunite / Cement Gun
Applies/deposits sand and cement under pneumatic pressure used for encasing structural members.
Soldier Piles
Are H-shaped columns to support lagging
Lagging
Are boards joined together to retain earth.
Cribbing
Are cellular framework of concrete layered in right angles.
Test Boring
Are excavations no deeper than proposed level.
Crossbracing / Rakers
Are inclined shores to support sheet piles.
Bin Wall / Cellular Wall
Are modular, interlocking units of precast with voids filled with gravel.
Sheet Piles
Are of timber, steel, precast planks driven vertically to retain earth.
Flexible Paver Blocks
Are paving units laid on a 3" compact sand bed resilient to loads.
Rigid Paver Blocks
Are paving units mortared over a concrete slab and has waterproofing.
Turf Paver Blocks
Are paving units that have openings for plants to grow; these are placed where there is least direct sunlight.
Geonets
Are polymeric ribs serving as rockwall protection; this makes plants grow on walls.
Asphalt Overlay
Asphalt that is placed on existing pavement
Peat
Compressed, partially carbonized vegetable matter.
AA
Concrete Proportions: 1 : 1.5 : 3 = Class ____
A
Concrete Proportions: 1 : 2 : 4 = Class ____
B
Concrete Proportions: 1 : 2.5 : 5 = Class ____
C
Concrete Proportions: 1 : 3 : 6 = Class ____
D
Concrete Proportions: 1: 3.5 : 7 = Class ____
Geomembrane
Continuous impermeable polymeric sheets used in lining water features.
Plasticity Index
Difference between liquid limit and plastic limit. (LL-PL)
2-4 m^3
Elf Truck = ________
Slurry Walls
Foundation walls that are made of bentonite and clay.
5-6 m^3
Hydraulic Elf Truck = _______
Type III
In cement types, this type is considered high early strength and used in the early removal of formwork and is resistant to cold weather.
Type IV
In cement types, this type is considered low heat and sulfate resisting, used for building massive concrete structures and gravity dams.
Type II
In cement types, this type is considered moderate in strength and used in piers and retaining walls.
Type I
In cement types, this type is considered normal in strength and used in general construction.
Type V
In cement types, this type is sulfate resisting and delays/retards the setting time.
Concrete
In regards to roads and pavements, __________ is more compressive and more expensive to use.
Asphalt
In regards to roads and pavements, __________ is much faster to make, is impervious, and slippery to use.
Termite Mesh
In termite proofing, this is used in slab construction and pipes.
Asphaltic Macadam
Is a cheaper alternative, makes use of grading and compacting crushed stone and binding with asphalt.
Vermiculite
Is mica expanded by heat and has wormlike threads.
Stabilizing
It is the compaction of soil
Boulder
Large, naturally round rock.
Sand
Loose granular material from disintegration of rocks; are fine aggregates that are smaller than 1/4".
Silt
Loose sedimentary material of fine particles.
Riprap
Loose stone used to form a foundation for a breakwater or other structure.
Liquid Limit
Moisture content of soil changing it from liquid to plastic state.
Soil Binders
Natural means of stabilization through the use of plants which grows up to 1 m.
Perlite
Natural volcanic glass expanded by heat and has spherical particles.
Clay
Natural, earthy material that is plastic when moist but hard when fired.
Cobble
Naturally round stone smaller than a boulder.
Geotextiles
Pioneer of geotextiles used for sediment control, subsurface drainage, and riprap underlayment.
Cold Mix
Required no heat, is less firm than hot mix, and used for repairing potholes.
Loam
Rich soil made of sand and silt.
Gravel
Small pebbles and stones formed naturally or by crushed rock; coarse aggregates bigger than 1/4".
Cohesionless Soils
Soil that has little to no strength. It only relies on internal friction.
Cohesive Soils
Soil with considerable strength. It is hard when dry and moldable when wet.
Borrow Fill
Surface course (road/pavement) according to use: * used at bottom layer * disintegrated gravel, sand, shale, cinders * is a sub base material
Fill Materials
Surface course (road/pavement) according to use: * used at the bottommost layer * soil, crushed stone, sand * used under footings, pavers, slab on grade
Granular Fill / Fillers / Choker Aggregates
Surface course (road/pavement) according to use: * used at the topmost layer * extra above the general fill requirements * prevents movement of fine particles
Base Course Materials
Surface course (road/pavement) according to use: * used at top layer * hard durable stone and a filler of sand
Shearing Strength
The ability of soil to resist displacement from cohesion and internal friction.
Geocomposite
The combination use of any type of geosynthetics.
30
The delivery of concrete from mixer to forms should not exceed ____ minutes.
Maximum Dry Density (abbr: MDD)
The density of soil after heating at 221 deg F.
Water Table
The level beneath soil with groundwater.
Allowable Bearing Capacity
The maximum unit pressure vertically and laterally permitted on soil mass.
Levelling and Grading
The process of altering the land elevation and slope.
Excavation
The process of digging earth to provide space for the foundation.
Dewatering
The process of lowering the water table.
Test Pit
The shallow work on an open pit.
Slope Terracing / Bending
The simplest method of protecting the slope with 2:1 ratio.
Hot Mix
The use of Vitumol placed, shaped and compacted while hot over a base.
Needling and Underpinning
The use of girders in holding a wall with an old footing in need of replacement.
Gabions
These are galvanized wire basket filled with stones.
Wales
These are horizontal beams that join sheet piles.
Tiebacks
These are steel rods anchored to earth to prevent lateral movement.
Geocells
These are three-dimensional prefabricated polymeric systems.
Colored Pigments
This admixture gives color to concrete.
Air-Entraining Agents
This admixture produces minute air bubbles.
Retarders
This admixture slow down hydration.
Accelerators
This admixture speeds up setting time.
Protection of adjoining structure
This is the main responsibility during excavation.
Portland Cement
This type of cement is commonly used in construction.
Standard Penetration Test (abbr: SPT)
This type of test records number of blows made by a hammer.
Shoring
Transferring a portion of load of the wall to temporary footings.
5 m^3
Truckload of Ready-Mixed Concrete = ______
Counterfort
Utilizes triangular shaped cross walls as stiffener.
Retaining Wall / Breast Wall
Wall of treated timber, masonry or concrete for holding in place a mass of earth.
Plastic Limit
Water content of soil making it behave like a solid and crumble.
12
What is the number of meters minimum for a Standard Penetration Test?
Vibro Sand / Binistay
What type of sand is used for plastering?
