Ch 32 Hematologic function

Each 100 ml of blood should normally contain how much hemoglobin

15g

Women of childbearing age need an additional _______ daily of iron to replace that lost during menstruation

2mg

the volume of blood in humans is about

5 to 6 L

plasma protein primarily responsible for the maintenence of fluid balance

Albumin

Plasma protiens consist primarily of

Albumin, globulin

when the physician informs the nurse the patient has had a shift to the left what does this mean

An increased number of band celss is sometimes called a shift to the left. It indicates that more immature cells are present in the blood than normal

All donors are expected to meet the following minimal requirements (American Red Cross, 2012b):

Body weight should be at least 50 kg (110 lb) for a standard 450-mL donation. Donors weighing less than 50 kg donate proportionately less blood. People younger than 17 years require parental consent in some states. • The oral temperature should not exceed 37.5°C (99.6°F). • The pulse rate should be regular and between 50 and 100 bpm. • The systolic arterial blood pressure should be 90 to 180 mm Hg, and the diastolic pressure should be 50 to 100 mm Hg. • The hemoglobin level should be at least 12.5 g/dL for women and 13.5 g/dL for men

A client with a history of sickle cell anemia has developed iron overload from repeated blood transfusions. What treatment does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed

Chelation therapy is prescribed to treat iron overload.

The process of continually replacing blood cells

Hematapoesis

A patient develops a hemolytic reaction to a blood transfusion. What actions should the nurse take after this occurs?

Obtain appropriate blood specimens. • Collect a urine sample to detect hemoglobin. • Document the reaction according to policy. Explanation: If a hemolytic transfusion reaction or bacterial infection is suspected, the nurse does the following: obtains appropriate blood specimens from the patient; collects a urine sample as soon as possible to detect hemoglobin in the urine; and documents the reaction according to the institution's policy.

The client is diagnosed with polycythemia vera. The nurse prepares the client for which procedure

Phlebotomy Explanation: Polycythemia vera is a condition in which the blood contains a large amount of red blood cells, increasing the viscosity of the blood. Phlebotomy is a preferred treatment to rid the circulation of excess red blood cells.

The two most common areas used for bone marrow aspirations in adults is

The sternum, the iliac crest

another term for platelets

Thrombocytes

polycythemia vera

a bone marrow disease that leads to an abnormal increase in the number of blood cells.

Filgrastim (Neupogen)

a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of myeloid stem cells; a rapid increase in neutrophils is seen within the circulation

Blood cell formation (hematopoesis) occurs in the

bone marrow

clotting factor present in plasma

fibrinogin

Name five substances that bone marrow requires for normal erythrocyte production

iron, vit B12, folic acid, pyridoxine, protien

describe why the stroma of the bone marrow is important

it is important in an indirect manner, it produces colony stimulating factor

Rituximab (Rituxin

monoclonal antibody Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody against the protein CD20, which is primarily found on the surface of immune system B cells

protien that forms the basis of blood clotting

plasminogin

Red bone marrow activity is confined in adults to the

ribs. vertabrae, pelvis, sternum

The site of sctivity for most macrophages

spleen

describe how natural killer (NK) cells play serve as an important part of the bodys immune defense system

they serve as killers of virus infected and cancer cells. They also secrete cytokines to mobilize the T and B cells

The principal function of the erythrocyte, which is composed of

transport oxygen between the lungs and the tissues hemoglobin

Imatinib (Gleevec)

tyrosine kinase inhibitor, works by blocking signals within the leukemia cells that express the BCR-ABL protein, thus preventing a series of chemical reactions that cause the cell to grow and divide

The nurse advises a patient who is iron deficient to take extra ________ which increases iron absorption

vitamin C