Ch 11 Human Resource Management

In the _____ review, management gathers opinions from all around the employee, including those under; above, and on the same level, to get an accurate, comprehensive idea of the worker's abilities

360-review

Prohibits employers from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in hiring, advancement, or compensation and requires them to adapt the workplace if necessary

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Provides broader protection for disabled workers and reverses Supreme Court decisions deemed too restrictive. Adds disabilities such as epilepsy and cancer to ADA coverage.

Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act of 2008

Internal or external training programs away from the workplace that develop any of a variety of skills or foster personal development

off-the-job training

Training at the workplace that lets the employee learn by doing or by watching others for a while and then imitating them (often called shadowing)

on-the-job training

The activity that introduces new employees to the organization; to fellow employees; to their immediate supervisors; and to the policies, practices, and objectives of the firm

orientation

In the new, flatter corporate structures, there are fewer levels for employees to reach than in the past. Thus they often move _____ to a new position rather than _____.

over; up

Training programs in which employees complete classes via the Internet

online training

_____ focuses on short-term skills, whereas _____ focuses on long-term abilities

training; development

Outlawed employment practices that discriminate against people 40 and older. An amendment outlaws requiring retirement by a specific age

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

nearly _____ million US workers work from home at least once per week. Approximately _____% of businesses use some home-based work.

13; 12

The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates there are approximately _____ million contingent workers in the US, with the majority under age 25

5.7

_____ prohibits discrimination in hiring, firing, compensation, apprenticeships, training, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment based on race, religion, creed, sex, or national origin

Title VII

Job simulation differs from vestibule training in that it duplicates the _____ combination of conditions that occur on the job

exact

Knowing employee reasons for leaving can be invaluable in preventing the loss of other good people in the future. One way to learn the reasons is to have an outside expert conduct an _____ interview.

exit

_____ sources such as advertisements, public and private employment agencies, college placement bureaus, management consultants, Internet sites, professional organizations, referrals, and online and walk-in applications

external

Work schedule that gives employees some freedom to choose when to work, as long as they work the required number of hours or complete their assigned tasks. Does not work well in fast food or assembly processes

flextime plan

Benefits such as sick-leave pay, vacation pay, pension plans, and health plans that represent additional compensation beyond base wages

fringe benefits

Most _____ systems base bonuses on improvements over precious performance

gain-sharing

Sometimes offering early retirement benefits to entice older workers to retire. Such benefits can include one-time cash payments, known in some companies as _____

golden handshakes

The process of determining human resource needs and then recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating, compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals

human resource management (HRM)

_____ sources include current employees who can be transferred or promoted or who can recommend others to hire; they are less expensive than recruiting from outside and help maintain employee mortale

internal

5 steps in the human resource planning process: 1. Preparing a human resource _____ of the organization's employees 2. Preparing a _____ analysis 3. Assessing future human resource _____ 4. Assessing future _____ supply 5. Establishing a strategic _____

inventory; job; demand; labor; plan

A study of what employees do who hold various job titles

job analysis

A summary of the objectives of a job, the type of work to be done, the responsibilities and duties, the working conditions, and the relationship of the job to other functions

job description

An arrangement where two part-time employees share one full-time job

job sharing

The use of equipment that duplicates job conditions and tasks so trainees can learn skills before attempting them on the job

job simulation

A written summary of the minimum qualifications required of workers to do a particular job

job specifications

Workers who successfully complete an apprenticeship earn the classification _____

journeyman

The process of training and educating employees to becomes good managers, and then monitoring the progress of their managerial skills over time

management development

An experienced employee who supervises, coaches, and guides lower-level employees by introducing them to the right people and generally being their organizational sponsor

mentor

The process of establishing and maintaining contacts with key managers in and outside the organization and using those contracts to weave strong relationships that serve as informal development systems

networking

An evaluation that measures employee performance against established standards in order to make decisions about promotions, compensation, training, or termination

performance appraisal

Today the job of HRM has taken on an increased role in the firm since _____ employees are much scarcer

qualified

The set of activities used to obtain a sufficient number of the right employees at the right time

recruitment

The roles and responsibilities of HRM have evolved primarily because of two key factors: organizations' recognition of employees as their ultimate _____ and changes in the _____ that rewrote many traditional practices

resource; law

Discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group (e.g., whites or males) usually as a result of policies designed to correct previous discrimination against minority or disadvantaged groups

reverse discrimination

The process of gathering information and deciding who should be hired, under legal guidelines, to serve the best interests of the individual and the organization

selection

_____ pay rewards the growth of both the individual and the team. Base pay is raised when team members learn and apply new skills. The drawbacks include, the system is complex and it is difficult to relate the acquisition of skills directly to profit gains.

skill-based

_____ benefits help workers maintain the balance between work and family life that is often as important to hardworking employees as the nature of the job itself

soft

6 steps of performance appraisals: 1. Establish performance _____ 2. Communicating those _____ 3. Evaluating _____ 4. Discussing _____ with employees 5. Taking _____ action 6. Using the _____ to make decisions

standards; standards; performance; results; corrective; results

Those who have more skills or knowledge than their current jobs require of those with part-time jobs who want to work full-time

underemployed workers

Training done in schools where employees are taught on equipment similar to that used on the job

vestibule training

Many companies find that promotion from within the _____ improves employee morale, it is also cost-effective

company

Businesses with 50 or more employees must provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave per year upon birth or adoption of an empoyee's child or upon serious illness or a parent, spouse, or child

Family and Medical leave Act of 1993

The Office of _____ Contract _____ Programs ensures that employers comply with nondiscrimination and affirmative action laws and regulations when doing business with the federal government

Federal; Compliance

Regulated the degree to which employees can be exposed to hazardous substances and specified the safety equipment the employer must provide

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

_____ is one of the main tools companies use to attract qualified employees, and one of their largest operating costs

compensation

Work schedule that allows an employee to work a full number of hours per week be in fewer days

compressed workweek

_____ means treating people according to their specific needs

accommodation

Employment activities designed to "right past wrongs" by increasing opportunities for minorities and women. This led some employers to actively recruit, and in some cases give preference to, women and minority group members.

affirmative action

Employees that include part-time workers, temporary workers, seasonal workers, independent contractors, interns, and co-op students. They tend to receive few benefits and earn less than permanent workers.

contingent workers

In a flextime plan, the period when all employees are expected to be at their job stations

core time

A typical selection process has 6 steps: 1. Obtaining complete _____ forms 2. Conducting initial and follow-up _____ 3. Giving employment _____ 4. Conducting _____ investigations 5. Obtaining results from _____ exams 6. Establishing _____ (probationary) periods

application; interviews; tests; background; physical; trial

Training programs during which a learner works alongside an experienced employee to master the skills and procedures of a craft

apprentice programs

Fringe benefits plan that allows employees to choose the benefits they want up to a certain dollar amount

cafeteria-style fringe benefits

All attempts to improve productivity by increasing an employee's ability to perform. Training focuses on short-term skills, whereas development focuses on long-term abilities

training and development