Chapter 1 Quiz SWK275

Someone who is a "family change" advocate might say the following:

"The family is better than ever at adapting to new challenges."

A person who believed in the "family decline" theory might say the following:

"There has been a serious breakdown in marriage and family values."

Those with a "family change" perspective view the family as ________________.

"an adaptable institution"

About __________ of American children live in single parent families.

25%

The text reports that between _________ percent of recent first marriages will end in divorce.

40 to 50

About _____________ same-sex couple households existed in the United States in 2008.

500,000

Today, only __________ percent of American households fit the 1950s nuclear family ideal of a married couple with children, where only the husband is employed.

7

The text reports that rates of childlessness among women ages 40-44 has ___________ over the past 30 years.

Doubled

Today, about 50 percent of families fit the model of intact marriage, children, and husband-breadwinner and wife-homemaker.

False

Placing kin group needs and goals over individual interests and preferences is termed

Familism

________________ is made up of the ideas and feelings about the uniqueness and value of one's family unit, which often emerges in family traditions, rituals and celebrations.

Family identity

The emotional dimension of decision making is referred to in the text as the

Gut factor

According to the text, marriage remains an ____________ experience; 91 percent of adults have been married or plan to marry.

Important

Compared with today, in the 1950s and early 1960s, people tended to

Marry earlier

The text observes that once a choice is made and a person acts on it, the process is not necessarily complete. This component of decision making is called

Rechecking

What factor may cause a father to make choices about his family "by default"?

Strong day-to-day pressures on the job cutting into time at home.

According to the text, married life is far more complex and difficult than the traditional image commonly portrayed.

True

According to the text, personal decisions must be made throughout the life course.

True

As families have become less rigidly structured, people have made fewer choices "once and for all."

True

In a family setting, development and change involve more than one individual.

True

Maintaining a family requires both commitment and knowledge of what you're doing.

True

Research shows that parents, siblings, and other relatives influence a child's self-concept, having a profound influence on personal identity.

True

Societal or structural conditions can both limit and expand people's options.

True

The most common household type today is that of married couples without children.

True

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps involved with making knowledgeable choices?

Try to avoid making a decision if possible.

The concept of "household" is broader than that of "family" as it includes

any person residing in the home.

In 1957, the total fertility rate was about 3.6 children per woman. For the last decade and a half, it has been __________ child/children per woman.

around 2

As families have become less traditional, the legal definition of a family has

become much more flexible.

Traditionally, both law and social science specified that the family consisted of people related by

blood, marriage, or adoption

Traditionally, both law and social science specified that the family consisted of people related by

blood, marriage, or adoption.

Choices made __________ are ones that people make when they are not aware of all the alternatives or when they pursue the proverbial path of least resistance.

by default

Although most people have made at least some decisions by default, almost everyone can recall having the opposite experience, which is

choosing knowledgeably.

We live in a society characterized by ________________ change, including increased ethnic, economic, and family diversity.

considerable

Over the past four decades, fertility in the United States has

declined

Family change is attributed to which of the following influences?

economic trends and cultural changes

People are influenced by the society around them. Societal or structural conditions can negatively limit or positively__________ our options.

expand

Many households containing grandparents are __________ family households, which include other relatives besides parents and children.

extended

Scholars and advocates with a "__________" perspective point see constant evolution as normal.

family change

Scholars and advocates with a "__________" perspective point to what they see as a negative cultural change accentuated by excessive individualism and self-indulgence.

family decline

The definition of family adopted by the authors of this text includes those who do all of the following EXCEPT

have the same name and background.

The Census Bureau uses which of the following terms to describe a person or a group of people residing together?

household

Which of the following is attributed to the U.S. by "family change" scholars?

inadequate support for families, when compared to other advanced industrial countries

The text concludes that the best way to make decisions about our personal lives is to make them

knowledgeably.

If you wanted to make a knowledgeable decision about choosing which class to take,

look through the catalog at all the possibilities, consider what will benefit you in the future, and register early to get the class you consider best.

Which of the following is NOT listed by your text as a major family function?

meeting sexual desires

Compared to the recent past, children are __________ likely to live with a grandparent today.

more

The number of households maintained by individuals living alone is __________ those maintained by married couples with children.

more than

In 1950s, the nonmarital pregnancy rate was __________ in comparison with today.

much lower

Family diversity has progressed to the point that there is

no typical family form today.

Because adults change, marriages and families are

not static.

Until about 50 years ago, the __________ family was considered the traditional American family.

nuclear

Which of these does NOT contribute to young adults continuing to live with their parents or to move back home?

personal decorating preferences

According to the text, in recent years, people have been

postponing marriage and parenthood.

Children learn social roles by imitating the behaviors of parents, siblings, and family members through a type of play called ___________.

role-taking

According to the text's discussion of how social factors influence people's personal choices,

social factors can limit people's options

Which is the phrase used to describe economic and social forces which limit personal choices?

structural constraints

Cohabitation has emerged as a lifestyle

that can be intermediate between marriage and singlehood or an alternative to marriage.

What is assisted reproductive technology (ART)?

the manipulation of sperm and/or egg in the absence of sexual intercourse that may involve a third party