Chapter 11: Meiosis and Sexual Repro

Which of the following components of prokaryotic cell replication is homologous to the tubulin based mitotic spindle in eukaryotic cell division? 1. ftsZ proteins 2. septum 3. prokaryotic mitotic spindle

1

if a muscle cell of a typical organism has 32 chromosomes how many chromosomes will be in a gamete of that same organism

16

Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct? 1. Meiosis is a process during which duplicated chromosomes are distributed into two nuclei and cytoplasmic contents are equally divided. 2. Meiosis II is a process during which sister chromatids are separated into individual chromosomes, and the result is four unique haploid cells. 3. Meiosis I is referred to as reduction division because the ploidy level is reduced from diploid to haploid.

2

meiosis produces ---- daughter cells

4 haploid

What is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction over asexual forms of reproduction?

Half the population is capable of carrying offspring.

sporophyte

a multicellular diploid life cycle stage that produces haploid spores by meiosis

gametophyte

a multicellular haploid life cycle stage that produces gametes

somatic cell

all the cells of a multicellular organism except the gametes or reproductive cells

which type of life cycle has both a haploid and diploid multicellular stage

alternation of generation

at what stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other

anaphase II

Which phase of a fern's life cycle is free living?

both haploid and diploid stages

interkinesis

brief period of rest between meiosis I and meiosis II

at metaphase I, homologous chromosomes are connected only at what structures

chiasmata

which of the following is not true in regard to crossover

chiasmata are formed

crossover

exchange of genetic material between non sister chromatids resulting in chromosomes that incorporate genes from both parents of the organism

meiosis I

first round of meiotic cell division in which homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles

synapsis

formation of a close association between homologous chromosomes during prophase I

______ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.

gene mutations

spore

haploid cell that can produce a haploid multicellular organism or can fuse with another spore to form a diploid cell

fungi typically display which type of life cycle

haploid dominant

diploid-dominant

life cycle type in which the multicellular diploid stage is prevalent

haploid dominant

life cycle type in which the multicellular haploid stage is prevalent

alternation of generations

life-cycle type in which the diploid and haploid stages alternate

The part of meiosis that is most similar to mitosis is _____ .

meiosis 2

When does the random assortment of chromosomes occur in meiosis?

metaphase I

meiosis

nuclear division process that results in four haploid cells

reduction division

nuclear division that produces daughter nuclei each having one half as many chromosome sets as the parental nucleus, meiosis i is a reduction division

recombination nodules

protein assemblies formed on the synaptonemal complex that mark the points of crossover events and mediate the multistep process of genetic recombination between non-sister chromatids

cohesion

proteins that form a complex that seals sister chromatids together at their centromeres until anaphase II of meiosis

what phase of mitotic interphase is missing from meiotic interkinesis

s phase

meiosis II

second round, sister chromatids are separated into individual chromosomes, and the result is four unique haploid cells

what is the likely evolutionary advantage of sexual repro over asexual repro

sexual repro results in variation in the offspring

germ cells

specialized cell line that produces gametes, such as eggs or sperm

a diploid, multicellular life cycle stage that gives rise to haploid cells by meiosis is called a

sporophyte

what structure is most important in forming the tetrads

synaptonemal complex

life cycle

the sequence of events in the development of an organism and the production of cells that produce offspring

chiasmata

the structure that forms at the crossover points after genetic material is exchanged

tetrad

two duplicated homologous chromosomes (four chromatids ) bound together by chiasmata during prophase I

fertilization

union of two haploid cells from two individual organisms