ch. 9 and 10

What does set point theory suggest about the probable results of bariatric surgery?

It will not result in long term weight loss because the body will resist change and seek its initial set point

which of the following illustrates conservation?

Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

According to research the need for _________ encourages Mr. Blutarski to complete a second PhD., so he can add another accomplishment to his already long list of accolades

achievement

The need for ________ might explain why we "friend" people on social media websites, join clubs or hobby groups, and spend time with others when we might otherwise feel like being by ourselves.

affiliation

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, when is the most efficient time for Carl to mow the lawn?

after he has received some exciting news

Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Mercy probably suffers from ________.

anorexia nervosa

One-year-old Ainsley learned the schema for trucks because his family has a truck. When Ainsley sees trucks driving on television, she says, "Look mommy, truck!" This exemplifies ________.

assimilation

Which theorist is credited with proposing the psychosexual stages of development?

Sigmund Freud

Which of the following describes the Yerkes-Dodson law?

Simple task are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, yet complex task are performed best when arousal levels are low.

Which of the following is something an advocate for arousal theory might observe?

When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace.

early maturing girls are ___________.

at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?

authoritative

Dr. Korkolos is a surgeon who conducts procedures that modify a patient's gastrointestinal system so that they can only eat or absorb limited amount of food. Dr. Korkolos' expertise is in __________ surgery.

bariatric

The ________ complex is the part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory.

basolateral

The _________ complex and the central ________ are both part of the amygdala.

basolateral; nucleus

Jude is a man who is emotionally and sexually attracted to both men and women. Jude is ________.

bisexual

Anasophia binges on chocolates, then makes herself vomit so that she won't retain any of the calories she just ingested. When she is no doing this she regularly abuses laxatives in the hope that she will not absorb calories and gain weight. Anasophia has a normal body size, but has a great fear of gaining weight. It would be a good idea for Anasophia to be evaluated to see if she is suffering from _______.

bulimia nervosa

Victoria has learned that she has metastatic breast cancer and has only a few months to live. She immediately goes to church and prays that she will change her ways and will become a model Christian if God will heal her illness. Victoria is at the _________ stage of grieving.

bargaining

______ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.

cognitive

During Piaget's ________ stage of development, children understand events and analogies logically, and they can perform simple mathematical operations. At the same time they lack the ability to think abstractly.

concrete operational

Jory, a six year old, is picking out a card for his mother's birthday. He picks the card with a picture of Lightning McQueen, reasoning that since he loves Cars his mother does to. What does this exemplify?

egocentrism

A(n) ____ is a subjective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. a _____ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.

emotion; mood

What does nurture refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?

environment and cutlure

Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

esteem

If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe the ________.

facial feedback hypothesis

Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of ________ motor skills.

fine

During adolescence there is a tendency to see people engage in higher levels of risk-taking behavior. Emotional outbursts are also quite common. This is explained by the relative underdevelopment of the ________ lobe of the cerebral cortex.

frontal

What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?

genes and biology

Balancing, running, and jumping are all examples of ________ motor skills.

gross

Empty stomachs contract, causing both hunger pangs and the secretion of chemical messages that travel to the brain to serve as a signal to initiate feeding behavior. This is an example of ________.

how physiological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger

Age-specific approximations of when a certain skill or ability should first occur in normal development are called developmental __________.

milestones

Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________.

motivation

the notion that the manner in which one's brain develops can have a significant impact on a person's cognitive functioning is the central to the _________ perspective in developmental psychology.

neuroconstructivist

Greg is 5 feet three inches tall and weighs 260 pounds. Greg is ________.

obese

Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify?

object permanence

Tesla crafts imitation dream catchers in her spare time. Her father constantly encourages her to sell them on eBay. When she finally agrees to sell them, she notices that while she still enjoys making the dream catchers, she no longer does it for fun—she does it to make money. This is an example of the ________ effect.

overjustification

Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this?

permissive

____________ development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, senses, motor skills, and health and wellness.

physical

food, water, shelter, and warmth represent _________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

physiological

According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors:

physiological and cognitive

Britta knows that it is wrong to break into a store that is closed, but there is a medical emergency and she has no cell phone with her. Her date has collapsed on the street and is having a seizure. Britta breaks the window of a local store, unlocks the door, and lets herself in to call the police. She stays behind to explain her behavior to the store owner, who shows up shortly after he is called. Britta is operating at the ________ level of Kohlberg's theory of morality.

post-conventional

_______ are concepts (mental models) that are used to help us categorize and interpret information.

schema

Umberto is a one year old, and his mother is sensitive and responsive to his needs. He is distressed when his mother leaves him, and he is happy to see her when she returns. What kind of attachment is this?

secure

During Jean Piaget's ________ stage, the world is experienced through senses and actions.

sensorimotor

The ______ theory asserts that each individual has an ideal body weight that is resistant to change.

set point

When one considers the majority of the scientific data that are available, what can be said about sexual orientation?

sexual orientation is something with which we are born

Between birth and one year, infants are dependent on their care givers; therefore, caregivers who are responsive and sensitive to their infant's needs help their baby to develop a sense of the world as a safe, predictable place. In Erikson's developmental theory, what's the primary developmental task of this stage?

trust vs. mistrust

which of the following is not one of the reasons for the new lifespan development category called emerging adulthood?

younger average age for marriage

A(n) _______ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge.

zyogote

What is primary distinction between bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder?

Bulimia nervosa involves inappropriate purging behaviors while binge nervosa does not

According to _________, lifespan development encompasses eight stages and at each stage we encounter a psychosocial crisis that must be resolved.

Erik Erikson

According to Jean Piaget, in what stage do children being to use abstract thinking processes?

Formal operational

According to the ___________ theory of emotions, one's physiological arousal precedes cognitive experience of a feeling .

James-Lange

Which individual produced volumes that discussed sexual behavior among Americans in a way that had never before been made public, research that was not happily received by all who read it?

Kinsey

Who was the first theorist to explore the idea that the way we appraise a situation would influence the type of emotion that we'd experience in response to that event?

Magda Arnold

which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?

Naomi believes that she can successfully complete law school

The theorist who promoted the idea that development is fundamentally affected by one's culture as well as their interactions with their own environment is:

Vygotsky

What is Prader-Willi syndrome?

a genetic disorder that results in persistent feelings of intense hunger and reduced rates of metabolism

Amir bites his fingernails. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.

a habit

what is an advance directive?

a legal document that provides specific interventions that a person wants.

Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior?

babysitting your younger brother in order to receive an hourly fee

The goal of hospice care is to provide

death with dignity and pain management in a humane and comfortable setting.

what is the main idea of drive theory?

deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that then push us to behave

When development proceeds in a stepwise fashion with periods of growth interrupted by periods where growth is not occurring, we'd say that development is taking a(n) ________ trajectory.

discontinuous

Jules is participating in the Strange Situation experiment. When his mother returns, he freezes, and then behaves erratically. In fact, he runs away from his mother. What kind of attachment is this?

disorganized

Adolescents (ages 12-18 years) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. Erik Erikson would argue that during this period adolescents face the________ task of development.

identity vs. confusions

Which of the following is an example of an instinctive behavior?

infant rooting for a nipple

After age 65, most people are attempting to assess their lives and make sense of life and the meaning of their contributions. Within the psychosocial model of development, what is the primary developmental task of this stage?

integrity vs despair

Which option is best described as a hormone that induces feelings of satiety, or fullness when eating?

leptin

Research has found that the nucleus and the amygdala, both of which are part of the _________, are brain areas that are particularly important in sexual motivation.

limbic system

Elroy decided not to cheat on the exam because he would fail the class if he was caught. What stage of moral development does this exemplify?

pre-conventional

Ross has learned that he has Parkinson's disease, and that in time he will lose some of his cognitive faculties. He and his wife have a lawyer draw up a document that names her a health care ________ who will be able to make medical decisions for Ross when he is unable to do so for himself.

proxy

Which choice would you not expect to occur during the excitement phase of the sexual response cyce?

reduction in pulse and blood pressure

Which of the following is the time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?

refractory peroid