Carolingians

Charles Martel

"Charles the Hammer," one of the founders of the Carolingian line, best known for the battle of Tours in 732

Carolingian

Monarchial family who ruled over the Franks, northern France, Belgium and western Germany

Holy Roman Empire

a portion of the Carolignian empire after it split, the self proclaimed name of the rulers of Germany and northern Italy, rulers called themselves Holy Roman Emperors merging Christianity and classical/Roman, began around the 10th century, but by this time their rule had become ineffective and local lords often ruled mostly independently

Adelaide

countess of Vermandois and the final member of the Carolingian dynasty, she died in 1120 or 1124

Pope Leo II

crowned Charlemagne the Holy Roman emperor in Rome in 800

the Split of the Empire

occurred after Charlemagne's death in 814,the empire was split into three portions for his sons, one of which became the Holy Roman Empire, for the most part Charlemagne's sons were not good leaders even in their smaller regional kingdoms

Treaty of Verdun

signed in August 843, the first of he treaties that divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms to the sons of Louis the Pious, the son of Charlemagne, the treaty end the three year Carolingian Civil war

Arnulfing and Pippinid Clans

the clans from which the Carolingian dynasty originated in the 7th century

Battle of Tours

took place in 732, Charles Martel defeated Arab armies in Spain and stopped Islam from spreading to the rest of Europe

Charlemagne

"Charles the Great," established much of the empire in France and Germany around 800 C.E.