Chapter 1: Micro

Which of the following has a nucleoid region?

Prokaryotic Cell

Characteristics of archaea that are similar to bacteria include all of the following except their

Ribosomal RNA sequences

Benefits of normal microbiota include all EXCEPT which of the following?

They damage host tissue, allowing our immune system to rib the body of microbes

Why were Louis Pasteur's experiments with swan-necked flasks so important in helping disprove the theory of spontaneous generation?

They ended arguments that a "vital force" was necessary for spontaneous generation, while preventing contamination from microbes in the air.

Prions are __________

infectious proteins

algae and protozoa are also referred as to ________ , a diverse group that falls within the domain Eukarya

protists

Luis Pasteur helped disprove

spontaneous generation

The human body and its microbial inhabitants can best be compared to

the Earth's environments and their interacting inhabitants

The Human Microbiome Project

used DNA sequencing to characterize microbial communities that inhabit the human body.

Without microorganisms, substances required for human life such as O2 and organic nitrogen would

run out

As important decomposers, fungi obtains nutrients by

secreting enzymes to degrade organic material in the enviornment

Where are algae most likely to be found?

Surface of oceans, lakes, and streams. Moist terrestrial habits.

The disproving of spontaneous generation led to an era referred to as

The Golden Age of Microbiology

Solid, repeatable, extensive amounts of scientific evidence can lead to which of the following?

Theory

Some scientists could not reproduce the results of Pasteur's swan-necked flask experiment.

True

True of false: Eukaryotic microbes are generally larger than prokaryotic microbes

True

Unlike the term microorganism, the word microbe also includes

Viruses

Which of the following are classified as a acellular infectious agents?

Viruses, viroids, and prions

In algae, photosynthesis takes place in __________, which have chlorophyll, a green pigment.

Chloroplast

A scientific experiment includes a component that rules out alternative explanations of the results by showing that the only feature that varied in the experiment was the characteristic being tested. The component that does this is called

Control

If you discover a single-celled organism that is 50 micrometers wide and has a nucleus and organelles, it belongs to which domain?

Eukarya

Which of the following best describes the cultivation of microorganisms in the laboratory?

Less than 1% of microorganisms can be cultivated.

Which of the following are/is true regarding viruses?

Outside of the host cells, viruses are inactive and viruses can only multiply within the host cells.

In general, disease-causing organisms are referred as which of the following?

Pathogens

Which microorganisms lack a membrane-bound nucleus?

Archaea, Bacteria

Unlike other organisms, most _______ have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan.

Bacteria

Which of the following is a difference between archaea and bacteria?

Bacteria possess peptidoglycan in their cell walls whereas archaea do not.

Which types of microorganisms have cells that lack membrane-bound organelles?

Bacteria, Archaea

Based on the name, the characteristics of which organisms are probably quite different from the others?

Balantidium coli

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are in the same

Genus

The principle that microorganisms cause certain diseases is called

Germ Theory of Disease

A testable explanation for an observation is called a

Hypothesis