Cellular Regulation

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of sickle cell anemia. The nurse understands that this predisposes the client to which renal or urological disorder?

Chronic Kidney Disease

A nurse sends a blood sample to the lab for analysis. Assuming the sample is normal, the nurse anticipates which WBC will account for the highest percentage?

Neutrophils; they constitute 55%-65% of total WBC

During a discussion on cellular componentes and their function, a student asked the instructor the purpose of mRNA. Which is the most accurate answer?

Performs an active role of protein synthesis, where mRNA molecules dire g the assembly of proteins on ribosomes to the cytoplasm

A nurse is interview a client about their past medical history. Which preexisting condition may lead the nurse to suspect that a client has colorectal cancer?

Polyps

What does the rough ER do in a cell?

Produces proteins

A young adult is preparing the begin treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), a disease that has disseminated widely. The nurse will anticipate which most likely treatment regimen?

Radiation, chemotherapy, and bio therapy

Which statement accurately reflects current stem cell research?

The stem cell is known as a precursor cell that continually replenishes the body's entire supply of both red and white cells

The nurse is aware that the most prevalente cause of immunodeficiency worldwide is

Malnutrition

Vitamin B and folic acid deficiencies are characterized by production of abnormally large erythrocytes called

Megaloblasts

Which statement would a nurse tell a client that best describes a lab finding of metaplasia?

"This is a change in cell form as it adapts to increased work demands or threats to survival."

A medication nurse is preparing to administer 0900 medications Roa client with liver cancer. Which consideration is the nurses highest priority?

Metabolism of the medication

In which client would a clinician most suspect multiple myeloma as a diagnosis

A 40-year-old man who has had three broken bones over the past 6 months and whose serum calcium and creatinine levels are elevated. Main sites in myeloma are the bones and bone marrow

Which cell of hematopoiesis is responsible for the prod unction of red blood cells and platelets?

Myeloid stem cell

The nurse is caring for a 45 year old client undergoing radiotherapy of the mediastinal nodes due to lymphoma. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize? SATA A. Assessing for fatigue B. Avoiding invasive procedures C. Performing respiratory assessment D. Performing neurological assessment E. Assessing for urinate retention

A. Assessing for fatigue B. Avoiding invasic procedures C. Perforkming reapirstory assessment

Which symptoms of a client with cancer are related to altered metabolic pathways and other causes rather than the presence of a tumor mass?

Anorexia, fatigue, sleep disorders, anemia

The nurse is assigned multiple clients with anemia. Which client may be experiencing a failure of the body to produce erythropoietin and thus may require supplemental injections of this hormone?

Client with a history of chronic kidney failure

Which term refers to a state of microorganisms being present within a host without causing host interference or interaction?

Colonization

Which factor is most protective against squamous cell carcinomas?

Dark skin color

Which situation causes atrophy?

Disuse, denervation (deprive nerve supply), decreased blood flow

The nurse is assessing a client. What finding should the nurse apply as evidence of iron deficiency anemia?

Dyspnea on exertion Oral lesions Concave fingernails

Which type of receptor bonds with insulin?

Enzyme-linked

A nurse is evaluating laboratory results of a client diagnose with a parasitic infection. The tests reveal a large group of cells that are membrane-bound with granules in their cytoplasm that are aiding in the destruction of the parasite. Which cell is the nurse evaluating?

Eosinophils; also help combate allergic disorders

Aplastic anemia is the result of which condition?

Failure of multi potent stem cells to grow

A client informs the nurse that she is afraid of developing bladder cancer because her mother has it. She asks the nurse what S&S are present with this cancer. What does the nurse tell the client is the most common sign of bladder cancer?

Gross hematuria, painless hematuria (blood in urine)

A patient is told that she has a common form of breast cancer where the tumor arises from the duct system and invades the surrounding tissues, often forming a solid irregular mass. What type of cancer does the nurse prepare to discuss with the patient?

Infiltrating díctala carcinoma

Which statement most accurately conveys an aspect of cell injury due to impaired calcium homeostasis?

Injured cells tend to accumulate calcium.

The radiologist is reviewing potential types of radiation therapy for a client. Which type of radiation directly breaks down chemical bonds in a cell?

Ionizing radiation

Which of the following is the effect of protein catabolism in a client with severe burns?

It compromises wound healing and immunocompetence

The bro rate of a client with type 1 diabetes is at high risk for hypoglycemia. An initial sign the nurse should recognize as indicating hypoglycemia in a neonate is

Lethargy

A clients bone marrow study report reveals the finding of blast cells in the bone marrow. What does the nurse interpret this as indicating?

Leukemia

A patient is scheduled for Mohs microscopic surgery for removal of a skin cancer lesion on this forehead. The nurse knows to prepare the patient by explaining that this type of surgery requires

Removal of the tumor, layer by layer

When providing education to a client diagnosed with a benign tumor, the nurse should emphasize the fact that benign tumors primarily

Tend to grow very slowly without destroying the supporting tissue

A 45 year old man is being treated for bladder cancer. Which therapy would have the least complications?

intravesical chemotherapy; cytotoxic drug is instilled directly into the bladder

Which is the first step in establishing a pattern of inheritance?

pedigree

Which of the following is the definition of cytogenetics?

the study of the structure and numeric characteristics of the cell's chromosomes