Chapter 1 A&P

spinal cord thyroid gland brain

Control Centers are generally portions of the

abdominal

On the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the ___ region

physiologists

Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functioning may be altered via medication or disease.

scientific

The ____ method refers to a systematic and rigorous process by which scientists develop and test a hypothesis

tarsal

The anatomical term for ankle or the root of the foot is

gluteal

The anatomical term for buttock is

frontal

The anatomical term for forehead is

coxal

The anatomical term for hip is

ulnar

The anatomical term for the medial aspect of the forearm is

patellar

The correct anatomical term for kneecap is

to dissect, and to cut apart

The greek word "anatome" means

comparative anatomy

an examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species

occipital

anatomical term for back of the head

buccal

anatomical term for cheek

orbital

anatomical term pertaining to the eye or eye socket

superficial

anatomical term that means "outside" or "toward the skin"

plantar

calcanel is to heel as _______ is to sole of the foot

umbilical region

center of the nine regions

shoulder

cephalic is to head as deltoid is to

anatomy

describes the muscle layers in the wall of the small intestine

anterior

directional term meaning "towards the front surface"

physiology

focuses on mechanisms and the functions of the structures

cardiovascular physiology

function of the heart, blood and blood vessels,

reproductive physiology

gamete production and related hormones and physiological cycles

tissues

histology refers to the study of

hand

lumbar is to lower back as manus is to

breast

mammary is to _____________ as brachial is to arm

elbow

olecranon is your

stomach and liver

organs of the abdominal cavity include the

epigastric region

region above the umbilical cord region

right hypochondriac

region to the right of the epigastric region

right iliac

region to the right of the hypogastric region

anatomists

scientists that study the structure and form of organisms

oral cavity

the anatomical term for mouth is

midsagittal plane

the vertical plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

coronal plane

aka "frontal pane" is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Transverse plane

aka "horizontal plane", cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body, divides the body into superior and inferior parts

responsiveness to stimuli, reproduction, and regulation of internal functions

characteristics of living things

dorsal

directional term, At the back side of the human body

mediastinum

The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the

It is medial to the eyes

The nose is Not lateral to the eyes

gross

_____________ anatomy is also called macroscopic anatomy

systemic anatomy

a study of each body system

carpal

anatomical term for wrist

crural

The anatomical term for the protion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is

surface anatomy

a focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them

respiratory physiology

a study of how gas exchange occurs

embryology

a study of the developmental changes occuring from conception to birth

regional anatomy

an examination of the structures in a particular region

Phalanges

anatomical term for fingers and toes

coxal

anatomical term for hip

posterior aspect

contains cavities that are completely encased in bone and are physically and developmentally different from the ventral cavity

neurophysiology

examination of nerve impulses that travel throughout the body

physiology

examines the funciton of various organ systems

regulating blood pressure,withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass,regulating heart rate

examples of negative feedback regulation

childbirth, breast feeding, blood clotting

examples of positive feedback loop

chest

sternal is to the sternum as pectoral is to_______

anatomy

tends to focus on the form and structure

posterior

the heart is ________________ to the sternum

anterior

the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord

the heart

Serous membrane "pericardium" corresponds to this organ

digestive organs

Serous membrane "peritoneum" corresponds to this organ

Lungs

Serous membrane "pleura" corresponds to this organ

POPLITEAL

anatomical term for the area posterior to the knee

hallux

anatomical term for the big toe

sural

anatomical term for the calf area

umbilical

the anatomical term for navel

appendicular region

Pertaining to the Upper and lower limbs

Negative Feedback Example/Homeostasis: Body Temperature Falling Below Normal

STIMULUS: Cold temperatures lower body temperature below normal. RECEPTOR: Sensory receptors in skin detect cold & send temperature info. to brain. CONTROL CENTER: Hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature at 37 degrees C, & directs respose to effectors. EFFECTOR: blood vessels in skin constrict; sweat glands become inactive; skeletal muscles shiver to generate heat. Heat is conserved. Body temperature is returned to normal & Homeostasis is restored.

often used to show internal body parts especially in the head and thoracic organs

What are midsagittal and sagittal planes used for?

smooth muscles of the bronchioles, insulin secreting cells of pancreas

What body structures can serve as effectors?

transverse

which plane seperates the chest from the abdomen

oblique plane

A minor plane that passes through the specimen at an angle.

receptors

the homoestic compont that typically consist of sensory neurons that detect changes in temperature, chemicals, or muscle stretch.

parasagittal

A plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane, but either to the left or the right of it, is termed a

physiology

Describes the mechanisms by which different nutrients are broken down

thoracic cavity

also known as chest cavity, protects and holds the lungs,heart,trachea,esophagus, endocrine glands, thoracic aorta, and the pulmonary artery. Enclosed by the ribs & breast bone. Second largest hollow space of the human body.

pubic

anatomical term for the central most anterior region of the pelvis

rostral

anatomical term meaning toward the nose