ch 14 personality disorders

Researchers found what percentage of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder free of symptoms after 10 years?

85%

Which of the following is true?

A first diagnosis of BPD in childhood or adolescence has the worst long-term consequences.

Elton has some long-standing inflexible traits that have caused him to be diagnosed with a personality disorder. He is involved in the legal system but says he intends to outsmart all the fancy lawyers; he is impulsive, lies to and manipulates others; and has no remorse for such actions. Which is the most likely personality disorder he has been diagnosed with?

Antisocial personality disorder

Cluster C contains which of the following personality disorders?

Avoidant Obssessive-compulsive Dependent

Cluster B contains which of the following personality disorders?

Borderline Histrionic Antisocial Narcissistic

the personality disorder categories of paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal fall into which cluster of the DSM-5?

Cluster A

The personality disorders which focus on behaviors which are dramatic, emotional, or erratic are _______.

Cluster B personality disorders

Which of the following statements are true about psychoanalytic and psychodynamic explanations of narcissistic personality disorder?

Current psychodynamic theorists see it as a failure to form an integrated sense of self. It was once seen as a failure to progress beyond the early psychosexual stages.

_____________ behavior therapy (DBT) was developed by Marsha Linehan for use with people diagnosed with BPD.

Dialectical

A diagnosis of borderline personality disorder involves which of the following behaviors?

Difficulty controlling anger Unstable and intense relationships Chronic feelings of emptiness

Which of the following are features of schizotypal personality disorder

Difficulty forming accurate perceptions and cognitions Restricted affect Eccentric ideas Unusual beliefs and experiences

Which of the following are features of avoidant personality disorder?

Feeling socially inferior Staying away from social encounters Perceiving oneself as lacking social skills

Which of the following are typical of a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Has difficulty understanding how others feel Has high standards for self and others Extremely perfectionistic

Carmella always wants to be the center of attention and has a variety of exhibitionistic and theatrical personality traits. She has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Which of the following is most likely?

Histrionic personality disorder

Which of the following sets of criteria are used for personality disorder diagnoses in Section 3 of the DSM-5?

How personality is reflected in relation to others How a person expresses personality in terms of identity and self-direction How a person rates on specific personality traits

Alicia has been diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following might be some of her symptoms?

Manipulativeness Failure to conform to social norms Lack of remorse or regret

Clarice is an accountant and has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. She is perfectionistic, work-focused to the exclusion of social relationships, and has strong opinions of right and wrong. Which of the following personality disorders best fits Clarice

Obsessive-compulsive

Mareka has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her therapist asks her about how things are going in her life, and Mareka says her neighbor is trying to make trouble for her, her ex-husband is trying to get custody of their children, her employer is looking for an excuse to fire her, her boyfriend is probably cheating on her, and her coworkers are out to get her. Mareka likely has which type of personality disorder?

Paranoid

Which of the following symptoms are more typical for women than for men diagnosed with borderline personality disorder?

They have higher rates of eating disorders. They have higher rates of mood and anxiety disorders.

Which of the following is a treatment for borderline personality disorder that uses the client-clinician relationship as the framework for helping clients achieve greater understanding of their unconscious feelings and motives?

Transference-focused psychotherapy

True or false: The symptoms of those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder can improve over time.

True

Research suggests that those with dependent personality disorder have an extremely high level of _______.

agreeableness

Researchers believe that ______ is a more severe form of social anxiety disorder.

avoidant personality disorder

A person with a diagnosis of ___________ personality disorder tends to be clinging and passive and must rely on others to make decisions.

dependent

Instead of categorical ratings, the alternative system for diagnosing personality disorders, which is being offered on a trial basis in Section 3 of the DSM-5, uses _______ ratings.

dimensional

A personality _______ is an ingrained way of relating to other people, situations, and events, characterized by a rigid and maladaptive pattern of inner experience and behavior.

disorder

A personality _______ may be diagnosed when people become rigidly fixed on one particular trait or set of traits.

disorder

Abby's therapist and Abby have developed a hierarchy of social situations that range from not very threatening to very threatening. The therapist's strategy is to start with the least threatening and work up to assist Abby in not being so sensitive to rejection, to improve Abby's sense of unworthiness, and to assist her in having more relationships with others. This is a description of using _____ _____ to treat Abby's diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder.

graduated exposure

A person high in ___________ narcissism views himself as superior, unique, and entitled.

grandiose

A diagnosis of ____________ personality disorder in the DSM-5 describes a person whose behavior revolves around the seeking of attention, usually in a "theatrical" way, wanting to be on stage, admired, and p

histrionic

Tina has big hair, flirts seductively with the therapist, has long, polished red fingernails that she waves about theatrically, wears chunky jewelry, and claims to know many famous people. She has recently been diagnosed with

histrionic personality disorder.

Each of the following are long-term negative consequences of BPD except

intellectual impairment.

Cluster A of the personality disorders of the DSM-5 is the

odd, eccentric cluster.

A person with a diagnosis of _____________ personality disorder may be extremely suspicious of others and always on guard against potential danger or harm.

paranoid

The term ______________ describes suicidal gestures that are frequently made by a person with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder.

parasuicide

A person with a diagnosis of ___________ personality disorder might prefer to work in an isolated situation away from others and is not even interested in becoming sexually involved with others.

schizoid

A client is diagnosed with ______ personality disorder because she has odd, eccentric ideas and a confusing and distorted sense of self. She also has difficulty understanding the motivations and behaviors of others, and her personality traits fall along the extremely maladaptive end of the psychoticism dimension.

schizotypal

Researchers have come to believe that ____________ __________ disorder is a less severe form of avoidant personality disorder.

social anxiety

Marie has a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. When she first saw her therapist, she immediately liked her, talked about her to everyone, and could not wait for her next session. When the therapist advised her that she would be relocating and it would be necessary to transfer her to a different therapist, Marie flew into a rage and told the therapist that she hated her and hoped she died. This is an example of

splitting.

A personality ___________ is an enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and others, a pattern that characterizes the majority of a person's interactions and experiences.

trait

Which of the following are typical of a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

Has high standards for self and others Has difficulty understanding how others feel Extremely perfectionistic

Dr. Allison is a cognitive-behavioral therapist treating Anna for avoidant personality disorder. Which of the following treatment techniques would Dr. Allison be most likely to use?

Skills training Graduated exposure Relationship training

What is emotional dysregulation?

An inability to regulate emotion

__________ personality disorder is characterized by a lack of regard for society's moral or legal standards and an impulsive and risky lifestyle.

Antisocial

Emily has been hospitalized and diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her sister tells the clinician that Emily spends all her time "pestering" family members and is moody, demanding, and reckless. She talks continuously about not knowing what to do in her life. When Emily is interviewed, she tells the clinician that she feels empty all the time. Which of the following disorders is Emily's most likely diagnosis?

Borderline personality disorder

Which of the following are features of people with dependent personality disorder

Clinging behaviors When alone feel despondent and abandoned. Passivity and agreeing with others

The contemporary psychodynamic approach to OCPD adds what focus to the Freudian concepts

Cognitive factors Prior learning

Which of the following are characteristics of antisocial personality disorder?

Extremely egocentric Charming but insincere Deceptive Incapable of love Able to exploit others

Which best summarizes the cognitive-behavioral perspective on the causes of avoidant personality disorder?

Hypersensitivity to shame

DSM-5 diagnostic criteria require that a person's behavior patterns must fit at least two of which of the following areas in order to receive a diagnosis of a personality disorder?

Impulse control Interpersonal functioning Affectivity Cognition

People with Cluster B personality disorders exhibit which of the following characteristics?

Impulsivity High desire to seek stimulation Inflated self-importance

Which of the following represent the psychological perspective of borderline personality disorder?

Inability to withstand distress Avoidance of emotionally uncomfortable situations Lack of emotional regulation

What are the goals of dialectical behavior therapy?

Increase the client's ability to handle emotional stress Reduce the frequency of the client's self-destructive acts

Which of the following are traits which have been shown to be associated with dependent personality disorder?

Insecure attachment Anxiousness Submissiveness

Which of the following are features of schizoid personality disorder?

Limited range of emotional expression Lack of sexual involvement

Which of the following is true in regard to gender differences in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder?

Men and women are equally diagnosed.

Which of the following is a treatment for borderline personality disorder that helps clients identify their feelings and assist them in gaining control over problematic thinking and the feelings that go with it?

Mentalization therapy

Adam believes he is exceptional, should be treated as special, and is entitled to a promotion at work. He spends a considerable amount of time creating the right impression with people. His boss is getting a little tired of Adam's attempts to gain his approval and the approval of his coworkers. Adam saw a clinician several weeks ago and was diagnosed with a personality disorder. Which one is most likely?

Narcissistic personality disorder

A person diagnosed with which of the following disorders is usually seen by others as rigid and stubborn?

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

The contemporary psychodynamic approach to OCPD adds what focus to the Freudian concepts?

Prior learning Cognitive factors

Which of the following are features of the cognitive-behavioral approach to treating a person with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder?

Teaching clients to articulate the automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes that interfere with establishing relationships. Using graduated exposure to social interaction.

Which of the following would a cognitive-behaviorist endorse with regard to narcissistic personality disorder?

The underlying problem is the client's maladaptive ideas.

Which of the following are true of people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder from a cognitive-behavioral perspective?

Their feelings of self-worth depend on perfection. They set unrealistic ideas of perfection.

Which of the following features are typical of people diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder?

Their self-esteem is based on views of others. They have a strong sense of entitlement. They have a belief that they are exceptional.

Which of the following are features of people with diagnoses of histrionic personality disorders?

They may behave theatrically. They like to be the center of attention. They are often flirtatious or seductive.

Which of the following are characteristics that may work against the use of cognitive-behavioral treatment for people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

They tend to intellectualize. They worry about making mistakes. They ruminate over past behavior.

Which of the following is an intervention that is part of metacognitive interpersonal therapy?

Thinking about thinking

Which of the following are features of schizotypal personality disorder?

Unusual beliefs and experiences Difficulty forming accurate perceptions and cognitions Restricted affect Eccentric ideas

Which of the following are features of the cognitive-behavioral approach to treating a person with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder?

Using graduated exposure to social interaction. Teaching clients to articulate the automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes that interfere with establishing relationships.

Dr. Bronikowski says that narcissism involves unworkable beliefs and maladaptive ideas. Dr. Bronikowski is most likely

a cognitive-behavioral therapist.

_________ personality disorder is characterized by a lack of regard for society's moral or legal standards and an impulsive and risky

antisocial

Shelley's roommate wonders why she never accepts any social invitations. The roommate has also noticed that Shelley is sensitive to rejection and often interprets innocent remarks as ridicule. The roommate knows Shelley has recently seen a psychologist and been diagnosed with

avoidant personality disorder.

The main goal of therapists working in the cognitive-behavioral framework with someone with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder is to

break the client's negative cycle of avoidance.

he main goal of therapists working in the cognitive-behavioral framework with someone with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder is to

break the client's negative cycle of avoidance.

Professor Tou explains to her Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has unrealistic expectations about being perfect and avoiding mistakes. This is a(n) ______ perspective.

cognitive-behavioral

In the alternative personality disorder diagnostic system defined in Section 3 of the DSM-5, the number of personality disorder categories has been

decreased.

Professor Taylor explains to his Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has not progressed from or is constantly returning to the anal stage of psychosexual development. This is a ______ perspective.

historic psychodynamic

One distinction between obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder is that people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are _____.

obsessed with the need to be perfect

People who are perfectionistic, define themselves by their accomplishments, have difficulty completing tasks because they find flaws in their work, set unrealistic standards for themselves, and can be overly moralistic would probably be diagnosed with ______.

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

In Section 3 of the DSM-5, the diagnosis of a(n) _______________ _____________ will require meeting the following sets of criteria: determining how a person functions in terms of identity and self-direction, determining how a person functions in relationships with others, and ratings of specific traits.

personality disorder

Dr. Fraser says that narcissism is the person's failure to progress beyond the early, highly self-focused stages of psychosexual development. Dr. Fraser is reflecting the

psychoanalytic perspective.

The term ________ is used in the psychological profession to describe the way that people with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder relate to others. This means that their preoccupation with feelings of love for the object of their desire and attention can easily turn to extreme rage and hatred when the love object rejects them.

splitting

The term parasuicide describes

suicidal gestures.

Those people with _______ have an internally weak sense of self and can become despondent when they feel someone is humiliating or betraying them.

vulnerable narcissism