ch14

66.439%

A gas mixture contains equal masses of the monatomic gases argon (atomic mass = 39.948 u) and neon (atomic mass = 20.179 u). These two are the only gases present. Of the total number of atoms in the mixture, what percentage is neon? 33.561% 39.948% 66.439% 20.179%

10.19g

A mixture of ethyl alcohol (molecular mass = 46.1 u) and water (molecular mass = 18.0 u) contains one mole of molecules. The mixture contains 20.0 g of ethyl alcohol. What mass m of water does it contain?

The final pressure of the air inside the bottle is greater when the initial volume of air inside the bottle is smaller.

A slippery cork is being pressed into an almost full (but not 100% full) bottle of wine. When released, the cork slowly slides back out. However, if half the wine is removed from the bottle before the cork is inserted, the cork does not slide out. Why? The final pressure of the air inside the bottle is greater when the initial volume of air inside the bottle is smaller. The final pressure of the air inside the bottle is greater when the volume of air inside the bottle doesn't change. The final pressure of the air inside the bottle is greater when the initial volume of air inside the bottle is larger.

The air pressure in the house decreases and it becomes harder for the fan to do its job.

A tightly sealed house has a large ceiling fan that blows air out of the house and into the attic. The owners turn the fan on and forget to open any windows or doors. What happens to the air pressure in the house after the fan has been on for a while, and does it become easier or harder for the fan to do its job? The air pressure in the house decreases and it becomes easier for the fan to do its job. The air pressure in the house increases and it becomes harder for the fan to do its job. The air pressure in the house decreases and it becomes harder for the fan to do its job. The air pressure in the house increases and it becomes easier for the fan to do its job.

If the temperature of the gas increases, its pressure will increase.

Above the liquid in a can of hair spray is a gas at a relatively high pressure. The label on the can includes the warning "DO NOT STORE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES." Why is the warning given? If the temperature of the gas increases, its volume will decrease. If the temperature of the gas increases, its pressure will decrease. If the temperature of the gas increases, its pressure will increase.

FOC: (a)A mass (in grams) equal to the molecular mass (in atomic mass units) of a pure substance contains the same number of molecules, no matter what the substance is.

All but one of the following statements are true. Which one is not true? (a)A mass (in grams) equal to the molecular mass (in atomic mass units) of a pure substance contains the same number of molecules, no matter what the substance is. (b)One mole of any pure substance contains the same number of molecules. (c)Ten grams of a pure substance contains twice as many molecules as five grams of the substance. (d)Ten grams of a pure substance contains the same number of molecules, no matter what the substance is. (e)Avogadro's number of molecules of a pure substance and one mole of the substance have the same mass.

As the balloon ascends, the volume of the helium inside increases.

Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude. Given this fact, explain why helium-filled weather balloons are underinflated when they are launched from the ground. Assume that the temperature does not change much as the balloon rises. As the balloon ascends, the volume of the helium inside decreases. As the balloon ascends, the volume of the helium inside increases. As the balloon ascends, the volume of the helium inside remains the same.

1.25 kg/m^3

Carbon monoxide is a gas at 0°C and a pressure of 1.01 × 105 Pa. It is a diatomic gas, each of its molecules consisting of one carbon atom (atomic mass = 12.0 u) and one oxygen atom (atomic mass = 16.0 u). Assuming that carbon monoxide is an ideal gas, calculate its density ρ.

Xenon has the greatest and argon has the smallest temperature.

Consider equal masses of three monatomic gases: argon (atomic mass = 39.348 u), krypton (atomic mass 83.80 u), and xenon (atomic mass = 131.29 u). The pressure and volume of each gas is the same. Which gas has the greatest and which has the smallest temperature? Krypton has the greatest and xenon has the smallest temperature. Xenon has the greatest and argon has the smallest temperature. Xenon has the greatest and krypton has the smallest temperature.

Each has the same number of molecules, while oxygen has the greater mass.

Consider one mole of hydrogen (H2) and one mole go (O2). Which, if either, has the greater number of molecules and which, if either, has the greatest mass? Oxygen has the greater number of molecules and the greater mass. Each has the same number of molecules and the same mass. Hydrogen has the greater number of molecules and the greater mass. Each has the same number of molecules, while oxygen has the greater mass. Each has the same number of molecules, while hydrogen has the greater mass.

Increasing the temperature, volume, and number of moles of the gas

For an ideal gas, each of the following unquestionably leads to an increase in the pressure of the gas, except one. Which one is it? (a)Increasing the temperature and decreasing the volume, while keeping the number of moles of the gas constant (b)Increasing the temperature, the volume, and the number of moles of the gas (c)Increasing the temperature, while keeping the volume and the number of moles of the gas constant (d)Increasing the number of moles of the gas, while keeping the temperature and the volume constant (e)Decreasing the volume, while keeping the temperature and the number of moles of the gas constant.

O2, NO, N2

The atomic mass of a nitrogen atom (N) is 14.0 u, while that of an oxygen atom (O) is 16.0 u. Three diatomic gases have the same temperature: nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), and nitric oxide (NO). Rank these gases in ascending order (smallest first), according to the values of their translational rms speeds: (a)O2, N2, NO (b)NO, N2, O2 (c)N2, NO, O2 (d)O2, NO, N2 (e)N2, O2, NO

argon

The atoms in a container of helium (He) have the same translational rms speed as the atoms in a container of argon (Ar). Treating each gas as an ideal gas, decide which, if either, has the greater temperature. argon helium neither

2.25 mole

The cylinder in the drawing contains 3.00 mol of an ideal gas. By moving the piston, the volume of the gas is reduced to one-fourth its initial value, while the temperature is held constant. How many moles Δn of the gas must be allowed to escape through the valve, so that the pressure of the gas does not change?

6.0 x 10^-11

The diffusion rate for a solute is 4.0 × 10−11 kg/s in a solvent-filled channel that has a cross-sectional area of 0.50 cm2 and a length of 0.25 cm. What would be the diffusion rate m/t in a channel with a cross-sectional area of 0.30 cm2 and a length of 0.10 cm?

Increase the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel, increase the difference in solute concentrations between its ends, and increase its length.

The following statements concern how to increase the rate of diffusion (in kg/s). All but one statement are always true. Which one is not necessarily true? (a)Increase the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel, keeping constant its length and the difference in solute concentrations between its ends. (b)Increase the difference in solute concentrations between the ends of the diffusion channel, keeping constant its cross-sectional area and its length. (c)Decrease the length of the diffusion channel, keeping constant its cross-sectional area and the difference in solute concentrations between its ends. (d)Increase the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel, and decrease its length, keeping constant the difference in solute concentrations between its ends. (e)Increase the cross-sectional area of the diffusion channel, increase the difference in solute concentrations between its ends, and increase its length.

less than

The kinetic theory of gases assumes that, for a given collision time, a gas molecule rebounds with the same speed after colliding with the wall of a container. If the speed after the collision were less than the speed before the collision, the duration of the collision remaining the same, would the pressure of the gas be greater than, equal to, or less than the pressure predicted by kinetic theory? equal to greater than less than

False

The molecules of substances A and B are composed of different atoms. However, the two substances have the same mass densities. The molecular masses of the two types of molecules are not the same. True or false, 1 m3 of substance A contains the same number of molecules as 1 m3 of substance B. true false

remain unchanged

The pressure of a monatomic ideal gas doubles, while the volume decreases to one-half its initial value. Does the internal energy of the gas increase, decrease, or remain unchanged? remain unchanged increase decrease

0.707

The pressure of a monatomic ideal gas is doubled, while its volume is reduced by a factor of four. What is the ratio of the new rms speed of the atoms to the initial rms speed? 0.707 2.000 0.500 1.414

1

The pressure of a monatomic ideal gas is doubled, while the volume is cut in half. By what factor is the internal energy of the gas multiplied? (a)1/4 (b)1/2 (c)1 (d)2 (e)4

false

The temperature of an ideal gas doubles from 50 to 100 ºC. True or false, the average translational kinetic energy of the gas particles would also double. True False

it increases

What happens to the pressure in a tightly sealed house when the electric furnace turns on and runs for a while? It decreases. It increases. It remains constant.

as you climb up

When you climb a mountain, your eardrums "pop" outward as the air pressure decreases. When you come down, they pop inward as the pressure increases. At the seacoast, you swim through a completely submerged passage and emerge into a pocket of air trapped within a cave. As the tide comes in, the water level in the cave rises, and your eardrums pop. Is this popping analogous to what happens as you climb up or down a mountain? as you climb down as you climb up

4

f the speed of every atom in a monatomic ideal gas were doubled, by what factor would the Kelvin temperature of the gas be multiplied? (a)4 (b)2 (c)1 (d).50 (e).25