cads2300 / EXAM 2 (baroque-eclecticism)
Europe
Eclecticism in _________ was not as prominent as it was in the US.
Colony Club
Elsie de Wolfe did not design only interiors, as she also did the New York __________ _________ in 1907.
Stripped
European Eclecticism was characterized by symmetrical plans, Nazi architecture and is similar to __________ Classicism.
rank
French Baroque chairs represented ______ .
Phillip Webb
Furniture designer of country houses -large and simple -uncluttered
Rococo
Which furniture style is characterized by... ▸ delicate / elegant ▸ slim, gently curved legs ▸ small scale ▸ elaborate inlay ▸ upholstery ▸ real marble, not faux ▸ similar to American Late-Colonial & Early Federalist
Victorian
Which furniture style was considered "Rococo Revival"?
Baroque
"Di sotto in su" was an element of which style?
"Consult Style"
Napoleon created the "________ Style" which is considered a sub-period of the Neoclassical style.
Egyptian
Napoleons "Consult Style" (sub category of Neoclassical) emphasized the use ________ motifs
Eclecticism
New easy availability to furniture, department stores, movies and theaters, and magazines influenced the spread of _________ in the US.
Eclectic
Ocean Liners exemplify which design style making its way onto ship interiors?
Neoclassicism
Of the American Victorian style, Italiante was a blend of Palladianism + _________ ?
General Grant
Of the American Victorian style, the Mansardic style was also called "General _______"
Baroque
Of the Baroque and Rococo styles, which of these was considered more "overworked"?
Queen's Cross Church
Only church designed by Mackintosh in Scotland. -some pointed features and tracery (Gothic) -low/stout (Norman) (need pic)
Neo-Baroque
Piccadilly Hotel represents Neo-_________ style
Art Deco
Provincial Style influences the ______ ________ era.
Baroque
Quadratura was an element of the ________ style.
American Craftsman
Which movement started in post-Civil War America while recovering from Reconstruction after the Victorian Era?
Auburn
The Ecole de Beaux-Arts has a curriculum similar to _________, including an imaginary client, written criteria, presentation, & then critique.
Victorian
The Gothic Revival impacted the __________ era.
national
The Greek Revival became the __________ style.
Skyscrapers
The Monadnock building was one of America's earliest _______________.
Baroque
The Monestary of S. Florian had carvings and paintings in every space, which made it a part of the _______ design style.
Tilt
The Morris Chairs were the first known "lazy boy" prototypes, with its main feature being a _____ back.
reactive
The Neoclassical style was a _________ style..... rather than new development of style.
Baroque; Rococo
The Nymphenburg Palace in Germany was characterized by a _________ exterior, and a ________ interior.
Beaux-Art
The Opera in Paris, Paris RailRoad Station and Petit Palais are all examples characterizing which design style.
sophisticated
The Queen Anne revival represented _______ ornamentation
subspecies
The Rococo style was an extension of the Baroque style. Rococo was considered a "__________" of Baroque style.
secular
The Rococo style was generally seen in more ______ buildings.
Frank Lloyd Wright
The Rookery was influenced by mostly Art Nouveau and Craftsman design styles. The most important designers on were Louis Sullivan and ________ __________ ____________.
perspective; plays with light & dark
The Scala Raga, which leads into the Vatican, is known for it's forced ___________ and plays with ______& ______ .
Nancy
The School of ___________ in both Nancy & Paris was the spearhead of Art Nouveau
religious asylum
The Shakers came to American from England while seeking _____ _______ .
over-decorated
The Victorian Style was rooted in ________-__________ ornamentation
Shaker
The _______ style was the alternative to Victorian excess.
Baroque
The ________ style is considered to be a sense of movement and mystery.
Mucha
The _________ Style arises during Art Nouveau, when the head artist illustrated beautiful, healthy women with halo crowns above head.
Victorian
The balloon shaped chair back was seen in what furniture style?
S. Andrea of Quirinale
Which of Bernini's designs possessed these characteristics? ▪︎ a single room w/ small niches ▪︎ perfect geometry ▪︎ concealed light source
Victor Horta
a key European Art Nouveau architect who designed EVERY detail
The Craftsman
This was the name of the newspaper that promoted Arts & Crafts ideals, promoted women's rights, social justice issues and current events
Opulent
Tiffany Glass patented _________ windows, which was a new form of stain glass allowing several colors to be in each piece of glass, rather than 1 piece= 1 color like before; popular in churches
Lamps
Tiffany glass is most famous for their beautiful form of which type of lighting?
carpet by the yard
Victorian floor coverings were made more efficient by the use of power looms.... This meant more "_______ ___ ____ _________" & wall-to-wall carpet.
power loom
Victorian textiles was more efficient in production with the creation of the _____ ______ .
wallpaper
Victorian wall coverings were typically _________, with lots of patterns
Adolf Loos
Vienna Academy artichect and theorist
Grand Central Station
What NY building is home to the "greatest American interior"?
❖ opulent ❖ massive size ❖ somber appearance ❖ steam bending (thin strips of wood; Thonet brothers) ❖ mass produced ❖ new materials (plywood, iron tubing, brass tubing) ❖ curved forms ❖ bulging upholstery ❖ elaborate floral carving (due to mechanization processes) ❖ considered "Rococo Revival"
What are some characteristics of Victorian furniture?
Brownstones; found in cities during the American Victorian style
What are these? What style/era?
Stickley
What designer during Craftsman period who would use this furniture? -simple furniture massive & oak -minimum ornament -mission style
Art Nouveau
What is noted as "a style that failed?"
The Ecole de Beaux-Arts
What is the name of the first professional school of architecture in France? It was also known for its fine arts.
Clouds
What is the name of the house designed by Phillip Webb with textiles by William Morris with the white drawing room -Hint:not the Standen House, which was also done by them
the Scala Regia
What is the name of the space that leads into the Vatican?
candelabra
What is the name of this Baroque accessory?
girandole (illuminated looking glass/mirror)
What is the name of this Baroque accessory?
guiredon
What is the name of this Baroque accessory?
torchiers
What is the name of this Baroque accessory?
portieres
What is the name of this Victorian interior curtain?
Bergere; Regency style
What is the name of this chair? What style did it belong to?
French pliant; French Baroque style
What is the name of this luxurious stool? Found in what style?
canapé; Regency style
What is the name of this small upholstered sofa? It's a part of what style?
fauteuil; Baroque style; important because it made men look taller than they really were
What is the name/style/importance of this chair?
canopy of state; Louis XIV (14)
What is this called? Who made this French-Baroque style design famous?
Saarinen
What prominent designer competed in the Chicago Skyscraper competition in 1922
Stripped Classicism
What simple design style became the popular post WWI?
Shaker
What style did these elements belong to? ❖ built in drawer storage ❖ pegs ❖ ladder-backs and rockers ❖ painted floors ❖ white walls
Victorian
What style does this interior space represent?
Regency
What style exhibited these furniture characteristics? ◆ "eased-down" heaviness of furniture ◆ less clumsy/overbearing ◆ cabriole legs ◆ nature inspired motifs
Baroque
What style furniture is this?
Greek Revival & Gothic Revival
What styles happened directly after the Federalist period?
Whiplash
What type of curve is the most common in Art Nouveau?
▪︎ large ▪︎ masculine ▪︎ symmetrical ▪︎ lavishly decorated
What was furniture like in Louis XIV's palace of Versailles?
warm and subdued
What was the color palette like for the Victorian Style?
a dauphine
What was the name for a French pliant stool designed with a back?
Centennial Exhibition, Phil. 1876
What was the name of America's Great Exhibition?
The Great Exhibition of the Crystal Palace
What was the name of the Victorian Style "proto-modern" building that used new industrial materials? This building represented structure vs. interior. It was functional vs. decorative.
Marshall Fields Wholesale
What was the name of the building designed by Henry Hobson Richardson that was his most influential and the benchmark of the era but later destroyed in Chicago?
armchairs > chairs with backs > joint stools > folding stools > cushions
What was the rank of French Baroque chairs?
fringe, braiding, & tassels
What were 3 trimming materials of the Victorian era?
Versailles
Where is the Hall of Mirrors located?
Austria
Where was the Monestary of S. Florian located?
Louis Comfort Tiffany
Which Art Nouveau designer focused on versatility in furniture, textiles and wall coverings?
William Morris
Which Arts & Crafts textile designer had a heavy focus on painting and tapestry design, emphasis on nature and simplicity of form?
Louis Sullivan
Which Beaux-Art designer lacked originality and followed previous design patterns of Gothic churches, Georgian houses, Classical banks, etc.?
Bernini
Which Italian Baroque architect consulted in a renovation of Louis XIV's city of Versailles?
Louis XIV (14th)
Which Louis never allowed for anyone to sit in his presence?
Eclecticism
Which design style is known for imitating historic precedents and making convincing reproductions?
The Rookery
Which early skyscraper is characterized by a central court roofed over with glass
The Reliance Building
Which early skyscraper was held by its building's frame with masonry walls and curtain walls.
Glasgow Style
the ______________ ___________ was influenced by Celtic imagery and tombstone lettering
William Morris
the founder/pioneer of typeface/typography
Gustav Stickley
-leading figure of Craftsman movement -family furniture factories famous for historical reproductions
Josef Hoffman
-one of the founders of Werkstatte (guild of craft shops) -fully designed his projects including the Stoclet House
Arthur Mackmuro
-wrote "Wren City Churches" -founder of the Century Guild
Beaux-Art
1. Client 2. Criteria 3. Presentation 4. Critique This is curriculum known today as the ________ Method.
Otto Wagner
After of modern architecture -designed Villa I, Villa II & the Austrian Postal Savings Bank
Italian
Although Carlo Carlone designed the Monestary of S. Florian in Austria, he was an ________ architect.
creative
American Victorian was similar to English Victorian but was more _______ .
18
An early skyscraper, The Tribune, had _____ stories.
Neoclassical
An increase in the use of draperies was seen through the __________ style.
Charles Voysey
Architect who designed everything in a space, moving from the Victorian era to twentieth century design. His best known work is his own home "The Orchard" -modernism -clean lines
chaise longue; women fainting because of their corsets; Regency style
Name? Why it was made? Style?
Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Art Nouveau designer of lighting
England
Art Nouveau developed in ___________
mediums
Art Nouveau introduced different ______________ including typography, graphic illustrations, posters & advertisements , paintings & sculpture, glassware & silver, fashion, jewelry, furniture, and lighting
electricity
Art Nouveau saw the rise of side tables and table lamps because of the advancement in ____________!
Henry Van de Velde
Art Nouveau/arts+crafts designer that designed every detail and had a shop called L'Art Nouveau (aka how movement got its name)
development of style
Baroque and Rococo were not considered a time period, but a __________ ___ __________.
Renaissance
Baroque furniture was very similar to ________ style furniture.
American
Beaux-Art Style in the US is known as the "_____________ Renaissance"
Italian Baroque
Bernini was an important figure in the _______ __________ style.
Austrian Postal Savings Bank
Building designed by Otto Wagner using metal, glass and stone. This was a very modern interior and an honest use of materials --HIGHLY resembled the Crystal Palace
Morris & Co.
Business started by William Morris focusing on -textile design -carpet design -interior design
rigor
Chales Percier and Francois-Leonard Fontain blended both..... __________ + luxury
Pompeian
Chales Percier and Francois-Leonard Fontaine were both fascinated with _________ themes, military, and imperial references.
Provincial
Characteristics of the _________ Style: ■ marquetry ■ elegant ■ simple & restrained ■ matching upholstery and drapery ■ combined Neoclassical/Empire + German peasant
Louis Aucoc
Charles Frederick Worth's assistant
Glasgow
Charles Rennie Mackintosh + Margaret McDonald and Herbert & Frances McNair made up the _____________ style.
Hill
Charles Rennie Mackintosh designed every detail of the _____ House
Glasgow School of Art
Charles Rennie Mackintosh is known for this building in Scotland, which was his most important but not well-liked, as well as his Tea Rooms and the Hill House.
Willow Tea
Charles Rennie Mackintosh was responsible for the ___________ ________ Rooms
Shaker
Comunnal dwelling was seen in _______ design .
Elsie de Wolfe
Creating features from mirrors, painting furniture white, as well as using Chinrasery and the tromp l'oeil effect are characteristics of what professional designer?
Alphonse Mucha
Czechoslovakian decorative artist during Art Nouveau movement who made art only with spiritual messages.
canopy of state
During the French Baroque time of Louis XIV, the _______ ___ ________ became a symbol of state and power.
quality
During the Victorian Era, the ________ of designs declined.
proximity
Early skyscrapers were _______ important .
Sagrada Familia
Gaudi's most famous building which he died while working on in 1926, and is projected to be completed in 2026.
Victorian
Hard tile and Parquet pattern wooden floors were found in the _________ style
Victorian
Heavy, intricate, woven patterns on textiles were seen in what style?
Metro
Hector Guimard is responsible for the Paris _______ Station, both with and without roofs
Castel Beranger
Hector Guimard's first designed Art Nouveau apartment building in Paris
Eetvelde
Horta designed the ______ House in Brussels, which was similar to the Crystal Palace
10-12
How many stories were seen in earl skyscrapers?
ornamentation
In Baroque style, clocks were valued for _________ rather than time keeping.
decorative arts
In the French Baroque style, the _______ ______ were used as propaganda of power.
Louis XIV (14th)
In the French Baroque style, the power of the aristocracy was shown through the decorative arts of interior spaces... Which Louis established this?
reeding and fluting
In the Neoclassical style, carving was less fluid and more rectilinear..... ________ and __________ used instead or ornate scrollwork.
Art Nouveau
In what design era did fashion have people questioning gender roles for the first time ever
Art Nouveau
In what era would you find this furniture?
Victorian
Lace curtains were seen in the _______ era
Versailles
Louis XIV (14) brought his noblemen to live with him in seclusion after transforming the entire cottage of _________ into his own city.
accessories
Louis XIV (14) used __________ to show his "divine reign" to control and power.
French design
Louis XIV considered himself a gift giver, only because he wanted to spread _______ _________ .
Baroque
Louis XIV-era seats influenced ________ chairs across Europe.
Margaret McDonald
Mackintosh's wife who he considered to be equally talented in --metal working --textiles --embroidery
Ocean Liners
Mauretania, Franconia & Conte di Savoia are examples of ________ __________
standing
Most people had to remain ______ in the presence of Louis XIV.
Hector Guimard
Most significant architect in Paris who was also a pioneer industrial designer
parquet wood flooring; Victorian
Name of this floor style? Which design style?
duchesse brisée; a variation of the chase longue; has a surrounded foot; 2 or 3 sections come apart; Regency style
Name? Importance? Style?
drop leaf table; Regency
Name? Style?
roll-top desk; Regency
Name? Style?
Rococo
Regency style flowed to _________ style.
Vanderbilt
Richard Morris Hunt was the architect for the ______________ family. He was responsible for the Biltmore, Auburn, & Iowa's campus.
15th
Rococo style happened during the period of Louis the _____ .
Cranbrook; modernism
Saarinen was invited to __________ Academy of Art, where he received widespread recognition & it had a huge influence on his shift away from eclecticism into _______________.
Stepped
Saarinen's skyscraper was massive and had __________ form to emphasize the vertical and masonry lines.
Houses/Homes
Sears + Roebuck offered __________ available for purchase in catalogues.
Britain
Sir Edmund Lutyens and Norman Shaw were both European Eclectic's from _______.
Antoni Gaudi
Spanish architect in Catalone known for equilibrated buildings (standing on own with no internal bracing)
T
T/F: Baroque style was typically seen more in religious buildings and palaces.
T
T/F: Queen Anne Revival style bears little resemblance to original style.
T
T/F: The Victorian style was difficult to classify and borrowed many styles.
T
T/F: Victorian Style fabrics and materials were vintage, period reproductions.
True
T/F: Elsie de Wolfe used curtains and upholstery in her designs, lattices and overall vibrant color schemes.
T
T/F? The Baroque style and Rococo style both exhibit the use of opulent materials.
F; *late Victorian
T/F? The Queen Anne revival began in the early Victorian era.
F; *middle class
T/F? The Victorian Era exhibited the rise of the lower class.
F
T/F? The shift to Neoclassical style was a new development of ideas.
T
T/F? Bierdermerier Style was considered a Provincial style.
T
T/F? Napoleons Neoclassical style derived from Roman influence AND Louis XIV influence
T
T/F? The Victorian Style is considered eclectic.
1. It was larger. 2. It had enclosed and upholstered arms. 3. It had a loose seat cushion
The "Bergere" chair ( on left) was part of the Regency style... Why was it different from the French Baroque Fauteuil chair (on right)?
vertical
The American Victorian period represented an obsession with _______ .
materials
The Arts and Crafts movement used skilled craftsman and focused on the craftsmanship using real/honest ______________
sculpture and building
The Baldachini (of St. Peter's) was considered both a ________ and ________ .
14th
The Baroque style happened during the period of Louis the _____ .
classicism
The Baroque style relied on __________.
Henry Hobson Richardson
The Crane Library was the best known and Marshall Fields Wholesale was the most influential work done by ______________.
Interior Decorating
The Eclectic period saw the rise of what occupation
masonry
The first skyscrapers had cast iron structure, wood floors, and _______ facade.
Colonial
The fronts of the homes in the Sears + Roebuck catalogues being mass produced often resembled those of the _________ period.
wax
The furniture designed for Louis XIV's (14) palace was first shown in a ______ model.
French Baroque of Louis XIV (14)
The idea of "comfort" was first introduced in which design style?
sofas
The idea of "comfort" was first introduced with the design of _______ .
Victorian
The invention of linoleum happened in what style/era?
Louis XVI (16th)
The shift to Neoclassical style associated with which Louis?
rectilinear; geometrical
The shift to Neoclassical style was a more _________ and ________ approach.
crown
The throne of Louis XIV (14) had a ______ above to represent his power.
kingship
The throne of Louis XIV represented ________ .
individual
Theorists, Philosophers and Designers were expanding with a new focus on the importance of the ___________________ during the Aesthetic Movement
Louis Sullivan
These are all buildings designed by which architect? -modern skyscraper -Prairie School -Pirie Scott Building -"Jewel Box" Banks -Charnley House (w/ Frank L.Wright)
The School of Nancy
These are all characteristics of the _________ _____ _____________ -variety -originality -beauty -excess
Art Nouveau
These are characteristics of what design style? -inclusive of fine arts -used honest materials -curvilinear forms -nature themed abstract ornamentation -asymmetrical lines
Dorothy Draper
These are features of whose designs? anti-minimalist, bright colors, oversized scrollwork, Baroque plasterwork, Chinese influence
Craftsman
These are furniture features of what design era? -wooden joints -iron hardware -leather cushions
New York Public Library & Grand Central Station
These are the 2 most prominent buildings from the Beaux-Arts style in New York
The Roycrofters
These were imitators who gained success -mission style furniture -developed aesthetic cult -competition of Stickley Brothers
Rose Cummings
This Eclectic American decorator was less accurate with historical detail in her work, used aggressive colors and buildings.
Trinity Church (1877)
This Romanesque influenced building was the first masterpiece of Henry Hobson Richardson.
Greenbrier Hotel
This building in West Virginia is considerably the "most lavish" in America. It was a military hospital during WWII, then later renovated by Draper.
Casa Batilo
This building was designed by Antoni Gaudi, built in the heart of Catalone and was a refurbishment of a pre-exisiting building
Nancy McClelland
This eclectic American decorator was very historically accurate in her reproductions.
The Vienna Succession
This historical movement characterized a group of artists withdrawing from their academy
The Red House
This is the place William Morris lived after mentor Phillip Webb designed that juxtaposed the Crystal Palace -functional purpose (function drives form)
Art Nouveau
This movement was a direct rejection to the Victorian Era and made use of modern materials & techniques
Arts & Craft/Aesthetic Movement
This movement was a reaction to the Victorian Era, with opposition to excess and debased by mechanization
Cabbage ("Glasgow") Rose
This symbol is known as the ________________
Henry Hobson Richardson
This was the First American architect of international importance who focused on --quality materials --good craftsmanship
Rene Lalique
This was the French glass and jewelry designer who strived to create something never before seen that resulted in "modern jewelry".
The Session Hall
This was the icon of the Vienna succession that inscribed "to every age's art-every art's freedom" on the archway
Nancy
This was the major hub in France for the glassware and silver arts during the Art Nouveau style.
McMillen Inc.
___________ was Eleanor McMillen's own design company.
Rococo
Which style included these elements? Baroque or Rococo? ▪︎ pastel color palette ▪︎ more asymmetrical designs ▪︎ opulent ▪︎ considered to be more "whimsical & light"
Baroque
Which style included these elements? Baroque or Rococo? ▪︎ rich color palettes (jewel tones / reds / warm colors) ▪︎ gold tones ▪︎ scrollwork trumploy ▪︎ high detail ▪︎ pilasters ▪︎ enablature ▪︎ interior AND exteriors ▪︎ ornate heavy mirrors ▪︎ luxurious textiles & tapestries ▪︎ friezes ▪︎ grotesques
Victorian
Which style introduced metal springs which provided more comfort?
Baroque
Which style is considered more "saturated"? Baroque or Rococo?
Rococo
Which style is considered more delicate and light? Baroque or Rococo?
Victorian
Which style is known for its over-use of patterns?
Baroque
Which style of furniture is characterized by these elements? ◆ turned legs ◆ intricate carvings ◆ giant, heavy ◆ antiquity-based ornamentation ◆ marquetry & simulated materials (faux; made wood look like marble) ◆ bulbous feet ◆ introduced curving/bulging drawer fronts
French Regency
Which style popularized the use of these motifs? ◆ birds ◆ flowers ◆ shells (coquilles) ◆ rocks (rocailles) ("Rococo")
the Baroque style
Which style preferred ovals and elliptical shapes over rectangular, circular, and square shapes?
The Victorian Era Style
Which style used garnish pattern that was considered "easy and disposable"?
the Rococo style
Which style was known for exhibiting the "quadric riportato"?
Rococo
Which style was limited to only interiors? Baroque or Rococo?
John Ruskin
Who believed that handmade products were of more value and better craftsmanship than those machine-made during the Industrial Revolution?
Joseph Paxton; 1851; 14,000 exhibitors
Who built the Crystal Palace? What year? How many exhibitors were at the grand opening?
Shaw
Who designed the Holy Trinity Church, Piccadilly Hotel, Glen Andred, & Swan House?
Peter Thumb
Who designed the Monastery and Pilgrimage Church of Birnau? (located in Germany)
Hector Guimard
Who designed the Paris Metro Station?
Eugene Vallin
Who designed the dining room of the School of Nancy?
They were architecture students. They were the FIRST INTERIOR DESIGNERS EVEEERRRRRR.
Who is Charles Percier, and who is Francois-Leonard Fontaine? Why are these 2 men so important?
Phillippe
Who reigned between Louis XIV and Louis XV?
Louis Sullivan
Who said "form follows function"?
Richard Norman Shaw
Who was associated with the Queen Anne revival?
Louis Sullivan
Who was considered the "father of American modernism" and was employed by Frank Lloyd Wright?
Lois Comfort Tiffany
Who was the American Art Nouveau designer that son of a jeweler, a painter and created Tiffany Glass Company
Albert Speer
Who was the European Eclectic that believed every dictator should be as great & powerful as his building?
Charles Frederick Worth
Who was the Father of House Couture
Louis Majorelle
Who was the French furniture and iron worker that designed his work himself?
Bernini
Who was the Italian Baroque style architect in charge of the work of St. Peter's Baldachini?
Ruby Ross Wood
Who was the assistant to Elsie de Wolfe and wrote "the Honest House"?
Elsie de Wolfe
Who was the first successful professional interior decorator?
Richard Morris Hunt
Who was the individual at the forefront of Beaux-Arts in America? (studied at Ecole)
Dorothy Draper
Who was the professional and commercial decorator during the Eclectic period, (AR's hero) & whose business still runs today
Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Who was the prominent Arts & Crafts, Art Nouveau and Art Deco designer
Elsie de Wolfe
Who wrote "The House in Good Taste"
John Ruskin
Who wrote "The Seven Lamps of Architecture"?
Baroque
________ furniture: ◆ daybeds ◆ canopies ◆ sofas
Rococo
________ style interior design was prevalent in many German palaces.
skyscrapers
_________ began to develop when cities/businesses began to grow
Baroque
_________ furniture style was associated with promiscuity.
French
__________ eclecticism is the style in which McMillen designs her interiors.
Casa Mila
aka "La Padrera" (rocky quarry) was the last residence completed by Gaudi that had a stone front and underground garage
quadratura
architectural space painted in illusionistic perspective
Joseph Olbrich
co-founder of the Vienna succession -designed the succession building -architect who design many residential & commercial buildings
Gustav Klimt
during Art Nouveau, this artist focused on the the female body, which displayed erraticism and was considered vaguely pornographic at the time.
color
graphic illustration flourished because of _______ printing
quadric riportato
images enclosed by illustrative framing; important in Rococo style
Art Nouveau
means "new art"
di sotto in su
paintings that show an illusionistic view upward into a seeming dome, sky, or heaven; a Baroque style element
grammar
women were a symbol of __________ in Art Nouveau posters
John Ruskin
writer, theorist and art critic -Arts & Crafts design (heavily influenced on Gothic Revival) -honest use of materials -emphasis on craftsmanship
