CH. 9 Eating Disorders

Hypothalamus

A brain structure that helps maintain various bodily functions, including eating and hunger.

Binge-eating disorder

A disorder marked by frequent binges but not extreme compensatory behaviors.

Bulimia nervosa

A disorder marked by frequent eating binges that are followed by forced vomiting or other extreme compensatory behaviors to avoid gaining weight. Also known as binge-purge syndrome.

Anorexia nervosa

A disorder marked by the pursuit of extreme thinness and by an extreme loss of weight.

Enmeshed family pattern

A family system in which members are overinvolved with each other's affairs and overconcerned about each other's welfare.

Prevention

A key feature of community mental health programs that seek to prevent or minimize psychological disorders.

Brain circuit

A network of particular brain structures that work together, triggering each other into action to produce a distinct kind of behavioral, cognitive, or emotional reaction.

Bindi suffers from anorexia nervosa. Bindi is MOST likely to experience:

distorted views of her weight and body

Although anorexia nervosa can appear at any age, the peak age of onset is between ages:

14 and 20

According to the text, the onset of bulimia nervosa normally occurs between _____ years of age

15 and 20

Multidimensional risk perspective

A theory that identifies several kinds of risk factors that are thought to combine to help cause a disorder. The more factors present, the greater the risk of developing the disorder.

motivational interviewing

A treatment intervention that uses a mixture of empathy and inquiring review to help motivate clients to recognize they have a serious psychological problem and to commit to making constructive choices and behavior changes.

Restricting-type anorexia nervosa

A type of anorexia nervosa in which people reduce their weight by severely restricting their food intake.

Binge

An episode of uncontrollable eating during which a person ingests a very large quantity of food.

Nutritional rehabilitation

An initial phase of treatment in a number of cases of anorexia nervosa that includes supportive nursing care, day-to-day increased caloric intake, nutrition counseling, support, and, in some programs, motivational interviewing.

Amenorrhea

The absence of menstrual cycles.

Relapse is a major problem for those suffering from bulimia nervosa. Researchers have identified certain factors that more accurately predict future relapse after successful treatment. Which is NOT one of those factors?

There was at least one other diagnosable mental illness that co-occurred with the bulimia nervosa.

ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)

a brain region that depresses hunger when activated

Lateral hypothalamus (LH)

a brain region that produces hunger when activated

According to the text, _____ is the best approach for achieving both immediate and sustained recovery from anorexia nervosa

a combination of therapeutic approaches

According to the text, after correcting the dangerous eating habits associated with an eating disorder, the secondary goal of treatment is to

address the broader psychological and situational factors that lead to an eating problem.

About half of those who have suffered from anorexia nervosa continue to battle certain emotional problems for years after they receive treatment. Which is NOT an example of these emotional problems?

anger

Quinn intensely fears gaining weight. He restricts his food intake, and his body perception is distorted. Quinn MOST likely suffers from:

anorexia nervosa

Tessa has always been slightly overweight. She was generally liked by her peers and was very social in high school. Recently, Tessa's father took a new job, and Tessa had to move to another state and enroll in a new high school. Soon after the move, she became depressed and withdrawn and had difficulty making new friends. Tessa is MOST at risk for developing:

anorexia nervosa

Zeekal has recently been hospitalized. She is severely underweight, her body temperature is low, her heart rate is below normal, and her feet are swollen. All of Zeekal's physiological symptoms could be associated with:

anorexia nervosa

Clinicians have observed that the parents of teenagers with eating disorders tend do all of the following EXCEPT:

become absent from the lives of their childern

Sometimes, Edna vomits her meal soon after she eats. At other times, she takes an excessive amount of diuretics and laxatives. Edna MOST likely suffers from _____ anorexia nervosa.

binge-eating/purging-type

_____-type anorexia nervosa involves excessive use of diuretics and laxatives, as well as vomiting after each meal.

binge/purge

Gregg has recently been hospitalized for an eating disorder, and his therapist prescribes an antidepressant. Gregg MOST likely has

bulimia nervosa

Meredith's friends are always surprised by how thin she always seems to stay, but her friends have never been concerned about her being unhealthily thin. She always seems to eat a lot whenever she goes out with them and people always seem to ask her "where she puts all that food." Her friends have never heard her talk about going to the gym, and after she finishes eating she always seems to excuse herself to the bathroom. Meredith's friends are starting to suspect that she has:

bulimia nervosa

Which eating disorder is also known as binge-purge syndrome?

bulimia nervosa

_____ is best characterized by the cycle of bingeing and then purging.

bulimia nervosa

According to Hilde Bruch, _____ parents accurately attend to their children's biological and emotional needs, giving them food when they are crying from hunger and comfort when they are crying out of fear.

effective

According to some theorists, _____ parents accurately attend to their children's biological and emotional needs, giving them food when they are crying from hunger and comfort when they are crying out of fear. By contrast, _____ parents fail to attend to their children's needs, deciding that their children are hungry, cold, or tired without correctly interpreting the children's actual condition.

effective; ineffective

Corbin and Willow are fraternal twins attending the same university. They have made a pact to get healthy, motivate each other, and stay in shape. In order to achieve their weight goals, Corbin is more likely to _____, and Willow is more likely to _____.

exercise; diet

Studies have _____ family pattern consistently sets the stage for the development of eating disorders.

failed to show that a particular

Elizabeth has anorexia nervosa and enjoys planning her meals down to the smallest detail. She often gives her friends cooking advice after fantasizing about food. Elizabeth's preoccupation with food is likely the result of:

food deprivation

As a baby, Jackson had very _____ parents. They fed him when he was upset and not hungry and changed him even when he was hungry but not wet.

ineffective

stimulation of ventromedial hypothalamus

inhibits eating behaviors

When researchers stimulated the _____ during laboratory experimentation, eating behaviors were activated

lateral hypothalamus

Compared to people with anorexia nervosa, people with bulimia are at a greater risk for all of the following EXCEPT:

malnourishment

Which is LEAST likely to be a successful intervention in producing long-term recovery for anorexia nervosa?

medication

Carl is obese although he does not engage in binge-eating behavior. Carl's behavior is:

normal for many overweight individuals

At a recent multidisciplinary psychology conference, a leading researcher spoke on using the multidimensional risk perspective to explain eating disorders, identifying _____ such as ineffective parenting and _____ factors such as ego deficiency.

ognitive-behavioral factors; psychodynamic

A woman with anorexia nervosa is MOST likely to _____ her body proportions.

overestimate

Kim, a freshman-year college student, has been participating in a weekly group program designed to prevent the onset of eating disorders, utilizing role playing and behavioral exercises to challenge the ultra-thin woman's body ideal in Western society. She has also participated in skill-building exercises and social support training. Kim is MOST likely part of:

the body project

Weight set point

the weight level that a person is predisposed to maintain, controlled in part by the hypothalamus

The Body Project, a prevention program developed and expanded by psychologists Eric Stice and Carolyn Black Becker and their colleagues, consists of the following EXCEPT:

ways to use the most recent and most popular diets to lose weight.

Similar to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa most commonly occurs among:

woman